The document discusses architectural trends for modern distributed applications including service oriented architecture, software as a service, web 2.0, and cloud computing. It provides examples of how different application components map to architectural blueprints and outlines challenges around identity, data, and management in distributed architectures. Finally, it proposes next steps for using the blueprints to decompose existing applications, involving the right stakeholders, understanding technology mappings, and documenting repeatable patterns.

1. Architecting Modern Distributed Applications Clint Edmonson Architect Evangelist Microsoft Email: clinted@microsoft.com Web: http://www.notsotrivial.net Twitter: @clinted

2. Industry Trends

3. Industry Trends Trend 1: Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)

4. Industry Trends

5. Industry Trends Trend 2: Software as a Service (SaaS)

6. Industry Trends

7. Industry Trends Trend 3: Web 2.0

8. Industry Trends

9. Industry Trends Trend 4: Rich Internet Applications (RIA)

10. Industry Trends

11. Industry Trends Trend 5: Cloud Computing

12. Industry Trends

13. Industry Trends SOA: Service Oriented Architecture RIA: Rich Internet Applications Interop, Reuse and Agility User Experience Software + Services Web 2.0 SaaS: Software as a Service SocialNetwork Effect Flexible pricing and delivery Cloud Computing Service Utility & Scale

14. Heads in the Cloud, Feet on the Ground

15. Heads in the Cloud, Feet on the Ground When it comes to running applications, organizations today face a tension between control and economy of scale Control High Low Economy of Scale Low High

16. Application runs on-premise Buy my own hardware, and manage my own data center Heads in the Cloud, Feet on the Ground Application runs at a hoster Pay someone to host my application using hardware that I specify Application runs using cloud platform Pay someone to host my application without specifying the hardware (they promise to be “infinitely” scalable) Application is supplied by a vendor Pay for someone’s hosted application. Don’t care about the hardware, as long as it works. Control High Low Economy of Scale Low High

17. Heads in the Cloud, Feet on the Ground Buy Build vs. Buy Tension between build vs. buy Build

18. “Packaged” Application An application that I buy “off the shelf” and run myself Heads in the Cloud, Feet on the Ground Hosted “Packaged” An application that I buy “off the shelf” and then run at a hoster “Packaged” using cloud An application that I buy “off the shelf”, that is hosted using cloud platform “Software as a Service” A hosted application that I buy from a vendor Buy Build vs. Buy “Home Built” Application An application that I develop and run myself Hosted “Home Built” An application that I develop myself, but run at a hoster “Home Built” using cloud An application that I develop myself, that is hosted using cloud platform “Platform as a Service” A vendor hosted development and runtime environment Build

19. “Packaged” Application Big Pharmaceutical Example Hosted “Packaged” “Packaged” using cloud “Software as a Service” ERP “Too costly to run this myself, but I’ve made too many customizations” CRM Email “Home Built” Application Hosted “Home Built” “Home Built” using cloud “Platform as a Service” HR System Molecule Research Clinical Trial

20. “Packaged” Application Big Pharmaceutical Example Hosted “Packaged” “Packaged” using cloud “Software as a Service” ERP CRM “CRM and Email are commodity services – They have no customizations, and it’s cheaper for someone else to run these” Email “Home Built” Application Hosted “Home Built” “Home Built” using cloud “Platform as a Service” HR System Molecule Research Clinical Trial

21. Big Pharmaceutical Example “Packaged” Application Hosted “Packaged” “Packaged” using cloud “Software as a Service” ERP CRM Email “Home Built” Application Hosted “Home Built” “Home Built” using cloud “Platform as a Service” “I can’t afford to maintain this old HR application written in VB – it’s driving me mad!” HR System “…but due to regulatory issues, I cannot store my HR data off-premise” Molecule Research Clinical Trial

22. “Packaged” Application Big Pharmaceutical Example Hosted “Packaged” “Packaged” using cloud “Software as a Service” ERP CRM Email HR System “Home Built” Application Hosted “Home Built” “Home Built” using cloud “Platform as a Service” “I wish I had access to cheaper compute and storage when I need it” Molecule Research Clinical Trial

23. “Packaged” Application Big Pharmaceutical Example Hosted “Packaged” “Packaged” using cloud “Software as a Service” ERP CRM Email HR System “Home Built” Application Hosted “Home Built” “Home Built” using cloud “Platform as a Service” Molecule Research “THIS is where I want to spend my IT resources – I’m going to double down on this application!” Clinical Trial

