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THE BEST PRACTICE GUIDE TO:

Arc Flash Labeling
A Graphic Products Library Resource

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ARC FLASH LABELING
The following pages help explain how to label your facility for arc flash hazard safety and compliance. The goal is
to ensure arc flash labeling provides maximum safety for workers, emergency responders, and others who must
enter your facility. The standards described come from a combination of NFPA 70E-2012, IEEE 1584-2002 and
ANSI Z535-2011 standards. We encourage readers to research these standards for further information.

TOOLS ......................................................................................................................pg 1
Learn what labeling tools are required for arc flash labeling and about
other tools that will aid in compliance.

DEFINITIONS...................................................................................................... pg 3
Learn what an arc flash is and what potential hazards it may pose to
employees and bystanders.
What is an Arc Flash?
Definitions of Terms

EVALUATION - FACILITY INSPECTION ....................................... pg 5
Find out what needs to be evaluated in a facility.
Elements of an Inspection
Qualifying Electrical Equipment

23
pg

LABEL CREATION ........................................................................................... pg 7
Why is it important to know what an
arc flash is?

Learn what is required on labels, when to use a Danger label instead of a
Warning label, and how to print arc flash labels.
Signal Word Usage
Required Information
Arc Flash Label Elements
Canadian Arc Flash Labeling
Understanding Arc Flash PPE
Necessary Equipment and Supplies
Label Creation Steps

LABEL PLACEMENT .................................................................................. pg 12
Proper placement of arc flash labels will increase worker safety and
improve overall workflow.
Placement of Labels
Removing Old Labels

LABEL MAINTENANCE ............................................................................ pg 13
Learn how to extend the life of arc flash labels.

TAGOUT............................................................................................................... pg 15
Procedures for proper arc flash tagout.

pg

7

When should a DANGER label be used?
When should a WARNING label be used?

ARC FLASH INFORMATION GUIDE ................................................. pg 16
A brief overview of the data that is required on arc flash labels for NFPA
70E compliance.

The information presented in this document was obtained from sources that we deem reliable; Graphic Products, Inc. has made every effort to ensure this
information is correct. However, we do not guarantee accuracy or completeness. Graphic Products, Inc. makes no representations or warranties of any kind,
express or implied. Information in this document is subject to change without notice. Graphic Products, Inc. disclaims liability for injury, damages, or loss of
any kind arising from the use of this document whether in contract, tort, under statute, or otherwise. No reliance should be placed on information contained
in, implied by or inferred from this document. Users of this document should consult municipal, state, and federal code and/or verify all information with the
appropriate regulatory agency.
TOOLS
The recommended tools and equipment involved with Arc Flash labeling projects include:
• Technical or safety information regarding equipment to be labeled
• Computer with Windows 2000 or newer
◦ For mobile printing use DuraLabel Toro, or a laptop or DuraLabel MPS 150 XL with a DuraLabel PRO Series printer
and battery
• Word processing software or DuraSuite™ Software (included free with DuraLabel desktop printers)
• DuraLabel symbol and template library
• DuraLabel desktop printer (visit DuraLabel.com for a complete list of label printers)
• DuraLabel arc flash labeling supplies (many label sizes available)
◦ Die-cut preprinted DANGER header labels (up to 8.8" x 12.8")
◦ Die-cut preprinted WARNING header labels (up to 8.8" x 12.8")
◦ Die-cut preprinted CAUTION header labels (up to 8.8" x 12.8")
◦ Optional language preprinted header supplies in Spanish or French:
∙ Die-cut preprinted PELIGRO header labels (up to 8.8" x 12.8")
∙ Die-cut preprinted ADVERTENCIA header labels (up to 8.8" x 12.8")
∙ Die-cut preprinted AVERTISSEMENT header labels (up to 8.8" x 12.8")
◦ Two-color striped vinyl (up to 9" tall)
◦ DuraLabel premium thermal transfer ribbon
• Supplies and equipment to clean/prepare surfaces for labeling
◦ Putty knife or razor blade
◦ Isopropyl alcohol

Graphic Products is one of the few to provide NFPA 70E-2012
compliant software with DuraLabel desktop printers.

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“Printing arc flash labels with the DuraLabel PRO 300 is a huge
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Wayfinding
DEFINITIONS
To know the risks, it’s helpful to know the language. Here are some widely used terms used in communicating arc flash hazards.

What is an Arc Flash?
An arc flash is a rapid, explosive discharge of electrical
energy that usually results from a short circuit fault.
Metal vaporized by the 5,000+ degree temperatures of an
arc flash produces a high-temperature plasma. A shockwave blast can propel metal shrapnel at high velocities
in many directions. An arc flash can occur in very little
time. Explosions have been known to occur in as little
as 1/1000 of a second. The event is unexpected, violent,
and deadly.

The potential for injury can be reduced using various
electrical safety tools and techniques. Remote breaker
racking, remote door opening and closing, and wearing
the proper personal protective equipment (PPE) all offer
improved safety. A key element in any arc flash safety
program is good visual communication. Using labels and
signs to warn workers, emergency responders, and others
of a potential arc flash hazard is critical safety information
and saves lives.

Ensure your facility follows the latest standards to provide maximum safety around equipment and other electrical hazards.

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DEFINITIONS
Definitions of Terms (from NFPA 70E, 2012 Edition)
The following terms are frequently found on arc flash labels and signs.
Nominal System Voltage (NSV): The NSV is normally the
voltage required by the largest loads in a system. Common
industrial values are 120, 208, 220, and 480 volts. This
measurement can be VAC or VDC and required by 2012
NFPA 70E (130.5(C)) to be displayed on arc flash labeling.
Arc Flash Boundary: The arc flash boundary is the distance
at which a person is likely to receive a second degree burn
if an arc flash were to occur. The onset of a second degree
burn is possible when the skin receives 1.2 cal/cm2 of
incident energy. (Calculations based on 2012 NFPA 70E
Annex D.7.5.) This measurement is required by 2012 NFPA
70E (130.5(C)) to be displayed on arc flash labeling.
Available Incident Energy at a Working Distance:
This is the energy per unit area on a surface located at the
normal working distance from the potential arc fault. The
incident energy is most commonly measured in units of
calories per square centimeter. Second degree burns occur
at an energy level of approximately 1.2 cal/cm2.
Required Level of PPE: The Personal Protective
Equipment required is dependent on the incident energy
at every point a person may perform work on energized
equipment. An electrical engineer or other qualified person
should cover all parts of the body that may be exposed
to an arc flash. This could include boots, gloves, flameresistant clothing, safety glasses, etc.

Hazard Risk Category (HRC): A general classification
of hazard involved in performing specified tasks. HRC
typically ranges from zero to four, with zero denoting
minimum-risk activities and four denoting high-risk
activities. NFPA provides a recommended list of PPE for
each HRC in Table 130.7. HRC levels are not associated
with a specific measurement of cal/cm2 by NFPA, but
rather a defined list of PPE.
Shock Protection Boundary (Not Required):
• Limited Approach Boundary (Annex C.1.1 and C.1.2.2)
This boundary may only be crossed by a qualified person.
An unqualified person, wearing appropriate PPE may cross
if accompanied by a qualified person. Becoming qualified
requires special training.
• Restricted Approach Boundary (Annex C.1.2.3)
This boundary may only be crossed by a qualified person
that has a documented plan approved by authorized
management and uses adequate shock prevention
equipment and techniques.
• Prohibited Approach Boundary (Annex C.1.2.4)
This boundary may only be crossed by a qualified person
that has the same level of protection required for direct
contact with live parts.

Arc Flash Boundary
Limited Approach Boundary
Limited Space
Restricted Approach Boundary
Restricted Space
Any point on an exposed, energized electrical conductor or circuit part
Prohibited Space
Prohibited Approach Boundary

Limits of approach (NFPA 70E-2012)
As the distance between a person and the exposed energized conductors or circuit
parts decreases, the potential for electrical accidents increases. The NFPA defines
four boundaries around an arc flash fault.

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4
EVALUATION – FACILITY INSPECTION
Conduct an inspection of your facility to determine the need for new and replacement arc flash labels.

Elements of an Inspection
General facility inspections are not just voluntary,
OSHA requires employers to assess hazards in the
workplace.

When evaluating your facility, pay attention to:
• Existing labels
◦ Are they still legible? (Damaged, deteriorated, etc.)
◦ Are they accurate? (Proper calculations, boundaries,
PPE, etc.)
• Equipment without labels
• New equipment
◦ Does the new equipment pose an arc flash danger?
◦ Have boundaries been calculated?
• Areas where maintenance has been performed
• Traffic areas

OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132(d)(2)
The employer shall verify that the required workplace
hazard assessment has been performed through
a written certification that identifies the workplace
evaluated; the person certifying that the evaluation
has been performed; the date(s) of the hazard
assessment; and, which identifies the document as a
certification of hazard assessment.
Recording the information listed will help you meet this
OSHA requirement in your facility.

