19. Strategic Planning Models
A review of literature on public administration,
business management, education reveals as
many planning models as there are authorities
on subject matter. Most scholars tend to
develop their own typologies of planning
models. A model is defined as a set of
variables classified as endogenous and
exogenous, cause-effect relationships among
these variables, and the consistency of these
relations (H. Correa, 1975).
26. Preparation for Strategic Planning
1. Organizing and Staffing
Organizing is the process by which the structure and allocation of jobs
and functions are determined. It is job-oriented (H. Koontz and C.
O’Donnell, 1977). Three types of organization are classified by the nature
of authority vested in the position – line, staff and functional. Line
organization is the simplest most type in which a particular position had
general authority over lower positions in the hierarchy. Said position is
vested with power and authority. Staff organization is purely advisory and
recommendatory to the line position with no authority to execute
recommendations into action. Finally, functional organization had
developed due to increasing complexity of operations and the need for a
great number of specialists. However, functional organization permits a
specialist in a given area to enforce his directive within a limited and
clearly defined scope of authority.