24. Architectural Blueprints

25. Architectural Blueprints

26. Architectural Blueprints Physical, Dedicated Single service on dedicated hardware Physical, Shared Multiple services sharing same hardware Physical, HPC Physical hardware supporting HPC scenario Virtual, Single Single instance virtual image Virtual, Shared Multiple instance virtual image

27. Architectural Blueprints

28. Architectural Blueprints

29. Architectural Blueprints File Fileshare, flat, page-based Relational Hosted relational database, familiar, transactional, finite Unstructured Key/value Pair, no atomicity, infinitely scalable

30. Architectural Blueprints

31. Architectural Blueprints Service Bus Asynchronous, reliable messaging, publish/subscribe model Peer to Peer Node registration, directory, presence awareness

32. Architectural Blueprints

33. Architectural Blueprints Authentication Username / Password or claims based Role Based Authorization Role-checking and authorization

34. Architectural Blueprints

35. Architectural Blueprints Event Based Triggered based on events (e.g. document upload) High Throughput Low latency, high volume (e.g. trading confirmations)

36. Architectural Blueprints

37. Architectural Blueprints

38. Architectural Blueprints Search Text Search, Image Search, Indexing Content Management Indexing, Retrieval, Conflict Management Social Social Graphs, Profiles

39. Architectural Blueprints

40. Architectural Blueprints Transaction Pay for each transaction Subscription Pay per month/period Licensing Pay per user/machine Advertising Advert funded model

41. Architectural Blueprints

42. Architectural Blueprints Service Composition Composition, brokering results, aggregation Line of Business Integration Service wrapping of mainframe and other LOB applications

43. Architectural Blueprints

44. Architectural Blueprints Business Logic (Rules) Entities (Schema) Workflow (Process)

45. Architectural Blueprints

46. Architectural Blueprints Static Static content, HTML etc Dynamic Asynchronous interaction, AJAX etc. RIA Rich Internet Applications, high visuals, limited offline support Streaming Optimized for content delivery, videos etc.

47. Architectural Blueprints

48. Architectural Blueprints RSS Syndication services for subscriptions REST CRUD access to services via HTML Web Services SOAP based, WS-I compliant, WS-*

49. Architectural Blueprints VoiceXML Mobile Application Speech API SIP Session Initiation Protocol – IM Clients SMTP Email inbound and outbound delivery SMS Mobile inbound and outbound text messaging

50. Architectural Blueprints

51. Architectural Blueprints

52. Architectural Blueprints Browser Consumer of web based content, HTML etc., including RIA plug in Office Office Suite, including Email and RSS reader capability Client Application Rich (Smart) client applications installed locally on machine Gadgets Locally installed, desktop based Instant Messaging Locally installed Instant Messaging client

53. Architectural Blueprints

54. Architectural Blueprints Speech Speech enabled interface SMS / IM Text messaging and IM using Mobile Device Browser Consumer of web based content, HTML etc., including RIA plug in Office Office Suite, including Email and RSS reader capability Client Application Rich (Smart) client applications installed locally on machine