• Areas from which people should be excluded because of
arc flash hazard

Also be sure to note the date of your last arc flash analysis.
NFPA 70E Article 130.5 states you must re-evaluate an
arc flash analysis at least every five years or whenever a
major modification or renovation occurs. If you discover
a change during your re-evaluation, a new analysis must
be performed and your labels will need to be changed to
reflect the new measurements.
There are a number of calculation methods available to
help you determine arc flash boundaries. IEEE 15842002 and NFPA 70E-2012 are the most popularly used.
IEEE 1584 is generally accepted as the recommended
method for most arc flash analysis calculations because
of its comprehensiveness. The NFPA 70E version is
easier to use and offers quick references to predefined
articles and tables. Having both guides to reference,
however, is always going to be the best option. This way
you have the largest number of options available to suit
individual needs.
Incident energy is a calculation that determines the
radiated heat falling on the surface, produced by an
arcing fault. Although no single method can fully

calculate an arc flash hazard, it is recommended that
IEEE 1584-2002 be used as the primary calculation
method, especially for determining flash protection
boundaries. IEEE 1584, “Guide For Performing Arc
Flash Hazard Calculations,” provides the equations and
methods used to calculate the incident energy level a
worker could be exposed to in a measurement of
cal/cm2. If IEEE 1584 is not available in your facility,
then the NFPA 70E-2012 is the next best option.
Tables 130.7(C)(15)(a) and 130.7(C)(16) from NFPA
70E-2012 are popular references for determining exposure
levels and required PPE. However, these tables are
based on assumptions using engineering principles about
electrical systems. Each table includes notes to help you
determine whether an electrical system falls within the
engineering principles described. At a minimum, electrical
equipment carrying 50 volts or higher should always
display a label with OSHA-required information. OSHA
29 CFR§1910.303 requires employers to mark electrical
equipment with descriptive markings, including the
equipment’s voltage, current, wattage, or other ratings
as necessary.

NOTE: Arc flash calculation is not an exact science. Always use caution and multiple methods to verify results.

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EVALUATION
Qualifying Electrical Equipment
IEEE 1584-2002
IEEE 1584 states that, “Equipment with less than
240 volts need not be considered unless it involves at
least one 125 kVA (kilo-volt-amps) or a larger lowimpedance transformer in its immediate power supply.”
The same guide also states that an “arc-flash hazard
need only be considered for large 208 volt systems.
Systems fed by transformers smaller than 125 kVA
should not be a concern.”
The prevailing interpretation of IEEE 1584: An arc
flash analysis shall be performed on equipment with
208 volts or greater and fed by a transformer with 125
kVA and greater.
Keep in mind, these standards are considered the bare
minimum for facility safety and many organizations
supersede IEEE 1584 standards. Commonly used,
self-imposed standards, require analyzing and labeling
equipment with 208 volts or greater and fed by a
transformer with 75 kVA and greater.
NFPA 70E-2012
The 2012 NFPA 70E standards identify five specific types
of electrical equipment requiring arc flash labeling. The
equipment identified is not located in dwellings, meets
the minimum IEEE 1584 requirements for an arc flash
analysis and is likely to require examination, at the very
least, while energized.
Newly specified pieces of electrical equipment include:
• Switches

Equipment Research
Always wear the highest level of PPE your equipment may
potentially require while researching equipment. For many
facilities, this means wearing a 40-calorie arc rated suit,
hearing protection, and arc rated gloves while performing
examinations. Start by photographing each potential piece
of equipment that is a candidate for an analysis. Then
document its voltage and facility location onto a copy of
your facility’s blueprints or map.
If a piece of equipment isn’t labeled with voltage, the
primary voltage may be labeled on the back or elsewhere
on the equipment. If the voltage isn’t provided on the
equipment, research your facility’s single-line-drawings
and other electrical documentation. Many times, this
information will tell you what voltage each piece of
equipment is carrying. Once you know the primary voltage
for each piece of equipment, you can eliminate equipment
carrying less than 208 volts from your list.
To determine a transformer’s size, examine the nameplate
on the transformer’s housing. If a nameplate is not visible,
you will need to contact the transformer manufacturer or
seek the assistance of a qualified electrical professional. The
transformer manufacturer will often be able to identify the
exact transformer size by supplying them with a picture of
the transformer and its dimensions.
Attempting to reverse-engineer a transformer installation
can be difficult work. The original engineer probably
incorporated many variables into the system design.
Simple inspections and calculations may not account
for all of these unknowns. Only a qualified electrical
professional should research a transformer with no
nameplate or manufacturer identification.

• Switchboards
• Panelboards
• Industrial control panels
• Meter socket enclosures
• Motor control centers

The equipment listed in the NFPA 70E-2012 is provided
as an example of commonly used electrical equipment.
Similar pieces of equipment meeting the NFPA/IEEE
qualifications would require the same treatment.
Nameplates provide transformer size
and voltage information to help qualify
equipment for analysis and labeling.

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6
LABEL CREATION
2012 NFPA 70E now requires arc flash labels to display a list of defined information. These new requirements help bring uniformity to
arc flash labeling so similar information is used to describe this hazard throughout the U.S.

Signal Word Usage
In most arc flash labeling, a Danger or Warning signal
word is used to describe this hazard. Exceptions are
when an overriding federal, state or local code, standard,
regulation, or guideline specifies a different signal word
from what ANSI specifies. ANSI defines how each word
should be used (ANSI Z535.4-2011§4.14.2 and §4.14.3).
The Danger signal word is reserved for, “... a hazardous
situation that, if not avoided, will result in death or
serious injury. The signal word is to be limited to the most
extreme situations.” The Warning signal word is reserved
for, “a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could
result in death or serious injury.”
Generally, arc flash locations presenting a hazardous
situation that, if not avoided, will result in death or serious
injury, are also locations where no known PPE exists to
safely work while equipment is energized. Organizations
may wish to use the maximum level of PPE available,
generally greater than 40 calories, to set this as their
cut-off for Danger. As an example, if a facility can only
provide workers with PPE rated for a maximum of 50
calories, that would be the cut-off. Danger labels, in this

example, would be reserved for use at arc flash locations
where greater than 50 calories of incident energy are
possible. The Warning signal word would then only be
used at arc flash locations where 50 calories or less are
possible. The Caution signal word is also an option,
but should only be used where an arc flash analysis
determined there is no risk of death. Therefore, Caution
signs should only be displayed at locations where an arc
flash is not possible.
Each signal word uses a specific color scheme when
displayed on an arc flash label. The Danger signal word is
white on a red background. Warning is black on an orange
background and Caution is black on a yellow background.
ANSI Z535
The NFPA relies on many of the same design standards
as OSHA and similar agencies for safety labeling. ANSI
Z535 sets these standards to bring uniformity to all
labeling and improve recognition by workers, emergency
responders, and anyone else who must easily identify what
a label means from a safe distance.

Required Information
Arc flash labels should alert workers to the seriousness of the hazard and clearly state the information necessary to safely
work inside and around an arc flash boundary. Use the appropriate signal word in the label’s signal word panel when
identifying equipment meeting IEEE 1584 analysis requirements.
2012 NFPA 70E requires labels to display the following:
1. Nominal system voltage
2. Arc flash boundary
3. At least one of the following:
a. Available incident energy and the corresponding
working distance
b. Minimum arc rating of clothing
c. Required level of PPE
d. Highest Hazard/Risk Category (HRC) for
the equipment
NOTE: Labels applied prior to September 30, 2011, are acceptable if they contain the available incident energy or required level of PPE.

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LABEL CREATION
Arc Flash Label Elements
In addition to signal word requirements, ANSI Z535.4 sets standards for general label design elements used in arc flash
Danger, Warning, and Caution labeling. The following design elements are required by ANSI Z535.4 standards:
Safety Alert Symbol
The triangle/exclamation point symbol. The safety alert
symbol must precede the signal word and the base shall
be on the same horizontal line as the base of signal
word letters. The height of the symbol shall be equal
to or exceed the signal word letter height. For Danger,
the triangle shall be filled with white and have a red
exclamation mark inside. The triangle on a Warning
label shall be filled with black and contain an orange
exclamation mark. Caution labels shall have an all black
triangle with a yellow exclamation mark.

