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Dispositivos de Proteção para 
Embolização Distal 
Apresentação: R1 Cristina Silveira
Base Teórica 
• Embolização de debris da placa de ateroma é 
uma das principais causas de no reflow e 
elevação de biomarcadores após ACTP. 
• Os dispositivos de proteção podem minimizar 
as consequenciais da embolização distal 
melhorando resultados.
Aumento de CK-MB após ACTP com sucesso em 
CK-MB Rise in SVG Interventions 
Enxertos Venosos (EV) 
Rates After Successful SVG Intervention 
• 1056 intervenções em EV bem-sucedidas 
n=1056 consecutive SVG interventions 
Normal CK-MB 
1-5x CK-MB 
>5x CK-MB 
P < 0.05 
P < 0.05 
• 47% had CK-MB rise, 
even after successful 
PCI 
• 15% had major CK-MB 
rise 
• Even minor CK-MB 
rise related to 
mortality increase 
• Patients with major 
CK-MB rise had 2.5x 
the mortality as those 
with normal CK-MB 
15% 11.7% 
Hong, et al., Circulation. 1999;100:2400-2405. 
53% 
4.8% 
32% 
6.5% 
60% 
50% 
40% 
30% 
20% 
10% 
0% 
Prevalence 1 Year Mortality 
• Pequeno 
aumento de CK-MB 
tem relação 
com aumento de 
mortalidade 
Hong, et al., Circulation. 1999;100:2400-2405.
Prevenção de No-Reflow em Intervenção 
em Enxertos Venosos 
• Vasodilatadores 
• “Undersized”stents 
• Baixas pressões de liberação 
• Trombectomia 
• Dispositivos de proteção para embolização distal
Embolic ProtDecistipoon sDiteivvicoess available in 
the US for SVG interventions in 2012 
Device Manufacturer Approval date 
Guardwire Medtronic 6/2001 
Filterwire Boston 
Scientific 
6/2003 
Spider ev3 6/2006
Dispositivos 
Oclusão / Aspiração 
• Guardwire 
Filtros 
• Filterwire 
• Spider
1. Guardwire 
1.Guardwire 
0.014 guidewire with distal balloon 
6 French 
NA 
2.5-5.0 and 3.0-6.0 
300 cm, 200 cm 
2.1 and 2.7 French 
≥20 mm 
Design 0.014 Guide catheter 6 French 
Design 0.014 guidewire with Pore distal size balloon 
NA 
Diameters 2.5-Length 300 Crossing profile 2.1 Landing zone ≥20 Guide catheter 6 French 
Pore size NA 
Diameters 2.5-5.0 and 3.0-6.0 
Length 300 cm, 200 cm 
Crossing profile 2.1 and 2.7 French 
Landing zone ≥20 mm
SAFER Trial 
Saphenous vein graft Angioplasty Free of 
Emboli Randomized 
801 pacientes com lesões em enxertos venosos 
Guardwire 
(n= 406) 
Sem proteção 
(n = 395) 
• Não-inferioridade
SAFER Trial 
The Trial 
Saphenous vein graft Angioplasty Free of Emboli 
Application of the ® System 
Randomized 
A. Lesion crossed with GuardWire® 
B. GuardWire® balloon inflated and 
intervention performed under 
Lesion crossed with GuardWire® 
B. GuardWire® balloon inflated and 
intervention performed under 
The SAFER Trial 
Application of the GuardWire® System
The SAFER Trial 
Use Use of GuardWireof GuardWire® System 
® System 
Export® Aspiration catheter 
D. GuardWire® balloon Export® Aspiration catheter 
D. GuardWire® balloon deflated
Desfechos em 30 dias 
SAFER: Primary Endpoint 
42% redução relativa MACE em 30 dias 
1.2 
3.2 
7.4 
9.6 8.6 
8.3 
13.7 
1.3 
14.7 
16.5 
20 
15 
10 
5 
0 
With Protection n = 406 Without Protection n = 395 
p = 0.005 
p = 0.04 
p = 0.008 
p = 1.0 
