Slideshow prepared for a series of lectures on the American Presidency and Vice-Presidency for PS 101 American Government at the University of Kentucky, Fall 2007. Dr. Christopher S. Rice, Lecturer.

1. The Presidency Dr. Christopher S. Rice

3. The Dormant Presidency

4. Setting precedents Early US presidents & their actions…

12. Expansion of Presidential Power

13. 4 Factors

14. Expansion of Presidential Power Energy

15. Expansion of Presidential Power Energy Vague Constitutional Provisions

16. Expansion of Presidential Power Energy Changing Public Expectations Vague Constitutional Provisions

17. Expansion of Presidential Power Energy Changing Public Expectations Congressional Delegation of Power,Authority Vague Constitutional Provisions

18. Roles of the President

19. Chief of State

20. Commander-in-Chief

21. Chief Legislator

22. Manager of the Economy

24. Employment Act of 1946

25. Chief Diplomat

26. The President’s Limited Powers

62. Signing Statements

63. “ I find these signing statements are to Bush and Cheney's presidency what steroids were to Arnold Schwarzenegger’s bodybuilding. Like Schwarzenegger with his steroids, Bush does not deny using his signing statements; does not like talking about using them; and believes that they add muscle. But like steroids, signing statements ultimately lead to serious trouble. ” John Dean, former Nixon White House Counsel

64. Signing Statements Statements appended to bills signed into law by the president which function as directives to executive branch departments and agencies as to how they are to implement the relevant law.

65. Source: CBS News

66. Hamdan v. Rumsfeld (2006)

68. In recent years, signing statements have been used to effectively nullify legislation as it relates to the Executive Branch, rather than veto it .

70. Source: New York Times

71. Signing Statements MONROE to CARTER

72. Signing Statements REAGAN to CLINTON

73. President Bush’s Signing Statements 147 TOTAL 1 2007 23 2006 14 2005 24 2004 27 2003 34 2002 24 2001 Number of Signing Statements YEAR

74. How are President Bush’s signing statements different?

75. Generally, President Bush's signing statements tend to be brief and very broad, & seldom cite the authority on which the president is relying for his reading of the law.

76. Signing Statements EXAMPLES

77. Signing Statements PROBLEMS

82. “… the most insignificant office that ever the invention of man contrived or his imagination conceived.” John Adams, the first Vice-President

83. “… not worth a pitcher of warm piss.” John Nance Garner, the 32nd Vice-President

84. “ Once there were two brothers. One went away to sea; the other was elected Vice-President of the United States. And nothing was ever heard of either of them again.” Thomas R. Marshall, the 28th Vice-President