DANGER

Non-Compliant Arc Flash Label Design
Since a message panel is required, all red Danger signs and
tags and all orange Warning signs and tags are no longer
compliant with NFPA and ANSI standards.*
*

ANSI.4-2011, §7.3

Signal Word Panel

Signal Word
Safety Alert Symbol
Message Panel

Signal Word Panel
The signal word panel is the colored panel the signal word
appears on. This panel always appears horizontally across
the top of the label. For Danger labels the panel shall be
red. For Warning the panel should be orange, and Caution
labels should have a yellow panel.
The position of the Safety Alert Symbol must be aligned
with the base of the Signal Word. The height of the
symbol should be equal to or exceed the letter height of
the associated Signal Word. Both the Safety Alert Symbol
and Signal Word should then be centered.
Message Panel
The message panel is the white or black background
beneath the signal word panel. The message panel in
an arc flash label is where the safety message, analysis
information, and PPE requirements are printed. The
message panel can be either black with white text or
white with black text. The white message panel is
recommended for most arc flash applications, since it is
generally easiest to see.

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An example of a non-compliant, all orange Warning arc flash label.

Canadian Arc Flash Labeling
(2012 CSA-Z462)
The Canadian Standards Association (CSA) bases many
of its own standards on the 2012 NFPA 70E. For the
most part, the two are very similar. The only difference
in labeling requirements is an additional requirement
to display the date of analysis. This means you only
need to include all of the required NFPA 70E-2012
labeling information and the date of analysis to comply
in Canada.
Although date of analysis is commonly displayed on
arc flash labels used in the U.S., it is not required by
the NFPA. The benefit of including this date on U.S.
arc flash labels is to inform workers how long its been
since an analysis has been completed. Workers can then
confirm the validity of the analysis by researching facility
electrical documentation and history, before exposing
themselves to the hazard.

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8
LABEL CREATION
Understanding Arc Flash PPE
One of the most important factors in arc flash labeling is its
relationship with arc flash PPE. Practically everything now
required by the NFPA 70E-2012 on labeling relates to PPE
selection. Ensure your facility has adequate PPE to safely
work on or around the equipment that must be analyzed. As
an employer, you have legal responsibilities to fulfill:
OSHA 29 CFR 1926.95(a)
“Protective equipment, including personal protective
equipment for eyes, face, head, and the extremities,
protective clothing, respiratory devices, and protective
shields and barriers, shall be provided, used, and maintained
in a sanitary and reliable condition wherever it is necessary
by reason of hazards of processes or environment, chemical
hazards, radiological hazards, or mechanical irritants
encountered in a manner capable of causing injury or
impairment in the function of any part of the body through
absorption, inhalation, or physical contact.”

OSHA 29 1926.416(a)(1)
“No employer shall permit an employee to work in such
proximity to any part of an electric power circuit that the
employee could contact the electric power circuit in the
course of work, unless the employee is protected against
electric shock by de-energizing the circuit and grounding it
or by guarding it effectively by insulation or other means.”
Layering PPE is a method the NFPA often promotes to
increase the protective resistance a piece of clothing has
against incident energy. Arc rated clothing can be grouped
by displaying multiple arc rated pieces on a label. As an
example, one of the most popularly used PPE in electrical
work is the “40 calorie suit.” Layering additional pieces
of arc rated clothing under this suit helps increase its
protective resistance so higher calorie equipment can be
safely worked on or around.

DuraLabel arc flash labels and DuraSuite software make compliance simple.

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LABEL CREATION
Necessary Equipment and Supplies
There are several options for obtaining needed arc flash
labels. If only a small number of labels are needed, they
can be ordered online at GraphicProducts.com/cls. If more
than a few labels are needed, it is more economical to use
a DuraLabel label printer and supplies.
DuraLabel PRO 300 offers an Arc Flash Package
providing commonly used arc flash labeling materials.
The DuraLabel Arc Flash Package includes:
• DuraLabel PRO 300 Printer and software package
• 2" Orange 3.0 mil Premium Vinyl Tape

This is a standard Arc Flash package. Package may be customized.
Call 877.534.5157 for details.

• 4" x 6" DANGER Arc Flash Die-Cuts (4 rolls)
• 4" x 6" WARNING Arc Flash Die-Cuts (4 rolls)
• 4.3" Black Standard Resin Ribbon (2 rolls)

In addition to 4" x 6" die-cuts, the following are available
for larger DuraLabel printers:

Substitute with indoor or outdoor grade:

• 6.8" x 10.5" DANGER Arc Flash Die-Cuts

• 4" x 6" DANGER Arc Flash Die-Cuts

• 6.8" x 10.5" WARNING Arc Flash Die-Cuts

• 4" x 6" WARNING Arc Flash Die-Cuts

• 8.8" x 12.8" DANGER Arc Flash Die-Cuts

• Spanish 4" x 6" DANGER Arc Flash Die-Cuts

• 8.8" x 12.8" WARNING Arc Flash Die-Cuts

• Spanish 4" x 6" WARNING Arc Flash Die-Cuts
• French 4" x 6" WARNING Arc Flash Die-Cuts

6.8" x 10.5" label

4" x 6" label

Use large labels when visibility from a distance is needed to keep workers at a safe distance when
entering a room or servicing equipment.

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10
LABEL CREATION
Label Creation Steps (DuraLabel printers)
There are three options for printing arc flash labels with a
DuraLabel printer. First, you can use the free DuraSuite™
software, bundled with any DuraLabel desktop printer.
DuraSuite makes it easy to ensure all NFPA 70E-2012
required information appears on your label. (A brief
overview of DuraSuite is shown at right.) Second, you
may wish to use third-party software with your DuraLabel
printer—DuraLabel printers offer compatibility with
SKM, ETAP®, EasyPower® and many others. If you are
considering purchasing third-party software to use with a
DuraLabel printer, contact us first to see if we have tested
it. We are continually testing new third-party software
with our printers. As a third option, you can create an
entirely custom arc flash label design using DuraSuite or
your own software. Your custom design can be printed
to DuraLabel Two-Color Vinyl Tape. These tapes are
available in each of the ANSI Z535.4 specified colors
(Danger - Red signal word stripe, Warning - Orange signal
word stripe, Caution - Yellow signal word stripe).
DuraLabel sign and label printers use industrial-grade
supplies, which are specifically designed to provide lasting
service in harsh conditions for either indoor or outdoor
applications. DuraLabel Outdoor die-cuts have been
specifically engineered to withstand outdoor environments,
including UV rays. Call a DuraLabel representative at
877.534.5157 to find out more.

DuraSuite Software: Quickly and easily print NFPA 70E-2012 compliant
arc flash labels with DuraLabel’s comprehensive arc flash software.

Label Creation Using Die-Cut Labels
1. Open the DuraSuite Labeling Software.
2. Select the Arc Flash module.
3. Select the label size you would like to create.
4. Fill in the data fields with your analysis information.
5. Load the appropriate size of label supply with desired
signal word.
6. Click the Print button.
Label Creation Using Continuous Vinyl
1. Open word processor.
2. Load the DuraLabel PRO 300 arc flash template.
This will format the page to the appropriate size.
3. Modify the template to include information that is
specific to this label such as boundary distance,
energy, and necessary PPE.

DuraLabel Two-Color striped vinyl comes in various widths. Custom sizes
are available. Call 877.534.5157.

4. Load the appropriate size of label supply with desired
signal word.
5. Print the label(s).

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LABEL PLACEMENT
It is critical labels are placed appropriately to be seen from normal approach and applied correctly for longevity.

Placement of Labels

knife. However, with strong adhesive labels such as those
provided by DuraLabel, this can be a labor intensive
process. Try using a heat gun to speed up the process.

Labels should be placed:
• On or close to the appropriate system or equipment.
• To be visible from the point of normal approach.

Removing Old Labels
When removing labels, use extreme caution. Labels may
be removed by carefully scraping them off with a putty

For some applications, a razor blade can be used to
quickly remove labels. The use of these types of tools
must take into consideration the type of surface the label
is applied to and whether that surface will be damaged.

Labels should be placed on or close to the appropriate system or equipment.

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12
LABEL MAINTENANCE
Labels should be properly maintained to ensure legibility and readability. Under normal conditions labels will last five to seven years.
Environmental conditions can result in a variance of label life-span.
Labels should be inspected periodically and replaced if
they are missing or have deteriorated beyond legibility.
Accumulation of debris, grease, oil, or other materials
should be cleaned off.
Labels are only useful if they are visible. DuraLabel offers
a wide selection of chemical-resistant supplies, therefore

solvents and cleaning agents may be used when necessary
to clean off dirt, grime, oil, etc. If cleaning is not possible
and the label is not readable, replace the existing label.
Set up a schedule to reevaluate your facility. Refer to the
section “Evaluation – Facility Inspection” of this guide
for help.