p = 0.004 
Percent MACE 
30 Day Outcomes 
30 Day All Q-wave Non No-reflow 
MACE MI MI Q-wave MI 
42% relative reduction in MACE
GuGauradrwdwiriree TTiippss aanndd T rTicrkicsk s 
• 7Fr system can increase back-up support 
• Prep carefully 
Do a 
“d 
u 
mmy ” inflatiohn out of te body 
• If tortuosity prox or distal may need to cross 
with a 
“b 
u 
ddy wire” first (rare) 
• Inflate at least 30mm distal to lesion 
• Inflate at a location where the Ref Vessel 
Diameter is steady 
Diameter does not adapt to vessel size 
• Test to verify graft occlusion 
• Work fast but keep device in FIXED position 
• Flush aspiration system and use for distal 
delivery of vasodilators (as needed)
Guardwire Tips and Tricks 
• Lesões abordadas devem ter pelo menos 5mm 
de distância do óstio e >20 mm de distância 
da anastomose distal
2. Filterwire 
2.Filterwire 
2.Filterwire 
Design Polyurethane filter basket 
Guide catheter 6 French 
Pore size 110 μm 
Diameters 2.25-3.5 and 3.5-5.5 
Length 300 cm, 190 cm 
Crossing profile 3.2 French 
Landing zone >25 mm (2.25) or >30 mm (3.5) 
Design Polyurethane filter basket 
profile 3.2 Landing zone >25 Design Polyurethane Guide catheter 6 Pore Guide catheter 6 French 
Pore size 110 μm 
Diameters 2.25-3.5 and 3.5-5.5 
Length 300 cm, 190 cm 
Crossing profile 3.2 French 
Landing zone >25 mm (2.25) or >30 mm (3.5) 
size 110 Diameters 2.25-Length 300 Crossing
FilterWire EX Randomized Evaluation 
(FIRE) 
651 pacientes com lesões em enxertos venosos 
Filterwire 
(n= 332) 
Guardwire 
(n = 319) 
• Não-inferioridade
Desfechos em 30 dias 
FilterWire EX Randomized Evaluation (FIRE) 
p = 0.99 
p = 0.53 
p = 0.69 
p = 0.99 
p = 0.49 
Percent MACE 
30 Day Outcomes 
30 Day All Q-wave Non Death 
MACE MI MI Q-wave MI 
Stone et al. CircSutloantieo ent 2a0l. 0C3ir;c1u0la8t:i5o4n8 2-500533; 108:548-553
Filterwire Tips and Tricks 
Filterwire Tips and Tricks 
• Steeinr wr e ad advance “en bloc” 
wire+filter 
• KEEP IT FIXED DURING CATHETER 
EXCHANGES 
• If slow flow post-stent do manual 
aspiration – if slow flow persists remove 
filter 
• Do not use buddy wires (increased risk for 
entrapment) 
• May have difficulty advancing retrieval 
catheter: important to have bent-tip 
retrieval catheter and good guide support
FilterWire Tips and Tricks 
• Assegurar distância > 2.5 cm entre a lesão e a 
anastomose distal do enxerto 
• Liberar o dispositivo FilterWire em segmento 
sem tortuosidade (>2cm) 
• Assegurar aposição do filtro antes da 
angioplastia
3. SPIDER 
3. SPIDER 
3. Spider 
Retrieval 
Retrieval 
Retrieval 
Design Nitinol mesh-with Design Nitinol mesh-filter / coated 
Design Nitinol mesh-filter / coated 
with heparin 
with heparin 
Guide catheter 6 French 
Pore size 70 μm distal end, 165 μm 
Guide catheter 6 French 
Pore size 70 μm distal end, 165 μm 
mid, 200 μm proximal end 
mid, 200 μm proximal end 
Diameters 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 
Length 320 can convert to 190 cm 
Crossing profile 3.2 French 
Landing zone ≥40-50 mm 
heparin 
Guide catheter 6 French 
