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Design and Critique for
Challenging Problems
Jonathan Knoll
@yoni
Dana Chisnell
@danachis




                          1
You read the bios in the program,
right?




                                    2
The design studio technique
 Research
 Pre-work
 Present
 Critique




                              3
Ungar & White
                4
Collaborative sketching




                          5
Groups




         6
Goal:
Ensure that all voters can vote
as they intend




                                  7
Research




           8
Poor ballot design
  frustrates voters
  undermines confidence
  contributes to Election Day problems




                                         9
All voters are affected
  thousands of votes are lost or miscast
  all voting technologies are affected
  greater risk for some groups of voters




                                           10
Pre-work + personas




                      11
12
Instructions



               13
Contests



           14
Propositions



               15
Sketch
 rough
 radical
 risky




           16
First time
voter
18-24 years old
not very political
OR
may be very political




                        17
Low literacy
voter
English may be a second
language
Usually low education, with no
civics education




                                 18
Elderly
voter
May have multiple disabilities
to greater or lesser extent
OR no disabilities at all
Lots of voting experience




                                 19
You




      20
Present + critique




                     21
Critique: Ask questions
  why were the decisions made?
  how does it meet the goals?
  how does it not meet the goals?




                                    22
Receiving critique
  improvement, not judgement
  be a critic




                               23
Activity
  present quickly
  critique quickly




                     24
Break
        25
Constraints




              26
State laws   Technology   Expense                    History




                                                                      27
                           http://www.flickr.com/photos/plemeljr/61432544/
Classic problems
 splitting contests into different columns

 placing different contests on the same screen
 placing response options on both sides of names
 using arrows rather than bubbles on paper ballots

 leaving in disqualified candidates




                                                     28
Better Ballots: Re-designed Ballot, Kewaunee County


Keep contests
in same
column
Better Ballots: Sarasota County, FL (2006)
One Contest Per Screen for DREs
Classic problems
 inconsistency in format and style

 not using shading, bold text
 not writing short, simple instructions
 placing instructions too far away

 not telling voters how to correct paper ballots




                                                   31
Collaborative sketching




                          32
Sketch
 best ideas from the group
 ideas that meet the goals




                             33
Groups of groups
 Come together
 Pick a presenter




                    34
Presentations + critique




                           35
Collaborate




              36
Activity
  best ideas from the group
  ideas that meet the goals




                              37
Wrap up   Questions?




                       38
Call to action




                 39
Be a
poll worker




              40
Observe
elections




            41
Volunteer to
 proof ballots
and materials




                 42
Use the
accessible
   system




             http://trace.wisc.edu/voting/ 43
Join our
            projects
AIGA Design for Democracy

  UPA Usability in Civic Life




                                44
Dana Chisnell
dana@usabilityworks.net
twitter: @danachis
www.usabilityworks.com
415.519.1148


Jonathan Knoll
jonathan@infinityplusone.com
twitter: @yoni
www.infinityplusone.com




                              45

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Design and Critique for Challenging Problems