The DuraLabel PRO 300 is an economical
high-speed thermal transfer printer that quickly and
efficiently prints the arc flash labels you need!
Call 877.534.5157 or visit DuraLabel.com
Die-cut Warning Labels
Die-cut vinyl labels are
preprinted with an ANSIcompliant orange Warning
signal word. DuraLabel
proprietary software is designed
for use with these labels. Spanish
or French labels available.

Signal Word Stripe

Die-cut Danger Labels

Two-color vinyl features an
ANSI-compliant stripe for
printing arc flash labels.
Warning labels use an
orange stripe, Danger uses
a red stripe and Caution
uses a yellow stripe.

13

Die-cut vinyl labels
are preprinted with
a red Danger signal
word. DuraLabel
proprietary software
is designed for use
with these labels.
Spanish or French labels available.

877.534.5157

Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it

DuraLabel.com
Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it
TAGOUT
Tagging out arc flash hazards is one of the most effective safety measures you can use to protect workers and
others from accidental injuries. The tagout example procedure below is to be used as a reference only. Use this
procedure example to develop your own version.

Tagout example procedure* (lockout elements not included):
1. Provide all employees, and others who might be in
the area, with tagout safety instruction and explain its
significance. All persons installing tagout shall sign
their names and provide a date on the tag.
2. Inspect current diagrams, tags, labels and signs.
Identify and locate all circuit breakers and switches to
determine if power is interrupted by a physical break
and not de-energized by a circuit interlock. Create a
list of each to be tagged.
3. Inspect circuit breakers and switches to determine
adequacy of their interrupting ability. Determine if it
will be possible to verify a visible open point, or if
other precautions will be necessary.
4. Inspect other work activity to identify where and
how other personnel might be exposed to sources
of electrical energy hazards. Review other energy
sources in the physical area to determine employee
exposure to sources of other types of energy. Establish
energy control methods for control of other hazardous
energy sources in the area.
5. Test each phase conductor or circuit part with an
adequately rated voltage detector to verify they are deenergized. Test the voltage detector to ensure proper
operation.
6. Where the possibility of induced voltage or stored
electrical energy exists, create labels that call for
grounding the phase conductors or circuit parts before
touching them. Post these labels at visible locations
wherever this hazard exists. Where it could be
reasonably anticipated that contact with other exposed
energized conductors or circuit parts is possible,
create labels that call for applying ground connecting
devices. Post these labels at locations wherever this
hazard exists.

7. Notify employees a tagout system is going to be
implemented and explain the reason. A qualified
employee should lead this implementation. The leader
should be knowledgeable of the circuit breaker and
switches for all sources of electrical energy and the
location of all sources of stored energy as well as
hazards associated with electrical energy.
8. If the electrical supply is energized, the
implementation leader shall de-energize and
disconnect the electrical supply and relieve all stored
energy.
9. Tagout all disconnecting means with tagout devices.
Open, block or remove any additional circuit
elements.
10. Use a voltage-detecting instrument. Verify the
instrument is properly functioning before and after
testing for absence of voltage.
11. Where required, install a grounding device on the
phase conductors or circuit parts to eliminate induced
voltage or stored energy before touching them. Apply
devices rated for the available fault duty.
12. The equipment, electrical source or both are now
tagged out.

When tagouts are ready for removal:
1. Visually verify the job or task is complete. Remove all
tools, equipment and unused materials.
2. Notify all personnel involved that a tagout is complete
and the electrical supply is being restored. All workers
must stay clear of the equipment during startup.
3. Perform quality control tests or checks on repairs.
The person who installed the tagouts should then
remove tagouts.

NOTE: Employers must develop their own procedure based on the needs of their specific application.
*

Elements of this procedure are based on the NFPA’s minimum requirements (NFPA article 120.2) for electrical energy lockout/tagout procedure.
© 2011–2013 Graphic Products, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

15

877.534.5157

Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it

DuraLabel.com
ARC FLASH INFORMATION GUIDE
Requirements for Arc Flash Label Compliance
The 2012 edition of NFPA 70E requires labels used for specific applications to include standardized information
Electrical equipment such as switches, switchboards,
panelboards, industrial control panels, meter socket
enclosures, and motor control centers that are in other
than dwelling units and are likely to require examination,
adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized
must contain:
Requirement 1: Nominal system voltage
Requirement 2: Arc flash boundary
Requirement 3: At least one of the following:
a. Available incident energy and the corresponding working distance
b. Minimum arc rating of clothing
c. Required level of PPE
d. Highest Hazard/Risk Category (HRC) for the equipment
Method for calculating analysis data shall be documented.
NOTE: Labels applied prior to September 30, 2011, are acceptable if they contain the
available incident energy or required level of PPE.

Nominal System Voltage (NSV)
The NSV is normally the voltage required by the largest loads in a
system. Common industrial values are 120, 208, 220, and 480 volts.
This measurement can be VAC or VDC and is required by 2012 NFPA
70E (130.5(C)) to be displayed on arc flash labeling.

Arc Flash Boundary
The arc flash boundary is the distance at which a person is likely
to receive a second-degree burn. The onset of a second-degree
burn is possible when the skin receives 1.2 cal/cm2 of incident
energy. Calculations based on 2012 NFPA 70E Annex D.7.5. This
measurement is required by 2012 NFPA 70E (130.5(C)) to be
displayed on arc flash labeling.

Available Incident Energy at a Working Distance
This is the energy-per-unit area on a surface located at the normal
working distance from the potential arc fault. The incident energy is
most commonly measured in units of calories per square centimeter.
Second-degree burns occur at an energy level of approximately
1.2 cal/cm2. You have the option to display available incident energy
at a working distance to fulfill the third 2012 NFPA 70E labeling
requirement (130.5(C)), as indicated at top.

Minimum Arc Rating for Clothing
This measurement provides workers with the minimum PPE protection
necessary to perform work near an arc flash fault. The measurement
is provided in calories so a worker can easily match or exceed the arc
rating (calories) displayed on a piece of PPE or a combination of PPE
(layering). The arc rating for a particular piece of PPE clothing can be
obtained from a tag on the clothing or from the manufacturer. You
have the option to display minimum arc rating for clothing to fulfill the
third 2012 NFPA 70E labeling requirement (130.5(C)), as indicated at
top. Common practice is to avoid using this in combination with HRC.

Label example displays all fields available.

Required Level of PPE
The Personal Protective Equipment required is dependent on the
incident energy at every point a person may perform work on energized
equipment. An electrical engineer or other qualified person should
perform the calculations that determine the incident energy. The
appropriate PPE should cover all parts of the body that may be exposed
to an arc flash. If HRC is used, list the clothing as described in Table
130.7(C)(16). Otherwise, refer to Article 130.7. You have the option to
display required level of PPE to fulfill the third 2012 NFPA 70E labeling
requirement (130.5(C)), as indicated at top. Common practice is to
avoid using this in combination with Minimum Arc Rating for Clothing.

Hazard Risk Category (HRC)
A general classification of hazard involved in performing specified
tasks. HRC typically ranges from zero to four, with zero denoting
minimum-risk activities and four denoting high-risk activities. The
NFPA provides a recommended list of PPE for each HRC in Table
130.7. HRC levels are not associated with a specific measurement
of cal/cm2 by the NFPA, but rather a defined list of PPE. You have
the option to display hazard risk category to fulfill the third 2012
NFPA 70E labeling requirement (130.5(C)), as indicated at top.

Shock Protection Boundary (Not Required)
• Limited Approach Boundary (Annex C.1.1 and C.1.2.2)
This boundary may only be crossed by a qualified person. An
unqualified person, wearing appropriate PPE, may cross if
accompanied by a qualified person. Becoming qualified requires
special training.
• Restricted Approach Boundary (Annex C.1.2.3)
This boundary may only be crossed by a qualified person that has
a documented plan approved by authorized management and uses
adequate shock prevention equipment and techniques.
• Prohibited Approach Boundary (Annex C.1.2.4)
This boundary may only be crossed by a qualified person that has the
same level of protection required for direct contact with live parts.

NFPA 70E Article 130.5 states that an arc flash hazard analysis must be reviewed every five years or whenever a
major modification or renovation occurs.
This guide is for general information purposes only. It is not a substitute for review of applicable standards.
© 2005, 2008-2013 Graphic Products, Inc.

Over 50 supplies available to
meet your labeling needs!
DuraLabel sign and label printers are perfect for
printing any labels or signs you need for your facility!

