1. History
• Austro-Hungary and 20th Century
• Raymond Saner, 2008
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

2. Contributors to the 20th Century
from Austro-Hungary
• Artists-Architects
• Gustva Klimt (1862-1918
Oskar Kokoschka (1886-1980)
Alfred Loos (1870-1933)
Egon Schiele (1890-1918)
Otto Wagner (1841-1918)
• Composers
Alban Berg (1885-1945)
Gustav Mahler (1860-1911)
Arnold Schönberg (1874-1951)
Anton Webern ( 1883-1945)
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

3. Contributors to the 20th Century
from Austro-Hungary
• Film Makers
• Fritz Lang (1890-1976)
Otto Preminger (1906-1986)
Josef von Sternberg (1894-1969)
Erich von Stroheim (1885-1957)
Billy Wilder (1906-2002)
• Economists
Carl Menger (1940-1921)
Ludwig von Mises (1881-1973)
Friedrich Hayek (1899-1992)
Josef Schumpeter (1883-1950)
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

4. Contributors to the 20th Century
from Austro-Hungary
• Philosophers
• Martin Buber (1873-1965)
Christian von Ehrenfels (1859-1932)
Edmund Husserl (1859-1938)
Karl Popper (1902-1994)
Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951)
• Physicists
Hans Hahn (1879-1934)
Ernst Mach (1838-1916)
Wolfgang Pauli (1900-1958)
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

5. Contributors to the 20th Century
from Austro-Hungary
• Psychologists-Psychiatrists
• Alfred Adler (1870-1937)
Josef Breuer (1842-1925)
Viktor Frankl (1905-1997)
Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
Wilhelm Reich (1897-1957)
Bruno Bettelheim (1903-1990)
Otto Rank (1884-1939)
Jakob Moreno(1889-1974)
Heinz Kohut (1913-1981)
Melanie Klein (1882-1960)
Theodor Reik (1888-1969)
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

6. Contributors to the 20th Century
from Austro-Hungary
• Writers
• Hermann Bahr (1863-1934)
Max Brod (1884-1968)
Elias Canetti (1905-1994)
Hugo von Hoffmansthal (1874-1929)
Franz Kafka (1883-1924)
Robert Musil (1880-1942)
Rainer Maria Rilke (1875-1926)
Joseph Roth (1894-1939)
Arthur Schmitzler (1862-1931)
Georg Trakl (1887-1914)
Franz Werfel (1890-1945)
Stefan Zweig (1881-1942)
Karl Kraus (1874-1936)
•
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

7. Contributors to the 20th Century
from Austro-Hungary
• Other Notables
• Theodor Herzl ((1860-1904)
Max Reinhardt (1876-1943)
Rudolf Laban (1879-1953)
Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925)
Paul Watzlawick (1921-2007)
Konrad Lorenz (1903-1989)
•
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

8. Austrian-born Management Thinkers
• Peter Drucker 1909-2005
• Fred Fiedler 1922-
• Paul Watzlawick 1921- 2007
• Fritjof Capra 1939-
• Luwig von Bertalanffy 1901-1972
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

9. Expressionism: Schiele
Self portrait with arm twisting, 1910
•
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

10. Impressionism: Oskar Kokoschka
Murderer, hope of women, 1910
•
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

11. The Sunday Circle and Café Central
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

12. Part III: Fore-Background Interactions
• Mass movement of people, deaths due to
war, stranded people, orphans, « new
citizens », physical-psychological
amputations, deconstruction of social,
cultural, political fabric, »experiments but
no support =not sustainable », raise of
blame game, hatred, racism, radicalism,
decomposition
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

13. Europe Pre-WWI
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

14. WWI: 4 years, 3 months and 14 days
• Casualties in WW1
• Germany 1,800,000
Soviet Union 1,700,000
France 1,385,000
Austria 1,200,000
Great Britain 947,000
Japan 800,000
Romania 750,000
Serbia 708,000
Italy 460,000
Turkey 325,000
Belgium 267,000
Greece 230,000
USA 137,000
Portugal 100,000
Canada 69,000
Bulgaria 88,000
Montenegro 50,000
TOTAL 11,016,000
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

15. Europe Post-WWI
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

16. Begin and end of Austro-Hungary
• 1278
– Emperor Rudolf of Habsburg defeats King Ottkar on
the Marchfeld, gains Vienna and makes it his capital
• 1918
• End of First World War and collapse of Habsburg
Monarchy.
• End more than 600 years of Habsburg rule
© CSEND, May 2007. all rights reserved

17. Note: This publication has been made available by CSEND.org with the agrement of the author.
The Centre for Socio-Eco-Nomic Development (CSEND) aims at
promoting equitable, sustainable and integrated development through dialogue and
institutional learning.
Diplomacy Dialogue is a branch of the Centre for Socio-Eco-Nomic Development
(CSEND), a non-profit R&D organization based in Geneva, Switzerland since 1993.