An update on the Livestock-Climate Change CRSP CHAINS Project (Climate variability, pastoralism, and commodity chains in Ethiopia and Kenya) and the current status of the project. Presentation given by P. Littel (Emory University) at the Livestock-Climate Change CRSP Annual Meeting, Golden, CO, April 26-27, 2011.

1. Climate Variability, Pastoralism, and Commodity Chains in Semi-Arid and Arid Areas of Ethiopia and Kenya (CHAINS) Peter D. Little, Emory University Livestock - Climate Change Collaborative Research Support Program (CRSP) Annual Meeting Agenda April 26 – 27, 2011. Table Mountain Inn, Golden CO

2. Other Team Members and Institutions Hussein Mahmoud, Co-PI, Pwani University College (Kenyatta University) Workneh Negatu, Co-PI, Addis Ababa University Steve Staal, Co-PI, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Andy Catley ,Tufts University Polly Ericksen, Ecologist Uriel Kitron, Emory University Carla Roncoli, Emory University Additional Collaborators: Amos Omare, ILRI Dejene Negassa, Independent Researcher (Ethiopia) WaktoleTiki, Hawassa University (Ethiopia)

4. Is it a problem worth studying?

5. If so, where (sites), what methods to use to address them? What type of skills/disciplines are needed?

6. Are governments, donor agencies, policy makers interested in it?

7. What other issues become important:Pastoralist differentiation (wealth, gender, age, location) Animal disease Local/regional institutional capacity to study issue; potential to build both public and private capacity. Project Overview

10. Incorporate pastoralists: Most livestock market chain analysis starts post-production so we know little about which pastoralists groups of pastoralists benefit from markets.

12. What innovations in feed markets, communication technologies, veterinary services and inputs, and financing assist herders and traders with managing risks and accessing different market chains?

14. Research Sites Blue=Research Area Red=Market Catchment

15. Garissa, Kenya

16. Borena, Ethiopia

20. Different ILRI Initiatives: Rift Valley Fever (RVF); environmental assessment of UasinNyiro basin; Index-based livestock insurance (IBLI) work;

21. IGAD work on livestock policy/regional trade;

22. USAID/COMESA—Regional trade/animal health (SPS)

23. FAO study of informal livestock trade—Somalia, NE Kenya, southern Ethiopia

27. Livestock Exports, Ethiopia Based on: Trade Bulletin 4, April, 2011, p. 4. Ethiopia Sanitary & Phytosanitary Standards and Livestock & Meat Marketing Program , Addis Ababa.

28. Cattle and Camel Exports, Ethiopia, 2008-2010 Based on: Trade Bulletin 4, April, 2011, p. 4. Ethiopia Sanitary & Phytosanitary Standards and Livestock & Meat Marketing Program , Addis Ababa.

30. Increased export trade esp southern Ethiopia; North Africa/Middle East turmoil affecting markets.

31. Garissa—increased sales for ranches for fattening near Mombasa and growing importance of Mombasa

33. Challenges and Lessons Disaggregate climate issues from other major ‘drivers’ in research sites, especially land use and settlement changes (‘drought is “lack of grass/feed”). Methodological: Cost-effective way to include the pastoralist household/livelihood perspective into study--integrate with other components of study. Right mix of institutional partners/ collaborators for research program Policy challenge of livestock- based systems in ASALs versus other competing political econ. forces in areas (e.g., irrigation, foreign investment, wildlife/ tourism)

34. Next Steps Research Planning Meeting, June 21-22, 2011, Addis Ababa June-July, 2011: Produce Research plan for project Final round of fieldwork and interviews, August, 2011 August-November, 2011, Analysis and Write-up. Complete: Literature review; workshop report; 1 journal article; 1 research policy brief;

39. Inputs: fodder/feed, veterinary drugs, water to cope w/ climate/market variability Institutional: tenure and groups

40. Asante sana! (Thank you!) This presentation was made possible by the United States Agency for International Development and the generous support of the American people through Grant No. EEM-A-00-10-0001. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Agency for International Development or the U.S. Government.