DuraLabel.com

877.534.5157
Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it

16
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Optional accessories include a battery capable of
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Bpg arc flash

  • 1. THE BEST PRACTICE GUIDE TO: Arc Flash Labeling A Graphic Products Library Resource 877.534.5157 | DuraLabel.com | GraphicProducts.com
  • 3. ARC FLASH LABELING The following pages help explain how to label your facility for arc flash hazard safety and compliance. The goal is to ensure arc flash labeling provides maximum safety for workers, emergency responders, and others who must enter your facility. The standards described come from a combination of NFPA 70E-2012, IEEE 1584-2002 and ANSI Z535-2011 standards. We encourage readers to research these standards for further information. TOOLS ......................................................................................................................pg 1 Learn what labeling tools are required for arc flash labeling and about other tools that will aid in compliance. DEFINITIONS...................................................................................................... pg 3 Learn what an arc flash is and what potential hazards it may pose to employees and bystanders. What is an Arc Flash? Definitions of Terms EVALUATION - FACILITY INSPECTION ....................................... pg 5 Find out what needs to be evaluated in a facility. Elements of an Inspection Qualifying Electrical Equipment 23 pg LABEL CREATION ........................................................................................... pg 7 Why is it important to know what an arc flash is? Learn what is required on labels, when to use a Danger label instead of a Warning label, and how to print arc flash labels. Signal Word Usage Required Information Arc Flash Label Elements Canadian Arc Flash Labeling Understanding Arc Flash PPE Necessary Equipment and Supplies Label Creation Steps LABEL PLACEMENT .................................................................................. pg 12 Proper placement of arc flash labels will increase worker safety and improve overall workflow. Placement of Labels Removing Old Labels LABEL MAINTENANCE ............................................................................ pg 13 Learn how to extend the life of arc flash labels. TAGOUT............................................................................................................... pg 15 Procedures for proper arc flash tagout. pg 7 When should a DANGER label be used? When should a WARNING label be used? ARC FLASH INFORMATION GUIDE ................................................. pg 16 A brief overview of the data that is required on arc flash labels for NFPA 70E compliance. The information presented in this document was obtained from sources that we deem reliable; Graphic Products, Inc. has made every effort to ensure this information is correct. However, we do not guarantee accuracy or completeness. Graphic Products, Inc. makes no representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied. Information in this document is subject to change without notice. Graphic Products, Inc. disclaims liability for injury, damages, or loss of any kind arising from the use of this document whether in contract, tort, under statute, or otherwise. No reliance should be placed on information contained in, implied by or inferred from this document. Users of this document should consult municipal, state, and federal code and/or verify all information with the appropriate regulatory agency.
  • 4. TOOLS The recommended tools and equipment involved with Arc Flash labeling projects include: • Technical or safety information regarding equipment to be labeled • Computer with Windows 2000 or newer ◦ For mobile printing use DuraLabel Toro, or a laptop or DuraLabel MPS 150 XL with a DuraLabel PRO Series printer and battery • Word processing software or DuraSuite™ Software (included free with DuraLabel desktop printers) • DuraLabel symbol and template library • DuraLabel desktop printer (visit DuraLabel.com for a complete list of label printers) • DuraLabel arc flash labeling supplies (many label sizes available) ◦ Die-cut preprinted DANGER header labels (up to 8.8" x 12.8") ◦ Die-cut preprinted WARNING header labels (up to 8.8" x 12.8") ◦ Die-cut preprinted CAUTION header labels (up to 8.8" x 12.8") ◦ Optional language preprinted header supplies in Spanish or French: ∙ Die-cut preprinted PELIGRO header labels (up to 8.8" x 12.8") ∙ Die-cut preprinted ADVERTENCIA header labels (up to 8.8" x 12.8") ∙ Die-cut preprinted AVERTISSEMENT header labels (up to 8.8" x 12.8") ◦ Two-color striped vinyl (up to 9" tall) ◦ DuraLabel premium thermal transfer ribbon • Supplies and equipment to clean/prepare surfaces for labeling ◦ Putty knife or razor blade ◦ Isopropyl alcohol Graphic Products is one of the few to provide NFPA 70E-2012 compliant software with DuraLabel desktop printers. 1 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it DuraLabel.com
  • 5. “Printing arc flash labels with the DuraLabel PRO 300 is a huge time saver and a real joy over the way we used to do it.” —MICHAEL, Electrical Engineer, Engineering Design Firm DuraLabel PRO 300 Safety Label & Sign System m From energy to aerospace, from military to transportation, thousands of sportation, facilities trust DuraLabel for safety labels and signs. igns. Increase efficiency, improve safety, maintain compliance, and save money money mpliance, n with DuraLabel. Property Tags Pipe Markers IIAR Pipe Markers SAVE RTK Labels with the Arc Flash DUO Kit print on 1/2" to 9" tape widths with this kit Lean Manufacturing & 5S Labels Facility Labels Tag Labels Cable Markers Call to find out how you can get a DuraLabel PRO 300 & DuraLabel 9000 at an incredible discounted price! 877.534.5157 | DuraLabel.com Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it Wayfinding
  • 6. DEFINITIONS To know the risks, it’s helpful to know the language. Here are some widely used terms used in communicating arc flash hazards. What is an Arc Flash? An arc flash is a rapid, explosive discharge of electrical energy that usually results from a short circuit fault. Metal vaporized by the 5,000+ degree temperatures of an arc flash produces a high-temperature plasma. A shockwave blast can propel metal shrapnel at high velocities in many directions. An arc flash can occur in very little time. Explosions have been known to occur in as little as 1/1000 of a second. The event is unexpected, violent, and deadly. The potential for injury can be reduced using various electrical safety tools and techniques. Remote breaker racking, remote door opening and closing, and wearing the proper personal protective equipment (PPE) all offer improved safety. A key element in any arc flash safety program is good visual communication. Using labels and signs to warn workers, emergency responders, and others of a potential arc flash hazard is critical safety information and saves lives. Ensure your facility follows the latest standards to provide maximum safety around equipment and other electrical hazards. 3 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it DuraLabel.com
  • 7. DEFINITIONS Definitions of Terms (from NFPA 70E, 2012 Edition) The following terms are frequently found on arc flash labels and signs. Nominal System Voltage (NSV): The NSV is normally the voltage required by the largest loads in a system. Common industrial values are 120, 208, 220, and 480 volts. This measurement can be VAC or VDC and required by 2012 NFPA 70E (130.5(C)) to be displayed on arc flash labeling. Arc Flash Boundary: The arc flash boundary is the distance at which a person is likely to receive a second degree burn if an arc flash were to occur. The onset of a second degree burn is possible when the skin receives 1.2 cal/cm2 of incident energy. (Calculations based on 2012 NFPA 70E Annex D.7.5.) This measurement is required by 2012 NFPA 70E (130.5(C)) to be displayed on arc flash labeling. Available Incident Energy at a Working Distance: This is the energy per unit area on a surface located at the normal working distance from the potential arc fault. The incident energy is most commonly measured in units of calories per square centimeter. Second degree burns occur at an energy level of approximately 1.2 cal/cm2. Required Level of PPE: The Personal Protective Equipment required is dependent on the incident energy at every point a person may perform work on energized equipment. An electrical engineer or other qualified person should cover all parts of the body that may be exposed to an arc flash. This could include boots, gloves, flameresistant clothing, safety glasses, etc. Hazard Risk Category (HRC): A general classification of hazard involved in performing specified tasks. HRC typically ranges from zero to four, with zero denoting minimum-risk activities and four denoting high-risk activities. NFPA provides a recommended list of PPE for each HRC in Table 130.7. HRC levels are not associated with a specific measurement of cal/cm2 by NFPA, but rather a defined list of PPE. Shock Protection Boundary (Not Required): • Limited Approach Boundary (Annex C.1.1 and C.1.2.2) This boundary may only be crossed by a qualified person. An unqualified person, wearing appropriate PPE may cross if accompanied by a qualified person. Becoming qualified requires special training. • Restricted Approach Boundary (Annex C.1.2.3) This boundary may only be crossed by a qualified person that has a documented plan approved by authorized management and uses adequate shock prevention equipment and techniques. • Prohibited Approach Boundary (Annex C.1.2.4) This boundary may only be crossed by a qualified person that has the same level of protection required for direct contact with live parts. Arc Flash Boundary Limited Approach Boundary Limited Space Restricted Approach Boundary Restricted Space Any point on an exposed, energized electrical conductor or circuit part Prohibited Space Prohibited Approach Boundary Limits of approach (NFPA 70E-2012) As the distance between a person and the exposed energized conductors or circuit parts decreases, the potential for electrical accidents increases. The NFPA defines four boundaries around an arc flash fault. DuraLabel.com 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it 4