Pore size 70 μm distal mid, 200 μm Diameters 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 
Diameters 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 
Length 320 can convert to 190 cm 
Crossing profile 3.2 French 
Landing zone ≥40-50 mm 
Length 320 can convert Crossing profile 3.2 French 
Landing zone ≥40-50 mm
SPIDER: Saphenous Vein Graft Protection In 
a Distal Embolic Protection Randomized 
Trial 
732 pacientes com lesões em enxertos venosos 
SPIDER 
(n= 375) 
Filterwire ou 
Guardwire 
(n = 357) 
• Não-inferioridade
SDPeIDsEfeRc: hPorismeamry 3E0n ddpiaosint 
p = 0.79 for superiority 
P=0.012 for non-inferiority 
Percent MACE 
30 Day Outcomes 
30 Day All Q-wave Non Death 
MACE MI MI Q-wave MI 
Dixon and O’Neill, TCT 2005
Spider Tips and Tricks 
Spider Tips and Tricks 
• Can cross lesion using any 0.014 
guidewire 
• Wire can shorten from 320 cm to 190 
cm by breaking it 
• Yellow wire color 
• Reverse end of delivery sheath 
serves as retrieval sheath
Filtros X Dispositivos de Oclusão 
Vantagens 
• Preservam o fluxo 
anterógrado 
• É possível contrastar a 
imagem durante o 
procedimento 
• Lesões ostiais 
• Simples de usar 
Desvantagens 
• Podem não capturar todos os 
debris 
• Dificuldade em verificar os debris 
capturados durante o 
procedimento 
• Possibilidade de oclusão do filtro 
• Embolização antes da liberação 
do filtro 
• Recolhimento pode lesar os 
stents
Problemas 
• Cruzar a lesão com o dispositivo 
• Lesões próximas a bifurcações 
• No reflow mesmo com dispositivo de proteção 
• Lesões distais 
• Aprisionamento do filtro na malha do stent
Recomendações 
• Gu2id0e1lin1e A PCCI CAC/AC/HAHAA P 2C01I1 Guidelines 
Embolic protection devices 
(EPDs) should be used during 
saphenous vein graft PCI when 
technically feasible 
I IIa IIb III 
B
Recomendações 
• GuideliEnSeC R/EeAvCaTsScu relavraiszcautliaorniz aEtSioCn 2g0ui1d0elines 2010 
Wijns et al. EHJ 2010 
SAFER 
FIRE 
PROXIMAL

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Dispositivos de proteção distal

  • 1. Dispositivos de Proteção para Embolização Distal Apresentação: R1 Cristina Silveira
  • 2. Base Teórica • Embolização de debris da placa de ateroma é uma das principais causas de no reflow e elevação de biomarcadores após ACTP. • Os dispositivos de proteção podem minimizar as consequenciais da embolização distal melhorando resultados.
  • 3. Aumento de CK-MB após ACTP com sucesso em CK-MB Rise in SVG Interventions Enxertos Venosos (EV) Rates After Successful SVG Intervention • 1056 intervenções em EV bem-sucedidas n=1056 consecutive SVG interventions Normal CK-MB 1-5x CK-MB >5x CK-MB P < 0.05 P < 0.05 • 47% had CK-MB rise, even after successful PCI • 15% had major CK-MB rise • Even minor CK-MB rise related to mortality increase • Patients with major CK-MB rise had 2.5x the mortality as those with normal CK-MB 15% 11.7% Hong, et al., Circulation. 1999;100:2400-2405. 53% 4.8% 32% 6.5% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Prevalence 1 Year Mortality • Pequeno aumento de CK-MB tem relação com aumento de mortalidade Hong, et al., Circulation. 1999;100:2400-2405.
