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Prop%trading:%Analyze%compression%twice%per%year%%
      Opera7onal:%repor7ng%requirements%


  Clearing%               OTC%Threshold%



 Margin       %    No7onal    %       Credit   %
                                                   5
6
Before                                             After
                 “Equivalent” all or within
                 “Tolerances”:
                      P/L: unrealized is
                      cashed in or out

                     Credit exposure

                     Overall volume / zero

                     Volume by time buckets

                     Dates: Delivery, Start,
                     End, Strike, Payment      Less trades “Buys”
                                               Less trades “Sells”:
Thousands of         Underlying physical /
trades “Buys”                                   LESS NOTIONAL
                     financial: ie NBP Gas
Thousands of                                     LESS USE OF
trades “Sells”                                     THE EMIR
                                                 THRESHOLD!!! 7
Termina7on%
                                                      Nego7a7on%
                                          Valua7on%
                              Trade%
                              matching%
              Agree%with%
              counterparty%
Agree%
Internally%




                                                                                 8
Front%Office%



              Market%Risk%                                          Credit%Risk%




Opera7ons%
 (physical%                                                                         Legal%
 delivery)%
                                           My%
                                         Company%


                                                                             Informa7on%
      Finance%
                                                                             Technology%




                             Backoffice%                  Treasury%

                                                                                             9
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          11
Bilateral%


                  %                                       %
        %                    %                   %                  %


%                                    %   %               My%                 %
                Cpty.%                                   Co.%

    %                            %           %                          %

            %            %                           %          %



                                                                        12
%
                                                                                                                                     %
                                                                                                                                                %
                                                                                                                                                                                   Mul7lateral%
                                        %                                                              %                                                        %
                        %                                   %                                                                      Cpty.%

                                                                                                           %                                            %
            %                                                       %
                                    Cpty.%
                                                                                                                               %            %

                %                                               %

                                %               %                                    %“Place”,%
                                                                                       Rules,%                                                                               %
                                                                                      Engine%
                                                                                                                                                                    %                  %

                                                                        Same%
                                                                        Day,%                                                                       %                       My%                %
                                                                        Time%                                                                                               Co.%
                            %
        %                                   %                                               Mul7lateral%                                                    %                              %
                                                                                             service%
                                                                                                                                                                        %          %
%                                                       %
                        Cpty.%

    %                                               %
                                                                                            %
                    %               %                                            %                             %


                                                                         %                                                 %
                                                                                          Cpty.%

                                                                             %                                         %

                                                                                      %            %                                                                                               13
Step              Bilateral        TriReduce®             Ovovis®
1-Agree terms with
Counterparty
                                              ☕                    ☕
                                        Standard terms       Standard terms
2- Agree terms
within my Company

3- Trade matching
                                              ☕                    ☕
                                        Engine matches     Triangles, no match
                                                                 required
4- Valuation
                                                                   ☕
                                          MtM as given    Engine: price, volume,
                                                                  value
5- Negotiation
                                              ☕                    ☕
                     Win-Lose, (W-W?)       Win-Win             P/L neutral
6- Documentation
                                              ☕                    ☕
                                            Standard     Standard: adds trade to
                                                         simplify, no termination
6- Termination
                                              ☕                               14
                                            Standard
Benefits'/'Risks'               Bilateral'              TriReduce®'                Ovovis®'
1S%EMIR%Benefit%
                                                                                       %
                     “Flexible”%tolerances,%choose%             %vs%    Mix     %(EMIR%value%up%if%
                         who,%what%                      Mul7ple%             not%terminated)%
2SPar7es%in%/%out%

3S%Confiden7ality%

4S%Benefit%Margin%
Credit,%Opera7on%

5S%Profits%or%
Losses%
                              WinSLose%                  WinSWin%       Neutral,%then%Bilateral%
6S%Resources%

7S%Time%to%
termina7on%
                     Agree,%Nego7a7on%Engine?%           2S6%days%             2S3Sdays%%
(not%working%
                                 %                           %             Plus%Nego7a7on%
hours)%
                          Plus%opera7ons%             Plus%opera7ons%      Plus%opera7ons%
8S%Cost%                     Internal%plus%           Cash%out%plus%           Cash%out%plus%
                                Internal%               Internal%                Internal% 15
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          16
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•    Disclaimer: To the extent permitted by law, neither Crediten Ltd nor its presenters will be
     liable by reason of breach of contract, negligence or otherwise for any loss or consequential
     loss occasioned to any person acting omitting to act or refraining from acting in reliance
     upon the course material or presentation of the course or, except to the extent that any such
     loss does not exceed the price of the course, arising from or connected with any error or
     omission in the course material or presentation of the course. Consequential loss shall be
     deemed to include, but is not limited to, any loss of profits or anticipated profits, damage to
     reputation or goodwill, loss of business or anticipated business, damages, costs, expenses
     incurred or payable to any third party or any other indirect or consequential losses. Except
     as expressly and specifically provided in this agreement: you assume sole responsibility for
     results obtained from the use of the training and for conclusions drawn from such use.
     Crediten Ltd shall have no liability for any damage caused by errors or omissions in any
     information, instructions or scripts provided to Crediten Ltd by you in connection with the
     training, or any actions taken by Crediten Ltd at your direction; and all warranties,
     conditions and other terms implied by statute or common law are, to the fullest extent
     permitted by law, excluded from this agreement.
•    Nothing in this agreement excludes or limits the liability of Crediten Ltd for: death or
     personal injury caused by the Crediten Ltd's negligence; fraud or fraudulent
     misrepresentation; or any other liability which cannot lawfully be excluded or limited.