  • 8. EVALUATION – FACILITY INSPECTION Conduct an inspection of your facility to determine the need for new and replacement arc flash labels. Elements of an Inspection General facility inspections are not just voluntary, OSHA requires employers to assess hazards in the workplace. When evaluating your facility, pay attention to: • Existing labels ◦ Are they still legible? (Damaged, deteriorated, etc.) ◦ Are they accurate? (Proper calculations, boundaries, PPE, etc.) • Equipment without labels • New equipment ◦ Does the new equipment pose an arc flash danger? ◦ Have boundaries been calculated? • Areas where maintenance has been performed • Traffic areas OSHA 29 CFR 1910.132(d)(2) The employer shall verify that the required workplace hazard assessment has been performed through a written certification that identifies the workplace evaluated; the person certifying that the evaluation has been performed; the date(s) of the hazard assessment; and, which identifies the document as a certification of hazard assessment. Recording the information listed will help you meet this OSHA requirement in your facility. • Areas from which people should be excluded because of arc flash hazard Also be sure to note the date of your last arc flash analysis. NFPA 70E Article 130.5 states you must re-evaluate an arc flash analysis at least every five years or whenever a major modification or renovation occurs. If you discover a change during your re-evaluation, a new analysis must be performed and your labels will need to be changed to reflect the new measurements. There are a number of calculation methods available to help you determine arc flash boundaries. IEEE 15842002 and NFPA 70E-2012 are the most popularly used. IEEE 1584 is generally accepted as the recommended method for most arc flash analysis calculations because of its comprehensiveness. The NFPA 70E version is easier to use and offers quick references to predefined articles and tables. Having both guides to reference, however, is always going to be the best option. This way you have the largest number of options available to suit individual needs. Incident energy is a calculation that determines the radiated heat falling on the surface, produced by an arcing fault. Although no single method can fully calculate an arc flash hazard, it is recommended that IEEE 1584-2002 be used as the primary calculation method, especially for determining flash protection boundaries. IEEE 1584, “Guide For Performing Arc Flash Hazard Calculations,” provides the equations and methods used to calculate the incident energy level a worker could be exposed to in a measurement of cal/cm2. If IEEE 1584 is not available in your facility, then the NFPA 70E-2012 is the next best option. Tables 130.7(C)(15)(a) and 130.7(C)(16) from NFPA 70E-2012 are popular references for determining exposure levels and required PPE. However, these tables are based on assumptions using engineering principles about electrical systems. Each table includes notes to help you determine whether an electrical system falls within the engineering principles described. At a minimum, electrical equipment carrying 50 volts or higher should always display a label with OSHA-required information. OSHA 29 CFR§1910.303 requires employers to mark electrical equipment with descriptive markings, including the equipment’s voltage, current, wattage, or other ratings as necessary. NOTE: Arc flash calculation is not an exact science. Always use caution and multiple methods to verify results. 5 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it DuraLabel.com
  • 9. EVALUATION Qualifying Electrical Equipment IEEE 1584-2002 IEEE 1584 states that, “Equipment with less than 240 volts need not be considered unless it involves at least one 125 kVA (kilo-volt-amps) or a larger lowimpedance transformer in its immediate power supply.” The same guide also states that an “arc-flash hazard need only be considered for large 208 volt systems. Systems fed by transformers smaller than 125 kVA should not be a concern.” The prevailing interpretation of IEEE 1584: An arc flash analysis shall be performed on equipment with 208 volts or greater and fed by a transformer with 125 kVA and greater. Keep in mind, these standards are considered the bare minimum for facility safety and many organizations supersede IEEE 1584 standards. Commonly used, self-imposed standards, require analyzing and labeling equipment with 208 volts or greater and fed by a transformer with 75 kVA and greater. NFPA 70E-2012 The 2012 NFPA 70E standards identify five specific types of electrical equipment requiring arc flash labeling. The equipment identified is not located in dwellings, meets the minimum IEEE 1584 requirements for an arc flash analysis and is likely to require examination, at the very least, while energized. Newly specified pieces of electrical equipment include: • Switches Equipment Research Always wear the highest level of PPE your equipment may potentially require while researching equipment. For many facilities, this means wearing a 40-calorie arc rated suit, hearing protection, and arc rated gloves while performing examinations. Start by photographing each potential piece of equipment that is a candidate for an analysis. Then document its voltage and facility location onto a copy of your facility’s blueprints or map. If a piece of equipment isn’t labeled with voltage, the primary voltage may be labeled on the back or elsewhere on the equipment. If the voltage isn’t provided on the equipment, research your facility’s single-line-drawings and other electrical documentation. Many times, this information will tell you what voltage each piece of equipment is carrying. Once you know the primary voltage for each piece of equipment, you can eliminate equipment carrying less than 208 volts from your list. To determine a transformer’s size, examine the nameplate on the transformer’s housing. If a nameplate is not visible, you will need to contact the transformer manufacturer or seek the assistance of a qualified electrical professional. The transformer manufacturer will often be able to identify the exact transformer size by supplying them with a picture of the transformer and its dimensions. Attempting to reverse-engineer a transformer installation can be difficult work. The original engineer probably incorporated many variables into the system design. Simple inspections and calculations may not account for all of these unknowns. Only a qualified electrical professional should research a transformer with no nameplate or manufacturer identification. • Switchboards • Panelboards • Industrial control panels • Meter socket enclosures • Motor control centers The equipment listed in the NFPA 70E-2012 is provided as an example of commonly used electrical equipment. Similar pieces of equipment meeting the NFPA/IEEE qualifications would require the same treatment. Nameplates provide transformer size and voltage information to help qualify equipment for analysis and labeling. DuraLabel.com 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it 6
  • 10. LABEL CREATION 2012 NFPA 70E now requires arc flash labels to display a list of defined information. These new requirements help bring uniformity to arc flash labeling so similar information is used to describe this hazard throughout the U.S. Signal Word Usage In most arc flash labeling, a Danger or Warning signal word is used to describe this hazard. Exceptions are when an overriding federal, state or local code, standard, regulation, or guideline specifies a different signal word from what ANSI specifies. ANSI defines how each word should be used (ANSI Z535.4-2011§4.14.2 and §4.14.3). The Danger signal word is reserved for, “... a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. The signal word is to be limited to the most extreme situations.” The Warning signal word is reserved for, “a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.” Generally, arc flash locations presenting a hazardous situation that, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury, are also locations where no known PPE exists to safely work while equipment is energized. Organizations may wish to use the maximum level of PPE available, generally greater than 40 calories, to set this as their cut-off for Danger. As an example, if a facility can only provide workers with PPE rated for a maximum of 50 calories, that would be the cut-off. Danger labels, in this example, would be reserved for use at arc flash locations where greater than 50 calories of incident energy are possible. The Warning signal word would then only be used at arc flash locations where 50 calories or less are possible. The Caution signal word is also an option, but should only be used where an arc flash analysis determined there is no risk of death. Therefore, Caution signs should only be displayed at locations where an arc flash is not possible. Each signal word uses a specific color scheme when displayed on an arc flash label. The Danger signal word is white on a red background. Warning is black on an orange background and Caution is black on a yellow background. ANSI Z535 The NFPA relies on many of the same design standards as OSHA and similar agencies for safety labeling. ANSI Z535 sets these standards to bring uniformity to all labeling and improve recognition by workers, emergency responders, and anyone else who must easily identify what a label means from a safe distance. Required Information Arc flash labels should alert workers to the seriousness of the hazard and clearly state the information necessary to safely work inside and around an arc flash boundary. Use the appropriate signal word in the label’s signal word panel when identifying equipment meeting IEEE 1584 analysis requirements. 2012 NFPA 70E requires labels to display the following: 1. Nominal system voltage 2. Arc flash boundary 3. At least one of the following: a. Available incident energy and the corresponding working distance b. Minimum arc rating of clothing c. Required level of PPE d. Highest Hazard/Risk Category (HRC) for the equipment NOTE: Labels applied prior to September 30, 2011, are acceptable if they contain the available incident energy or required level of PPE. 7 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it DuraLabel.com