  • 4. Prevenção de No-Reflow em Intervenção em Enxertos Venosos • Vasodilatadores • “Undersized”stents • Baixas pressões de liberação • Trombectomia • Dispositivos de proteção para embolização distal
  • 5. Embolic ProtDecistipoon sDiteivvicoess available in the US for SVG interventions in 2012 Device Manufacturer Approval date Guardwire Medtronic 6/2001 Filterwire Boston Scientific 6/2003 Spider ev3 6/2006
  • 6. Dispositivos Oclusão / Aspiração • Guardwire Filtros • Filterwire • Spider
  • 7. 1. Guardwire 1.Guardwire 0.014 guidewire with distal balloon 6 French NA 2.5-5.0 and 3.0-6.0 300 cm, 200 cm 2.1 and 2.7 French ≥20 mm Design 0.014 Guide catheter 6 French Design 0.014 guidewire with Pore distal size balloon NA Diameters 2.5-Length 300 Crossing profile 2.1 Landing zone ≥20 Guide catheter 6 French Pore size NA Diameters 2.5-5.0 and 3.0-6.0 Length 300 cm, 200 cm Crossing profile 2.1 and 2.7 French Landing zone ≥20 mm
  • 8. SAFER Trial Saphenous vein graft Angioplasty Free of Emboli Randomized 801 pacientes com lesões em enxertos venosos Guardwire (n= 406) Sem proteção (n = 395) • Não-inferioridade
  • 9. SAFER Trial The Trial Saphenous vein graft Angioplasty Free of Emboli Application of the ® System Randomized A. Lesion crossed with GuardWire® B. GuardWire® balloon inflated and intervention performed under Lesion crossed with GuardWire® B. GuardWire® balloon inflated and intervention performed under The SAFER Trial Application of the GuardWire® System
  • 10. The SAFER Trial Use Use of GuardWireof GuardWire® System ® System Export® Aspiration catheter D. GuardWire® balloon Export® Aspiration catheter D. GuardWire® balloon deflated
  • 11. Desfechos em 30 dias SAFER: Primary Endpoint 42% redução relativa MACE em 30 dias 1.2 3.2 7.4 9.6 8.6 8.3 13.7 1.3 14.7 16.5 20 15 10 5 0 With Protection n = 406 Without Protection n = 395 p = 0.005 p = 0.04 p = 0.008 p = 1.0 p = 0.004 Percent MACE 30 Day Outcomes 30 Day All Q-wave Non No-reflow MACE MI MI Q-wave MI 42% relative reduction in MACE
  • 12. GuGauradrwdwiriree TTiippss aanndd T rTicrkicsk s • 7Fr system can increase back-up support • Prep carefully Do a “d u mmy ” inflatiohn out of te body • If tortuosity prox or distal may need to cross with a “b u ddy wire” first (rare) • Inflate at least 30mm distal to lesion • Inflate at a location where the Ref Vessel Diameter is steady Diameter does not adapt to vessel size • Test to verify graft occlusion • Work fast but keep device in FIXED position • Flush aspiration system and use for distal delivery of vasodilators (as needed)
  • 13. Guardwire Tips and Tricks • Lesões abordadas devem ter pelo menos 5mm de distância do óstio e >20 mm de distância da anastomose distal
  • 14. 2. Filterwire 2.Filterwire 2.Filterwire Design Polyurethane filter basket Guide catheter 6 French Pore size 110 μm Diameters 2.25-3.5 and 3.5-5.5 Length 300 cm, 190 cm Crossing profile 3.2 French Landing zone >25 mm (2.25) or >30 mm (3.5) Design Polyurethane filter basket profile 3.2 Landing zone >25 Design Polyurethane Guide catheter 6 Pore Guide catheter 6 French Pore size 110 μm Diameters 2.25-3.5 and 3.5-5.5 Length 300 cm, 190 cm Crossing profile 3.2 French Landing zone >25 mm (2.25) or >30 mm (3.5) size 110 Diameters 2.25-Length 300 Crossing
  • 15.