55. Architectural Blueprints

56. Architectural Blueprints Devices Dedicated devices Consoles Games Consoles

57. Architectural Blueprints

58. Architectural Trends

59. Architectural Trends How can we analyze our architectures using these layers and components?

60. Static Web Site, On Premise

61. Static Web Site, On Premise (Add Content Mgt)

62. Static Web Site, On Premise (Add Search/Social)

63. Static Web Site, On Premise (Add Ad Service)

64. Static Web Site, On Premise (Move to Hoster)

65. Static Web Site, On Premise (Add AJAX)

66. Static Web Site, On Premise (Add Mobile RSS)

67. Architectural Trends How about the trends we talked about earlier?

68. Architectural Trends Trend 1: Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)

69. Trend 1: SOA - Single Service, On Premise

70. Trend 1: SOA - Single Service, On Premise

71. Trend 1: SOA - Single Service, On Premise

72. Trend 1: SOA - Single Service, On Premise

73. Trend 1: SOA - Single Service, On Premise

74. Trend 1: SOA - Single Service, On Premise

75. Trend 1: SOA - Single Service, On Premise

76. Trend 1: SOA - Single Service, On Premise

77. Architectural Trends Trend 2: Software as a Service (SaaS)

78. Trend 2: SaaS – Web Based SaaS Provider

79. Trend 2: SaaS – Web Based SaaS Provider

80. Trend 2: SaaS – Web Based SaaS Provider

81. Architectural Trends Trend 3: Web 2.0

82. Trend 3: Web 2.0 – Social Networking Site

83. Trend 3: Web 2.0 – Social Networking Site

84. Architectural Trends Trend 4: Rich Internet Applications

85. Trend 4: RIA – eCommerce Site

86. Trend 4: RIA – eCommerce Site

87. Trend 4: RIA – eCommerce Site

88. Trend 4: RIA – eCommerce Site

89. Architectural Trends Trend 5: Cloud Computing

90. Trend 5: Cloud Computing – Backup Provider

91. Trend 5: Cloud Computing – Backup Provider

92. Trend 5: Cloud Computing – Backup Provider

93. Architectural Trends How about Microsoft’s own products?

94. Windows Live Mesh CTP (Current, Primary)

95. Exchange Lifecycle (Exchange 4.0, Outlook 97) RPC JET Database

96. Exchange Lifecycle (Exchange 5.0, Outlook 97) RPC Active Directory JET Database

97. Exchange Lifecycle (Exchange 5.0 SP1, Outlook XP) OWA RPC Active Directory JET Database

98. Exchange Lifecycle (Exchange 2003, Outlook 2003) OWA RPC over HTTPS Active Directory JET Database

99. Exchange Lifecycle (Exchange 2007, Outlook 2007) OWA Active Directory JET Database

100. Exchange Lifecycle (Hosted Exchange, Outlook 2007) OWA Active Directory JET Database

101. Architectural Challenges

102. “Packaged” Application Big Pharmaceutical Example Hosted “Packaged” “Packaged” using cloud “Software as a Service” ERP CRM Email HR System “Home Built” Application Hosted “Home Built” “Home Built” using cloud “Platform as a Service” Molecule Research Clinical Trial

103. Architectural Challenges Challenge 1 - Identity

104. Challenge 1 - Identity

105. Challenge 1 - Identity

107. AuthN and AuthZ across FW

109. Relying Party

110. Authentication AssuranceSTS-I STS-R

111. “A Cloudy World” Example Clinical trial patients employees IT STS (big pharma instance in purple) Hosted ERP @ Hoster Directory The “Cloud” (big pharma data in purple) Management CRM Online Big Pharma “on premise” Firewall Cloud Storage STS Relay Cloud Compute Clinical trial software Internet Service Bus (Connectivity) Internet Service Bus (Identity) (new molecule research in purple) Cloud Platform

112. Architectural Challenges Challenge 2 – Data

113. Challenge 2 - Data

115. Privacy of External Data

116. Reporting and Analytics

118. Challenge 3 - Management

120. Integration into existing System Management solutions?

122. Architectural Blueprints – Next Steps Step 1 – Use the “blueprints” to decompose and recompose existing applications

123. Architectural Blueprints – Next Steps Step 2 – Get the right people involved

124. Architectural Blueprints – Next Steps Solutions Architect and Development Team (inc. Designer) Solutions Architect and Development Team (inc. Web Design) Solutions Architect and Development Team Enterprise Architect and CIO Data Center Operations Solutions and Infrastructure Architect Infrastructure Architect / Data Center Operations

125. Architectural Blueprints – Next Steps Step 3 – Understand the Technology Mappings

126. Architectural Blueprints – Next Steps XBOX 360 Win Embed .NET CF IE Windows Mobile Office WPF Windows OC IIS SL Streaming WCF .NET Framework BizTalk MOSS BTS Adapters MOSS BDC Ad Center .NET Framework 3rd Party IIS SQL Server SSDS AD / ADFS ILM BizTalk / BizTalk.Net Mesh CTP Windows WF MOSS Windows WF BizTalk Server Windows Server WS HPC Windows Server Hyper-V

127. Architectural Blueprints – Next Steps Step 4 – Document repeatable patterns

128. Architectural Blueprints – Next Steps

129. Architectural Blueprints – Next Steps

130. Thank you! Clint Edmonson Architect Evangelist Microsoft Email: clinted@microsoft.com Web: http://www.notsotrivial.net Twitter: @clinted