  • 11. LABEL CREATION Arc Flash Label Elements In addition to signal word requirements, ANSI Z535.4 sets standards for general label design elements used in arc flash Danger, Warning, and Caution labeling. The following design elements are required by ANSI Z535.4 standards: Safety Alert Symbol The triangle/exclamation point symbol. The safety alert symbol must precede the signal word and the base shall be on the same horizontal line as the base of signal word letters. The height of the symbol shall be equal to or exceed the signal word letter height. For Danger, the triangle shall be filled with white and have a red exclamation mark inside. The triangle on a Warning label shall be filled with black and contain an orange exclamation mark. Caution labels shall have an all black triangle with a yellow exclamation mark. DANGER Non-Compliant Arc Flash Label Design Since a message panel is required, all red Danger signs and tags and all orange Warning signs and tags are no longer compliant with NFPA and ANSI standards.* * ANSI.4-2011, §7.3 Signal Word Panel Signal Word Safety Alert Symbol Message Panel Signal Word Panel The signal word panel is the colored panel the signal word appears on. This panel always appears horizontally across the top of the label. For Danger labels the panel shall be red. For Warning the panel should be orange, and Caution labels should have a yellow panel. The position of the Safety Alert Symbol must be aligned with the base of the Signal Word. The height of the symbol should be equal to or exceed the letter height of the associated Signal Word. Both the Safety Alert Symbol and Signal Word should then be centered. Message Panel The message panel is the white or black background beneath the signal word panel. The message panel in an arc flash label is where the safety message, analysis information, and PPE requirements are printed. The message panel can be either black with white text or white with black text. The white message panel is recommended for most arc flash applications, since it is generally easiest to see. DuraLabel.com An example of a non-compliant, all orange Warning arc flash label. Canadian Arc Flash Labeling (2012 CSA-Z462) The Canadian Standards Association (CSA) bases many of its own standards on the 2012 NFPA 70E. For the most part, the two are very similar. The only difference in labeling requirements is an additional requirement to display the date of analysis. This means you only need to include all of the required NFPA 70E-2012 labeling information and the date of analysis to comply in Canada. Although date of analysis is commonly displayed on arc flash labels used in the U.S., it is not required by the NFPA. The benefit of including this date on U.S. arc flash labels is to inform workers how long its been since an analysis has been completed. Workers can then confirm the validity of the analysis by researching facility electrical documentation and history, before exposing themselves to the hazard. 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it 8
  • 12. LABEL CREATION Understanding Arc Flash PPE One of the most important factors in arc flash labeling is its relationship with arc flash PPE. Practically everything now required by the NFPA 70E-2012 on labeling relates to PPE selection. Ensure your facility has adequate PPE to safely work on or around the equipment that must be analyzed. As an employer, you have legal responsibilities to fulfill: OSHA 29 CFR 1926.95(a) “Protective equipment, including personal protective equipment for eyes, face, head, and the extremities, protective clothing, respiratory devices, and protective shields and barriers, shall be provided, used, and maintained in a sanitary and reliable condition wherever it is necessary by reason of hazards of processes or environment, chemical hazards, radiological hazards, or mechanical irritants encountered in a manner capable of causing injury or impairment in the function of any part of the body through absorption, inhalation, or physical contact.” OSHA 29 1926.416(a)(1) “No employer shall permit an employee to work in such proximity to any part of an electric power circuit that the employee could contact the electric power circuit in the course of work, unless the employee is protected against electric shock by de-energizing the circuit and grounding it or by guarding it effectively by insulation or other means.” Layering PPE is a method the NFPA often promotes to increase the protective resistance a piece of clothing has against incident energy. Arc rated clothing can be grouped by displaying multiple arc rated pieces on a label. As an example, one of the most popularly used PPE in electrical work is the “40 calorie suit.” Layering additional pieces of arc rated clothing under this suit helps increase its protective resistance so higher calorie equipment can be safely worked on or around. DuraLabel arc flash labels and DuraSuite software make compliance simple. 9 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it DuraLabel.com
  • 13. LABEL CREATION Necessary Equipment and Supplies There are several options for obtaining needed arc flash labels. If only a small number of labels are needed, they can be ordered online at GraphicProducts.com/cls. If more than a few labels are needed, it is more economical to use a DuraLabel label printer and supplies. DuraLabel PRO 300 offers an Arc Flash Package providing commonly used arc flash labeling materials. The DuraLabel Arc Flash Package includes: • DuraLabel PRO 300 Printer and software package • 2" Orange 3.0 mil Premium Vinyl Tape This is a standard Arc Flash package. Package may be customized. Call 877.534.5157 for details. • 4" x 6" DANGER Arc Flash Die-Cuts (4 rolls) • 4" x 6" WARNING Arc Flash Die-Cuts (4 rolls) • 4.3" Black Standard Resin Ribbon (2 rolls) In addition to 4" x 6" die-cuts, the following are available for larger DuraLabel printers: Substitute with indoor or outdoor grade: • 6.8" x 10.5" DANGER Arc Flash Die-Cuts • 4" x 6" DANGER Arc Flash Die-Cuts • 6.8" x 10.5" WARNING Arc Flash Die-Cuts • 4" x 6" WARNING Arc Flash Die-Cuts • 8.8" x 12.8" DANGER Arc Flash Die-Cuts • Spanish 4" x 6" DANGER Arc Flash Die-Cuts • 8.8" x 12.8" WARNING Arc Flash Die-Cuts • Spanish 4" x 6" WARNING Arc Flash Die-Cuts • French 4" x 6" WARNING Arc Flash Die-Cuts 6.8" x 10.5" label 4" x 6" label Use large labels when visibility from a distance is needed to keep workers at a safe distance when entering a room or servicing equipment. DuraLabel.com 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it 10
  • 14. LABEL CREATION Label Creation Steps (DuraLabel printers) There are three options for printing arc flash labels with a DuraLabel printer. First, you can use the free DuraSuite™ software, bundled with any DuraLabel desktop printer. DuraSuite makes it easy to ensure all NFPA 70E-2012 required information appears on your label. (A brief overview of DuraSuite is shown at right.) Second, you may wish to use third-party software with your DuraLabel printer—DuraLabel printers offer compatibility with SKM, ETAP®, EasyPower® and many others. If you are considering purchasing third-party software to use with a DuraLabel printer, contact us first to see if we have tested it. We are continually testing new third-party software with our printers. As a third option, you can create an entirely custom arc flash label design using DuraSuite or your own software. Your custom design can be printed to DuraLabel Two-Color Vinyl Tape. These tapes are available in each of the ANSI Z535.4 specified colors (Danger - Red signal word stripe, Warning - Orange signal word stripe, Caution - Yellow signal word stripe). DuraLabel sign and label printers use industrial-grade supplies, which are specifically designed to provide lasting service in harsh conditions for either indoor or outdoor applications. DuraLabel Outdoor die-cuts have been specifically engineered to withstand outdoor environments, including UV rays. Call a DuraLabel representative at 877.534.5157 to find out more. DuraSuite Software: Quickly and easily print NFPA 70E-2012 compliant arc flash labels with DuraLabel’s comprehensive arc flash software. Label Creation Using Die-Cut Labels 1. Open the DuraSuite Labeling Software. 2. Select the Arc Flash module. 3. Select the label size you would like to create. 4. Fill in the data fields with your analysis information. 5. Load the appropriate size of label supply with desired signal word. 6. Click the Print button. Label Creation Using Continuous Vinyl 1. Open word processor. 2. Load the DuraLabel PRO 300 arc flash template. This will format the page to the appropriate size. 3. Modify the template to include information that is specific to this label such as boundary distance, energy, and necessary PPE. DuraLabel Two-Color striped vinyl comes in various widths. Custom sizes are available. Call 877.534.5157. 4. Load the appropriate size of label supply with desired signal word. 5. Print the label(s). 11 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it DuraLabel.com
  • 15. LABEL PLACEMENT It is critical labels are placed appropriately to be seen from normal approach and applied correctly for longevity. Placement of Labels knife. However, with strong adhesive labels such as those provided by DuraLabel, this can be a labor intensive process. Try using a heat gun to speed up the process. Labels should be placed: • On or close to the appropriate system or equipment. • To be visible from the point of normal approach. Removing Old Labels When removing labels, use extreme caution. Labels may be removed by carefully scraping them off with a putty For some applications, a razor blade can be used to quickly remove labels. The use of these types of tools must take into consideration the type of surface the label is applied to and whether that surface will be damaged. Labels should be placed on or close to the appropriate system or equipment. DuraLabel.com 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it 12
  • 16. LABEL MAINTENANCE Labels should be properly maintained to ensure legibility and readability. Under normal conditions labels will last five to seven years. Environmental conditions can result in a variance of label life-span. Labels should be inspected periodically and replaced if they are missing or have deteriorated beyond legibility. Accumulation of debris, grease, oil, or other materials should be cleaned off. Labels are only useful if they are visible. DuraLabel offers a wide selection of chemical-resistant supplies, therefore solvents and cleaning agents may be used when necessary to clean off dirt, grime, oil, etc. If cleaning is not possible and the label is not readable, replace the existing label. Set up a schedule to reevaluate your facility. Refer to the section “Evaluation – Facility Inspection” of this guide for help. The DuraLabel PRO 300 is an economical high-speed thermal transfer printer that quickly and efficiently prints the arc flash labels you need! Call 877.534.5157 or visit DuraLabel.com Die-cut Warning Labels Die-cut vinyl labels are preprinted with an ANSIcompliant orange Warning signal word. DuraLabel proprietary software is designed for use with these labels. Spanish or French labels available. Signal Word Stripe Die-cut Danger Labels Two-color vinyl features an ANSI-compliant stripe for printing arc flash labels. Warning labels use an orange stripe, Danger uses a red stripe and Caution uses a yellow stripe. 13 Die-cut vinyl labels are preprinted with a red Danger signal word. DuraLabel proprietary software is designed for use with these labels. Spanish or French labels available. 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it DuraLabel.com