  • 16. FilterWire EX Randomized Evaluation (FIRE) 651 pacientes com lesões em enxertos venosos Filterwire (n= 332) Guardwire (n = 319) • Não-inferioridade
  • 17. Desfechos em 30 dias FilterWire EX Randomized Evaluation (FIRE) p = 0.99 p = 0.53 p = 0.69 p = 0.99 p = 0.49 Percent MACE 30 Day Outcomes 30 Day All Q-wave Non Death MACE MI MI Q-wave MI Stone et al. CircSutloantieo ent 2a0l. 0C3ir;c1u0la8t:i5o4n8 2-500533; 108:548-553
  • 18. Filterwire Tips and Tricks Filterwire Tips and Tricks • Steeinr wr e ad advance “en bloc” wire+filter • KEEP IT FIXED DURING CATHETER EXCHANGES • If slow flow post-stent do manual aspiration – if slow flow persists remove filter • Do not use buddy wires (increased risk for entrapment) • May have difficulty advancing retrieval catheter: important to have bent-tip retrieval catheter and good guide support
  • 19. FilterWire Tips and Tricks • Assegurar distância > 2.5 cm entre a lesão e a anastomose distal do enxerto • Liberar o dispositivo FilterWire em segmento sem tortuosidade (>2cm) • Assegurar aposição do filtro antes da angioplastia
  • 20. 3. SPIDER 3. SPIDER 3. Spider Retrieval Retrieval Retrieval Design Nitinol mesh-with Design Nitinol mesh-filter / coated Design Nitinol mesh-filter / coated with heparin with heparin Guide catheter 6 French Pore size 70 μm distal end, 165 μm Guide catheter 6 French Pore size 70 μm distal end, 165 μm mid, 200 μm proximal end mid, 200 μm proximal end Diameters 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Length 320 can convert to 190 cm Crossing profile 3.2 French Landing zone ≥40-50 mm heparin Guide catheter 6 French Pore size 70 μm distal mid, 200 μm Diameters 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Diameters 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Length 320 can convert to 190 cm Crossing profile 3.2 French Landing zone ≥40-50 mm Length 320 can convert Crossing profile 3.2 French Landing zone ≥40-50 mm
  • 21. SPIDER: Saphenous Vein Graft Protection In a Distal Embolic Protection Randomized Trial 732 pacientes com lesões em enxertos venosos SPIDER (n= 375) Filterwire ou Guardwire (n = 357) • Não-inferioridade
  • 22. SDPeIDsEfeRc: hPorismeamry 3E0n ddpiaosint p = 0.79 for superiority P=0.012 for non-inferiority Percent MACE 30 Day Outcomes 30 Day All Q-wave Non Death MACE MI MI Q-wave MI Dixon and O’Neill, TCT 2005
  • 23. Spider Tips and Tricks Spider Tips and Tricks • Can cross lesion using any 0.014 guidewire • Wire can shorten from 320 cm to 190 cm by breaking it • Yellow wire color • Reverse end of delivery sheath serves as retrieval sheath
  • 24. Filtros X Dispositivos de Oclusão Vantagens • Preservam o fluxo anterógrado • É possível contrastar a imagem durante o procedimento • Lesões ostiais • Simples de usar Desvantagens • Podem não capturar todos os debris • Dificuldade em verificar os debris capturados durante o procedimento • Possibilidade de oclusão do filtro • Embolização antes da liberação do filtro • Recolhimento pode lesar os stents
  • 25. Problemas • Cruzar a lesão com o dispositivo • Lesões próximas a bifurcações • No reflow mesmo com dispositivo de proteção • Lesões distais • Aprisionamento do filtro na malha do stent
  • 26. Recomendações • Gu2id0e1lin1e A PCCI CAC/AC/HAHAA P 2C01I1 Guidelines Embolic protection devices (EPDs) should be used during saphenous vein graft PCI when technically feasible I IIa IIb III B
  • 27. Recomendações • GuideliEnSeC R/EeAvCaTsScu relavraiszcautliaorniz aEtSioCn 2g0ui1d0elines 2010 Wijns et al. EHJ 2010 SAFER FIRE PROXIMAL