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Splunking the JVM
1.
Splunking the JVM Damien
Dallimore Developer Evangelist
2.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. What is this
JVM thing ? 2 • Circa 1991, Dr. James Gosling at Sun started developing a technology for next generation smart devices/appliances • “Green” became “Oak” which became “Java” • Java 1.0 first appeared in January 1996. • The JVM is a virtual machine that runs programs that are compiled into Java bytecode • Available for many hardware and software platforms • 17 years later , the JVM has evolved from a consumer device technology,to a browser oriented technology with the explosion of the web , to now becoming deeply rooted in the enterprisesoftware landscape on the server side and in the cloud
3.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. 17 years later 3 •
Oracle took ownership of Java from Sun in January 2010 • The Java Community Process(JCP) is the forum where members develop specifications for Java technology • Java Specification Requests(JSR) get submitted for new features, are reviewed and then voted on by the JCP Executive committee. • Editions • Embedded Java, Java ME , Java SE , Java EE • Current Version is Java 7 (Dolphin) • Java 8 scheduled for 2013 Application Servers Enterprise Service Buses Databases NoSQL Distributed Big Data Web Servers Directory Servers Search Engines Build Systems Gaming Platforms Trading Systems Reservation Systems Core Banking Messaging Infrastructure Proprietary Systems
4.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. JVM Variants 4 • Oracle
Hotspot (formerly SUN) – theprimaryreferenceJVMimplementation • Oracle JRockit (formerly BEA) – freesinceMay2011 – codebasecurrentlybeingmergedwithHotspot,ETA~JDK 8 • Open JDK – SUN opensourcedHotspotand the Java classlibraryin 2006 – SlightdifferenceswithOracleJava still – OpenJDKis the official JavaSE7 ReferenceImplementation • J9 – IBM’sJVMforAIX,Linux,MVS, OS/400, PocketPC, z/OS • Azul Systems Zing – basedonHotSpot – supportsmemoryheapsup to 512 GB withoutGCpausesand is ableto growand shrinkthe heap basedonload
5.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. The JVM has
a healthy future 5 • Hotspot/JRockitcodemergecreating abestofbreedJVM,OracletocontributethistoOpenJDK • OpenJDKisthriving,OraclearecontributingandbeinggoodstewardsofJava(despiteinitialskepticism) • Proliferationof alternativeJVMlanguagesthatcanallco-habitateintheJVMandnewfeaturesinJava8tofurtherenhance thismultilanguageplatform – Scala – Groovy – Clojure • TheJVMisevolvingorganicallywiththeshiftingtidesofEnterprisesoftware,itisn’taboutthe“J”anymore. • FromtheclusteredApplicationServerdominationofthe00’swenowseeanexplosionofBigDataproductsrunningin massivelydistributedenvironmentsoncommodityhardwareorinthecloud – ApacheHadoopfamily(MapReduce,Hive,Hbase,Cassandra,HDFS)
6.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. What is running
in JVMs ? 6
7.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. JVM “Fanboi” 7 Dr. GoslingFanboi Speaking
of Java as a language as opposed to the JVM platform, James Gosling, the Father of Java, said "Most people talk about Java the language, and this may sound odd coming from me, but I could hardly care less." He went on to explain, "What I really care about is the Java Virtual Machine as a concept, because that is the thing that ties it all together."
8.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. JVM Machine Data 8 •
The JVM footprint cross cuts the data centre and represents a massive source of valuable machine data • Large scale Application/Web Server clusters • Hadoop & Cassandra Node topologies in the 10’000s !!! Custom Developed Code WAR file Application Code Tomcat JVM Hotspot Operating System Linux JMX, SNMP, HPROF,GC Logs, Custom Agents(AppDynamics/SplunkJavaAgent) JMX, Application Logs JMX, Developer Logs, Splunk Java SDK, SplunkJavaLogging JVM process OS resource metrics CORRELATE
9.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. Application & Developer
Logs 9 • Application logs • default logs that are part of the product • Developer logs • any custom code created and deployed to the application that has it’s own logging • Written to local disk or a mounted network volume • Monitor with a Splunk UF Splunk Indexer Splunk Universal Forwarder Monitor Log Files/ Directorys Developed Code Application JVM OS
10.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. Splunk Java SDK
/ SplunkJavaLogging 10 Splunk Indexer Developed Code Application JVM OS HTTP$REST$/$TCP$/$UDP • Alternative to writing to log file or needing to deploy a Splunk Universal Forwarder • Use the Splunk Java SDK to input events directly to Splunk via HTTP Rest. • Use SplunkJavaLogging to input events directly to Splunk using custom logging appenders.
