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Semantic chop
1. SEMANTIC
HTML5 101
or “Bye bye divitis”
Pascal Rettig
On Twitter @cykod
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
2. Born in 1989 by Tim Berner’s Lee
HTML IS IN TO ITee EA
’S RLY 20’S
Born in 1989 by Tim Berner’s L
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
3. LI FE CRniSgI”S
QUAR3TERing to find “Mea n I
FACINlGr A ML5 & Web .0 is try
fo HT
The big goa
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
4. WHAT IS A
“SEMANTIC CHOP”?
A way to give structure and meaning to the
HTML that you generate.
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
5. W HO IS TH IS FOR?
• Primarily clients other than
your usual Web Browsers.
• The Google, Other Search
Engines, Data Aggregators,
Screen Readers, “Non-
traditional” browsers
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
6. THE GOALS
• HTML tags used in Meaningful
ways
• All styling information left to CSS
• Validating markup
• All dynamic interactions added
“unobtrusively” (usually via
jQuery)
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
7. HOW DOES
HTML5 ACHIEVE
THIS?
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
9. #2SECTIONING
TAGS
<article>
<aside>
<nav>
<section>
(Also <details> <figure> act as the
same, but don’t add to the parent
section)
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
10. EACH CREATES A
NEW “SECTION” OF
YOUR PAGE
Each of these represents a separate line in
the outline of your document.
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
11. #3ORGANIZATIONAL
ELEMENTS
<header>
<footer>
<hgroup>
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
12. CAN BE USED TO
GROUP CONTENT
TOGETHER
(But does not create a separate sectioning
root)
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
13. #4SELF-CONTAINED
“SYNDICATABLE”
CONTENT
All <article>’s should be self-contained
elements
They can contain their own <h1>’s
<header>’s <footer>’s etc
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
14. #5ADDED MEANING
TO HTML5 TAGS
<em>Emphasized text</em>
<strong>Strong text</strong>
<dfn>Definition term</dfn>
<code>Computer code text</code>
<samp>Sample computer code text</samp>
<kbd>Keyboard text</kbd>
<var>Variable</var>
<cite>Citation</cite>
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
16. CREATES AN OUTL INE OF:
http://gsnedders.html5.org/
outliner/
1. My Website
1. Main Menu
2. My Awesome Article
3. Blog Roll
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
17. NITTY GRITTY
DETAILS...
Can I use a semantic chop now?
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
18. YES, IF YOU INCLUDE
A SHIV FOR IE < 9
• html5shiv
• (Or just use modernizr.js, which
also includes it)
• Fine print: Javascript required
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
19. SO NO MORE <DIV>’S
AND <SPAN>’S?
• Not quite - <divs> and <spans>
should still be used for styling and
for organizing data with microdata.
• Remember: <article>, <section> et al
create new sectioning roots
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
20. PART 2:
ADDITIONAL
MEANING
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
21. SPEAKING OF
MICRODATA...
A way mark up *your existing html* to give it
machine readable meaning.
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
22. WHY?
Again - search engines. We
learned from the bad keyword-
stuffing days that pure meta-data
doesn’t work.
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
23. MICRO DATA EXAMPLE:
<div itemscope>
<p>My name is <span
itemprop="name">Neil</span>.</p>
<p>My band is called <span
itemprop="band">Four Parts Water</span>.</
p>
<p>I am <span
itemprop="nationality">British</span>.</p>
</div>
Create items with itemscope, add
properties with itemprop.
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
24. MORE
ATTRIBUTES
• Itemtype - Defines the vocabulary to be
used by the microdata format.
• Itemid - The unique identifier of the
item, if defined by the microdata
vocabulary.
• Itemref - Allows a microdata element to
reference another element on the page to
define it by either HTML id or by itemid.
Reference
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
25. WHERE IS IT
USED?
• Google Rich snippets
• http://www.google.com/
support/webmasters/bin/
answer.py?answer=99170
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
26. OPENGRAPH:
MAKING FACEBOOK
HAPPY
Facebook scans your page and pulls
information whenever someone likes or
shares a page of your site
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
27. IT’LL JUST PULL RANDOM
CR*P IF YOU DON’T ADD
OPENGRAPH TAGS
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
28. ADD META PR OPERTIES
TO YOUR <HEAD>
<head>
<title>The Rock (1996)</title>
<meta property="og:title" content="The Rock" />
<meta property="og:type" content="movie" />
<meta property="og:url" content="http://
www.imdb.com/title/tt0117500/" />
<meta property="og:image" content="http://
ia.media-imdb.com/images/rock.jpg" />
...
http://ogp.me/
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
30. FINALLY RDFA
... Which is too complicated to cover in
a few minutes ...
But with it’s big brother RDF opens
you up to the full world of Web 3.0 &
the Semantic Web.
Wednesday, May 25, 2011
31. THE L INKED DATA GRAPH
T he Semantic Web
Wednesday, May 25, 2011