1. Impact pathways considerations:
Scaling agents and partners
Coordination with other initiatives
Business models
Training
Social marketing
Milestones and
Communications Accountability
Technology targeting
Research questions
Resources
Risks / countervailing factors

2. Primary Outcomes for Bihar / EUP (crossing-cutting)
Women entrepreneurs emerge to provide critical services to farmers (e.g. fertilizer application
+ SSNM, herbicide-based weed control, mechanical threshing, ‘satellite’ dealers?)
New seed entrepreneurs expand production and market access of elite cultivars (start with
‘seed summit’
New model of demand aggregation are devised that permit smallholders to access mechanized
services through SPs w/ viable business models
New and emerging entrepreneurs for mechanized services (ZT, LL, mechanical transplanting
etc.) are strengthened through technical training and business development services
PPPs are formed to strengthen knowledge networks for agronomy basics in weed control and
fertilizer management (State Department, Private Sector, KVKs, DG)
Market availability of machinery and inputs expand with private companies compelled to have
a role in market development.

3. Primary Outcomes for kharif season in Bihar / EUP
• Farmers adopt DSR at scale where risk and economics are favorable (
• Farmers adopt shorter duration rice varieties and mechanical threshing in areas where
system productivity can be improved through early wheat establishment
• Nursery enterprises developed to hedge production risks from variable monsoon rains and
transplanting old seedlings
• Stress-tolerant rice varieties (‘sub’ 1 and ‘sukka’) adopted in targeted production
environments (with STRASA)
• Site-specific nutrient management recommendations are broadly available and profitably
used by farmers
• Efficient pumps for surface water irrigation are commercialized and are accessible in the
market
• Viable business models for mechanical transplanting adopted by service providers
• Farmers that mechanically thresh have comprehensive approach to PH management