Residing in the cloud
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Libraries and cloud computing presented at VALA 2014
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Residing in the cloud
- 1. Residing in the cloud looking at the forecast now and into the future Michelle McLean Information Services Librarian
- 2. State of Cloud Computing IBM investing $1.2b in data centres Forrester predicts 6.2% growth in 2014 Gartner predicts bulk http://cdn.itproportal.com/photos/Cloud_Computing_contentfullwidth.jpg of IT spend on cloud computing by 2016
- 3. What is cloud computing? “The practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet, to store, manage and process data, rather than a local server or personal computer.” Oxford Dictionary of English 2013 http://leverhawk.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/cloud-computing-300x225.jpg
- 4. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) http://cdn.katescomment.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/CloudCube1.png
- 5. Libraries in the Cloud SaaS PaaS Swift Libraries SA HathiTrust Yahoo Pipes Apps LibraryLink Libguides Office 365 Google Enterprise OCLC Web Services Google App Engine http://www.computenext.com/blog/when-to-use-saas-paas-and-iaas/
- 6. Libraries in the Cloud IaaS Z. Smith Reynolds Library Library of Congress My Kansas Library British Library http://astoundcom.com/astound-communications/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/cloud_stack.gif
- 8. Preparing for the cloud Security Privacy Access Law Lock-in Out of business http://cdn2.hubspot.net/hub/139978/file-17755243-png/images/types-of-cloud-computing.png ng
Notas do Editor
- CCLC – Public Library service in outer south eastern suburbs of Melbourne. Two Councils. Member of Swift Consortium – using SaaS for our ILMS.
- $180 billion Estimated global cloud services market by the end of 2015. 50 million Number of physical servers in the world Banking holds most of the activity in the cloud. Cloud computing growth rate is over 5 times that of IT growth rate. Business operating units are purchasing and implementing cloud services without involving IT (27%). The top 3 cost factors that are considered when comparing are: software management costs, software licensing costs and IT labor costs
- Consensus in IT circles that website hosting is not considered to be cloud computing, but file hosting.
- PaaS services can be used to create or host a range of databases and applications. IaaS gives administrative, web-based access to fundamental computing resources such as processing power, storage and networks. Public – shared with other users and other purposes. Community – shared but common concern and other users are known. Private – secure and private behind firewalls, could also have dedicated private communication lines. Hybrid – combination public and private where sensitive data is kept in private and software public. Could also be other combinations. On demand, self service - A consumer can unilaterally provision computing capabilities, such as server time and network storage, as needed automatically Broad network access – available from anywhere with an internet connection and no special requirements for software or hardware Resource pooling – providers can maintain service levels with minimum resources Rapid elasticity – ability to easily upscale or downscale according to need Measured service - Cloud systems automatically control and optimize resource use by leveraging a metering capability appropriate to the service
- Swift and Libraries SA – Sirsi Dynix Symphony LMS and Enterprise Discovery Layer – Portfolio Hathi Trust - digital preservation repository and highly functional access platform. LibraryLink – OCLC search of all Victorian Libraries Libguides - LibGuides is an easy to use Content Management Systemused to create online Guides on any topic, subject, course, on any process, on any thing. Microsoft Office 365 - provides virtually anywhere access to familiar Office tools, plus enterprise-grade email, conferencing, and more IT services. Google Enterprise – Google's version of Microsoft Office and more Yahoo Pipes – used to create now content from different sources Apps – catalogue, database, Facebook and more OCLC Web Services - WorldCat Registry API, WorldCat Search API, xISBN & xISSN Google App Engine - Western State College in Gunnison, Colorado developed an open-source eCataloger Framework, based on Dublin Core metadata, on Google’s App Engine to manage and serve electronic resources to the library’s patrons.
- Z. Smith Reynolds Library in NC – used Amazon EC2 for all their IT services. Also DC Public Library system, Boston Public Library and OhioLink to provide library IT services. Library of Congress - Vcentra will provide enterprise architect services to help the Copyright Office design, test, implement and maintain a secure infrastructure. My Kansas Library - The My Kansas Library on the Web project is an attempt to allow small public libraries across the state have access to high end web-based tools to facilitate easy web development. Amazon EC2 services by both the DC Public Library system, Boston Public Library and OhioLink to provide library IT services. British Library – UK Web Archive.
- PROS: Scale and cost – pay for what you use, capital vs operational cost, IT management less, administration with hardware/software – staff support Change management - On demand, self service - Broad network access – Resource pooling – Rapid elasticity - Measured service Next generation architecture – all kept up to date, all the time – latest and greatest Choice and agility – restructure quickly according to need Also: operations: IT not our core business, can manage some ourselves, backups, collaboration and sharing, additional applications via web, environmental benefits, security – more strenuous – Australian law is tough – must abide by it. (STORY – still have access when HQ has no power) CONS: Unauthorised access, keeping users current, single sign on, tech failure (happened with big providers) Lock in. Downtime or loss of access (predicted or unprediected). Lack of control - loss of access, where is the problem (STORY - whose fault was website down) – where do you get immediate help, Financial savings not as great as predicted, loss in in-house expertise and lack of immediate response to issues. Not all SaaS designed for cloud so may not have all features. Environmental cost shifted to user not organisation. LAW: Australian Privacy Principles – must know where on server your data is hosted and who has access to it. Problem – Patriot Act.
- Security - Depending on need – go with Private, or Hybrid. Privacy – Know where your data is and who has access – make sure wherever your data is, it has the protection of law – but be aware of things like Patriot Act. Access – Cloud computing services are marginally more reliable than IT dept. Williams, M. 2010. A quick start guide to cloud computing. London: Kogan Page. 99.9 to 99.8%. - have redundancies in place to reduce downtimes – although that doesn't always work. Law- ensure you meet legal and get best protection – use Australia's laws in your contracts, clear rules for employee use, clear ownership of data, determine where liability lies, establish communication processes regards legal calls on library data. Growing agreements between countries – Safe Harbour between US & EU. Lock-in – chose reliable provider with proven record who offer interoperability – Zoho Creator – download content as a zip file. Work being done on interoperability standards. Out of business – As above, have quick and easy access to data and have a Disaster Recovery Plan that can be quickly implemented. What else? Free trials, consider long term costs, IT integration – will it work with rest of organisation, meets strategic objectives – not just jumping on bandwagon, all concerns covered in the contract.
- LMS already in the cloud. Sirsi Dynix moving software to Blue Cloud Suite – Liblime is PaaS already. Discovery – cloud based and additions to it also. Apps – catalogue, database, website all Administration – payroll, admin software – locally hosted data, remotely hosted software eg. Microsoft 365 Public support – Microsoft 365, Adobe Creative Suite, all email already. NBN will have an impacta as internet speeds improve – depending on how much they do Australian Govt – National Cloud Computing Strategy 2013 – outlines the role that ogvernment will tke to help all “realise the promise of cloud computing.” Dept of Finance and DeRegulation – Better Practice Guide (2013) to help govt depts move to the cloud. However, each library is different. Its IT make-up is unique, its computing needs, infrastructure, staffing and environments vary and each library needs to determine its own position with regards to cloud computing. It may be cloudy out there, and the cloud is expanding every day, but not everyone will jump on it. Maybe not now, maybe not ever. This is acceptable, because libraries will continue to provide good service, good collections and more, whether in the cloud or not.