•    Intellectual property rights: all Intellectual Property Rights and all other rights in the
     training materials shall be owned by Crediten Ltd.
•    CREDITEN LIMITED COPYRIGHT 2012


                                                                                                       18

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Diana Higgins Bilateral Compression

  • 1.
  • 2. 2
  • 5. Prop%trading:%Analyze%compression%twice%per%year%% Opera7onal:%repor7ng%requirements% Clearing% OTC%Threshold% Margin % No7onal % Credit % 5
  • 6. 6
  • 7. Before After “Equivalent” all or within “Tolerances”: P/L: unrealized is cashed in or out Credit exposure Overall volume / zero Volume by time buckets Dates: Delivery, Start, End, Strike, Payment Less trades “Buys” Less trades “Sells”: Thousands of Underlying physical / trades “Buys” LESS NOTIONAL financial: ie NBP Gas Thousands of LESS USE OF trades “Sells” THE EMIR THRESHOLD!!! 7
  • 8. Termina7on% Nego7a7on% Valua7on% Trade% matching% Agree%with% counterparty% Agree% Internally% 8
  • 9. Front%Office% Market%Risk% Credit%Risk% Opera7ons% (physical% Legal% delivery)% My% Company% Informa7on% Finance% Technology% Backoffice% Treasury% 9
  • 10. 10
  • 11. •  •  –  •  –  11
  • 12. Bilateral% % % % % % % % % % My% % Cpty.% Co.% % % % % % % % % 12
  • 13. % % % Mul7lateral% % % % % % Cpty.% % % % % Cpty.% % % % % % % %“Place”,% Rules,% % Engine% % % Same% Day,% % My% % Time% Co.% % % % Mul7lateral% % % service% % % % % Cpty.% % % % % % % % % % Cpty.% % % % % 13
  • 14. Step Bilateral TriReduce® Ovovis® 1-Agree terms with Counterparty ☕ ☕ Standard terms Standard terms 2- Agree terms within my Company 3- Trade matching ☕ ☕ Engine matches Triangles, no match required 4- Valuation ☕ MtM as given Engine: price, volume, value 5- Negotiation ☕ ☕ Win-Lose, (W-W?) Win-Win P/L neutral 6- Documentation ☕ ☕ Standard Standard: adds trade to simplify, no termination 6- Termination ☕ 14 Standard
  • 15. Benefits'/'Risks' Bilateral' TriReduce®' Ovovis®' 1S%EMIR%Benefit% % “Flexible”%tolerances,%choose% %vs% Mix %(EMIR%value%up%if% who,%what% Mul7ple% not%terminated)% 2SPar7es%in%/%out% 3S%Confiden7ality% 4S%Benefit%Margin% Credit,%Opera7on% 5S%Profits%or% Losses% WinSLose% WinSWin% Neutral,%then%Bilateral% 6S%Resources% 7S%Time%to% termina7on% Agree,%Nego7a7on%Engine?% 2S6%days% 2S3Sdays%% (not%working% % % Plus%Nego7a7on% hours)% Plus%opera7ons% Plus%opera7ons% Plus%opera7ons% 8S%Cost% Internal%plus% Cash%out%plus% Cash%out%plus% Internal% Internal% Internal% 15
  • 16. •  •  –  –  •  –  16
  • 17. 17
  • 18. •  Disclaimer: To the extent permitted by law, neither Crediten Ltd nor its presenters will be liable by reason of breach of contract, negligence or otherwise for any loss or consequential loss occasioned to any person acting omitting to act or refraining from acting in reliance upon the course material or presentation of the course or, except to the extent that any such loss does not exceed the price of the course, arising from or connected with any error or omission in the course material or presentation of the course. Consequential loss shall be deemed to include, but is not limited to, any loss of profits or anticipated profits, damage to reputation or goodwill, loss of business or anticipated business, damages, costs, expenses incurred or payable to any third party or any other indirect or consequential losses. Except as expressly and specifically provided in this agreement: you assume sole responsibility for results obtained from the use of the training and for conclusions drawn from such use. Crediten Ltd shall have no liability for any damage caused by errors or omissions in any information, instructions or scripts provided to Crediten Ltd by you in connection with the training, or any actions taken by Crediten Ltd at your direction; and all warranties, conditions and other terms implied by statute or common law are, to the fullest extent permitted by law, excluded from this agreement. •  Nothing in this agreement excludes or limits the liability of Crediten Ltd for: death or personal injury caused by the Crediten Ltd's negligence; fraud or fraudulent misrepresentation; or any other liability which cannot lawfully be excluded or limited. •  Intellectual property rights: all Intellectual Property Rights and all other rights in the training materials shall be owned by Crediten Ltd. •  CREDITEN LIMITED COPYRIGHT 2012 18