  • 18. TAGOUT Tagging out arc flash hazards is one of the most effective safety measures you can use to protect workers and others from accidental injuries. The tagout example procedure below is to be used as a reference only. Use this procedure example to develop your own version. Tagout example procedure* (lockout elements not included): 1. Provide all employees, and others who might be in the area, with tagout safety instruction and explain its significance. All persons installing tagout shall sign their names and provide a date on the tag. 2. Inspect current diagrams, tags, labels and signs. Identify and locate all circuit breakers and switches to determine if power is interrupted by a physical break and not de-energized by a circuit interlock. Create a list of each to be tagged. 3. Inspect circuit breakers and switches to determine adequacy of their interrupting ability. Determine if it will be possible to verify a visible open point, or if other precautions will be necessary. 4. Inspect other work activity to identify where and how other personnel might be exposed to sources of electrical energy hazards. Review other energy sources in the physical area to determine employee exposure to sources of other types of energy. Establish energy control methods for control of other hazardous energy sources in the area. 5. Test each phase conductor or circuit part with an adequately rated voltage detector to verify they are deenergized. Test the voltage detector to ensure proper operation. 6. Where the possibility of induced voltage or stored electrical energy exists, create labels that call for grounding the phase conductors or circuit parts before touching them. Post these labels at visible locations wherever this hazard exists. Where it could be reasonably anticipated that contact with other exposed energized conductors or circuit parts is possible, create labels that call for applying ground connecting devices. Post these labels at locations wherever this hazard exists. 7. Notify employees a tagout system is going to be implemented and explain the reason. A qualified employee should lead this implementation. The leader should be knowledgeable of the circuit breaker and switches for all sources of electrical energy and the location of all sources of stored energy as well as hazards associated with electrical energy. 8. If the electrical supply is energized, the implementation leader shall de-energize and disconnect the electrical supply and relieve all stored energy. 9. Tagout all disconnecting means with tagout devices. Open, block or remove any additional circuit elements. 10. Use a voltage-detecting instrument. Verify the instrument is properly functioning before and after testing for absence of voltage. 11. Where required, install a grounding device on the phase conductors or circuit parts to eliminate induced voltage or stored energy before touching them. Apply devices rated for the available fault duty. 12. The equipment, electrical source or both are now tagged out. When tagouts are ready for removal: 1. Visually verify the job or task is complete. Remove all tools, equipment and unused materials. 2. Notify all personnel involved that a tagout is complete and the electrical supply is being restored. All workers must stay clear of the equipment during startup. 3. Perform quality control tests or checks on repairs. The person who installed the tagouts should then remove tagouts. NOTE: Employers must develop their own procedure based on the needs of their specific application. * Elements of this procedure are based on the NFPA’s minimum requirements (NFPA article 120.2) for electrical energy lockout/tagout procedure. © 2011–2013 Graphic Products, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 15 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it DuraLabel.com
  • 19. ARC FLASH INFORMATION GUIDE Requirements for Arc Flash Label Compliance The 2012 edition of NFPA 70E requires labels used for specific applications to include standardized information Electrical equipment such as switches, switchboards, panelboards, industrial control panels, meter socket enclosures, and motor control centers that are in other than dwelling units and are likely to require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized must contain: Requirement 1: Nominal system voltage Requirement 2: Arc flash boundary Requirement 3: At least one of the following: a. Available incident energy and the corresponding working distance b. Minimum arc rating of clothing c. Required level of PPE d. Highest Hazard/Risk Category (HRC) for the equipment Method for calculating analysis data shall be documented. NOTE: Labels applied prior to September 30, 2011, are acceptable if they contain the available incident energy or required level of PPE. Nominal System Voltage (NSV) The NSV is normally the voltage required by the largest loads in a system. Common industrial values are 120, 208, 220, and 480 volts. This measurement can be VAC or VDC and is required by 2012 NFPA 70E (130.5(C)) to be displayed on arc flash labeling. Arc Flash Boundary The arc flash boundary is the distance at which a person is likely to receive a second-degree burn. The onset of a second-degree burn is possible when the skin receives 1.2 cal/cm2 of incident energy. Calculations based on 2012 NFPA 70E Annex D.7.5. This measurement is required by 2012 NFPA 70E (130.5(C)) to be displayed on arc flash labeling. Available Incident Energy at a Working Distance This is the energy-per-unit area on a surface located at the normal working distance from the potential arc fault. The incident energy is most commonly measured in units of calories per square centimeter. Second-degree burns occur at an energy level of approximately 1.2 cal/cm2. You have the option to display available incident energy at a working distance to fulfill the third 2012 NFPA 70E labeling requirement (130.5(C)), as indicated at top. Minimum Arc Rating for Clothing This measurement provides workers with the minimum PPE protection necessary to perform work near an arc flash fault. The measurement is provided in calories so a worker can easily match or exceed the arc rating (calories) displayed on a piece of PPE or a combination of PPE (layering). The arc rating for a particular piece of PPE clothing can be obtained from a tag on the clothing or from the manufacturer. You have the option to display minimum arc rating for clothing to fulfill the third 2012 NFPA 70E labeling requirement (130.5(C)), as indicated at top. Common practice is to avoid using this in combination with HRC. Label example displays all fields available. Required Level of PPE The Personal Protective Equipment required is dependent on the incident energy at every point a person may perform work on energized equipment. An electrical engineer or other qualified person should perform the calculations that determine the incident energy. The appropriate PPE should cover all parts of the body that may be exposed to an arc flash. If HRC is used, list the clothing as described in Table 130.7(C)(16). Otherwise, refer to Article 130.7. You have the option to display required level of PPE to fulfill the third 2012 NFPA 70E labeling requirement (130.5(C)), as indicated at top. Common practice is to avoid using this in combination with Minimum Arc Rating for Clothing. Hazard Risk Category (HRC) A general classification of hazard involved in performing specified tasks. HRC typically ranges from zero to four, with zero denoting minimum-risk activities and four denoting high-risk activities. The NFPA provides a recommended list of PPE for each HRC in Table 130.7. HRC levels are not associated with a specific measurement of cal/cm2 by the NFPA, but rather a defined list of PPE. You have the option to display hazard risk category to fulfill the third 2012 NFPA 70E labeling requirement (130.5(C)), as indicated at top. Shock Protection Boundary (Not Required) • Limited Approach Boundary (Annex C.1.1 and C.1.2.2) This boundary may only be crossed by a qualified person. An unqualified person, wearing appropriate PPE, may cross if accompanied by a qualified person. Becoming qualified requires special training. • Restricted Approach Boundary (Annex C.1.2.3) This boundary may only be crossed by a qualified person that has a documented plan approved by authorized management and uses adequate shock prevention equipment and techniques. • Prohibited Approach Boundary (Annex C.1.2.4) This boundary may only be crossed by a qualified person that has the same level of protection required for direct contact with live parts. NFPA 70E Article 130.5 states that an arc flash hazard analysis must be reviewed every five years or whenever a major modification or renovation occurs. This guide is for general information purposes only. It is not a substitute for review of applicable standards. © 2005, 2008-2013 Graphic Products, Inc. Over 50 supplies available to meet your labeling needs! DuraLabel sign and label printers are perfect for printing any labels or signs you need for your facility! DuraLabel.com 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it 16
  • 20. Everywhere You Go... Toro is DuraLabel’s most advanced label printer. Toro is Mobile Optional accessories include a battery capable of powering three hours of continuous printing. Take Toro anywhere in your facility or to a remote site. Print when and where you need to. When you’re finished fold Toro up and you’re ready to move to the next job. Independent Standalone No network connectivity or IT support required. Loaded with customized software to create signs for arc flash and more. Thermal transfer printer with full-size flip-down keyboard and adjustable touchscreen. Start printing with DuraLabel Toro today 877.534.5157 Informazioni: info@rebosytems.it Web: www.rebosystems.it DuraLabel.com SCAN NOW to Save with DuraLabel Toro Kits! 10/13