11.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. JVM Process OS
Metrics 11 • By JVM Process ID : Process State, Memory, CPU, Disk Usage, Disk I/O, Network I/O, File Descriptor Usage. • Some OS metrics also exposed via JMX • Splunk for Unix and Linux • Splunk for Windows • Correlate this OS data across your JVM and Application events ie: your JVM may have hung because of CPU starvation caused by some other process thrashing Splunk Indexer Splunk for Unix or Linux Monitor Log Files & Directorys Developed Code Application JVM OS Poll output from commands
12.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. Garbage Collection logs 12 Splunk
Indexer Splunk Universal Forwarder Monitor GC Log Files Developed Code Application JVM OS • Extended Hotspot JVM options -verbose:gc -Xloggc:/home/damien/jvm_logs/gc.log -XX:+PrintGC -XX:+PrintGCTimeStamps -XX:+PrintGCDetails • The log is written to at Garbage Collection time • Useful for tracing full GC cycles • Need to perform field extractions in Splunk • Many GC metrics also available via JMX 54.736: [Full GC 54.737: [Tenured: 172798K->18092K(174784K), 2.3792658 secs] 257598K->18092K(259584K), [Perm : 20476K->20476K(20480K)], 2.4715398 secs] [Times: user=0.56 sys=0.05, real=0.07 secs]
13.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. Custom Instrumentation Agents
(Advanced) 13 Splunk Indexer Splunk Universal Forwarder Monitor Agent Log Files Developed Code Application JVM OS REST/TCP/UDP • JVM BCI (byte code instrumentation) • Write custom agents that get injected into the running JVM • Dynamically inspect the state of applications running in the JVM • Profiling, debugging, monitoring, thread/memory analysis • As you write the agent code , the data output can be file based or over the network • Check out my SplunkJavaAgent on github • Also AppDynamics have some pretty cool kung fu in this area, we integrate !
14.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. HPROF Profiling Dumps 14 Splunk
Indexer Splunk Universal Forwarder Binary HPROF dump file Developed Code Application JVM OS Monitor and decode into textual key=value pairs • Binary JVM dumps that allow for deeper JVM resource inspection • Typical use case is diagnosing memory issues after JVM crashes with java.lang.OutOfMemoryError • Binary file is usually batch loaded into a third party memory analysis tool like Eclipse MAT • SplunkJavaAgent can dynamically dump and decode hprof output and send to Splunk • Awesome source of information for dev/test Warning : heap dumping is an expensive operation as a full GC gets performed
15.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. SNMP 15 • The JVM
SNMP Agent provides a single MIB that exposes the JVM’s Management and Monitoring API http://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/guide/management/JVM-MANAGEMENT-MIB.mib • Setup the JVM (just the basic settings shown) Open a UDP Port : -Dcom.sun.management.snmp.port=9004 Configure the ACL : $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/management/snmp.acl • Traps can be caught locally to file and monitored • Splunk SNMP Modular Input can poll the JVM SNMP Objects (coming soon to a theatre near you) Splunk Indexer Splunk Universal Forwarder Developed Code Application JVM OS SNMP%Objects% Polled JVM MIB snmptrapd UDP:162 SNMP%Traps% wri6en%to%file
16.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. JMX (Java Management
Extensions) 16 Splunk Indexer Developed Code Application JVM OS Splunk Universal Forwarder JMX • Manage and Monitor the JVM and Application via exposed MBeans • JVM MBeans (java.lang domain) • Vendor MBeans (most vendors ship their products with extensive MBean coverage) • Custom Coded MBeans (whatever your devs wish to code) • MBeans expose attributes, operations and notifications to give you a powerfully dynamic insight into the runtime state of the JVM and your application. • Add Splunk to the mix for historical and realtime operational visibility, pro-active issue detection etc.. • Splunk for JMX app on SplunkBase
17.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. JMX vs SNMP 17 JMX •
Open and easily extensible • Developers can simply create new MBeans • Vendor products(JBoss, Cassandra, Hadoop etc..) ship with thorough MBean coverage, not MIBs SNMP • The built-in SNMP agent of the JVM is not extensible. • You will not be able to use it in order to expose your own custom MIB • If you do want to expose your own MIB, you’d have to create a custom agent
18.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. Putting it all
together, JVM Splunking Nirvana 18 Splunk Indexer Cluster Developed Code Application JVM OS JMX HPROF OS*Metrics/Logs Splunk Forwarder Logs JMX REST/TCP/UDP Auto Load Balanced JMX Logs Distributed Search
19.
Copyright©2013,SplunkInc. Contact me 19 Email :
ddallimore@splunk.com Twitter : @damiendallimore Skype : damien.dallimore Github : damiendallimore Splunkbase : damiend Slideshare : http://www.slideshare.net/damiendallimore Blogs : http://blogs.splunk.com/dev Web : http://dev.splunk.com
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Open JDK – Browser plugin and web start only with Oracle Java
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