JAB2012 Smart Search Presentation

Smart Search

and Beyond

Who?

Chris Davenport
Production Leadership Team

Smart Search and Beyond

Solving the search problem


Old Joomla Search Sucks!
Cannot rank by
relevance across
content types
Only very crude
filtering
Can be slow to
search


Table of Contents
01 Smart Search so far
02 Smart Search in action
03 Smart Search under the hood
04 Smart Search tips and tricks
05 Smart Search where next?


A Short History
‣ Old Joomla Search
• Introduced in Mambo
• Largely unchanged since

‣ JXTended Finder for Joomla 1.5
‣ Finder Integration Working Group
• Smart Search for Joomla 2.5

‣ Search Working Group


Smart Search for Joomla 2.5
‣ Separate index
‣ Auto-completion
‣ Facetted search
‣ Relevancy ordering
‣ Did you mean?
‣ ...and more besides


Auto-completion


Another example


Under the hood


A problem in two halves


First half: Indexing

INDEX

Raw data


Second half: Querying

Search INDEX Search
queries results


Search results
Search results are rendered purely from
data in the index, not the raw data.


Indexing


Indexing

Parsing Stemming

Tokenisation Analysis

Token aggregation Term weighting

Filtration Classification


Terms index


Parsing
‣ Extract plain text from raw data
• HTML, RTF supported out-of-the-box
• PDF, MS Word could be supported

‣ For example, HTML
• Essentially the same as PHP strip_tags


Tokenisation
‣ Fold to lowercase
‣ Special handling for plus, dash, comma,
dot and quotes
‣ Remove non-alphanumerics
‣ Replace multiple spaces with one space
‣ Special support for Chinese


Token aggregation
On a clear disk you can seek forever
on a clear
on a a clear clear disk
on a clear a clear disk clear disk you
disk you can
disk you you can can seek
disk you can you can seek can seek forever
seek forever
seek forever


Filtration
‣ “Stop word removal”
• Not removed, just given a low weight

‣ jos_finder_terms_common
‣ English only
• Other languages need to add their common
words to the table


Stemming
fishing

fished
fish
fisher

fish


Stemming
‣ “Snowball” is used by default
• Danish, German, English, Spanish, Finnish,
French, Hungarian, Italian, Norwegian, Dutch,
Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Swedish and
Turkish
• BUT it requires PHP extension

‣ “English only” uses a pure PHP stemmer
• Recommended for all English sites


Morphological analysis
‣ Currently uses Soundex
‣ Not used in search as such
‣ Used for the “Did you mean?” feature
‣ If no search results found, then...
• Match on Soundex code
• Return nearest term/phrase by Levenshtein
distance


Term weighting

Context Multiplier
Title 1.7
Text 0.7
Meta 1.2
Path 2.0
Miscellaneous 0.3


Classification


Taxonomies
‣ “Content maps” in Administrator
‣ Basis for facetted search
‣ Multi-level taxonomies not fully
supported (yet)


Taxonomies - drop-downs


Taxonomies - checkboxes


Taxonomies - links


Database ERD


Smart Search Plug-ins
/plugins

/content /finder /system
/finder /categories /highlight
/contacts
/content
/newsfeeds
/weblinks


Smart Search Plug-ins
content/finder finder/[type]
onContentBeforeSave onFinderBeforeSave
onContentAfterSave onFinderAfterSave
onContentAfterDelete onFinderAfterDelete
onContentChangeState onFinderChangeState
onCategoryChangeState onFinderCategoryChangeState


Query parsing
URI argument Query string
Terms q=Some+text Some text
Phrases q=”Some+text” “Some text”
Logical operators q=This+and+that This and that
Before a date d1=2012-05-16 before:2012-05-16
After a date d2=2012-05-18 after:2012-05-18
Content type filter t[]=98233 type:Articles
Taxonomy filter t[]=30922 author:Chris Davenport
Static filter f=2
Highlight qh=Some+text


Results rendering
‣ com_finder
• search Search results
‣ default.php page
‣ form.php
‣ default_results.php

‣ default_result.php For custom types
‣ default_[type].php

‣ mod_finder
‣ default.php Search module


Layout overrides example


Alternative override


Tips and tricks


Tips and tricks
‣ HTML Parser
• Invalid HTML can confuse the parser
• Invalid UTF8 is ignored
• Text in attributes is ignored


When to do a purge
‣ Indexing is incremental so most of the time you don't
need to.
‣ Changes to taxonomies that do not involve changes to
content items
‣ Changes to term weights
‣ Changing the stemmer
‣ Changes to content items that do not trigger the standard
content events
‣ IMPORTANT
• If you have static filters they will be lost when you do a purge.


Tuning Smart Search
‣ Use the CLI for indexing
• http://docs.joomla.org/Setting_up_automatic_Smart_
Search_indexing

‣ Out of memory issues
• Please report out of memory issues so we can
understand them better.
• Reduce batch size
‣ Default is 50. Drop it to 5 or even 1.

• Terms per batch
‣ Can be increased BUT NEEDS APACHE SERVER CONFIG
CHANGE


Where next?


Search Working Group
‣ Meeting at J and Beyond
• 19 May 2012 11:30 AM

‣ Stable ready for merge July 2012
‣ Joomla 3.0 release September 2012
‣ Meeting at Joomla World Conference
• San Jose, California, November 2012


Improved language support
‣ Improve common word support
‣ Improve stemmer support
• Native PHP stemmers?

‣ Improve morphological coding
• Non-English alternatives to Soundex

‣ Mixed language content items
• Language tagging of tokens/terms?


Other possibilities
‣ Preserve static filters on purge/index
‣ Decouple indexing via message queues
‣ Easier support for range queries
‣ Search logging via JLog
‣ Variable-length token aggregation
‣ Multi-level taxonomies
‣ Add parsers for PDF, MS Word


Search API
‣ Very important going forward
‣ Too big a leap for Joomla 3.0
‣ Develop in parallel during 3.x cycle
‣ Use in Smart Search for Joomla 4.0


Documentation

http://docs.joomla.org/Category:Smart_Search


Questions?


Don't forget

Search Working Group
Meeting
Saturday 19 May 2012
11:30 AM


Haystack - Mark Duncan CC-BY-SA 2.0 Generic
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AHaystack_-_geograph.org.uk_-_462934.jpg

Under the hood - ilovebutter CC-BY 2.0 Generic
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Trabant_601_S_of_Trabi_Safari_in_Dresden_8.jpg

Child sucking thumb - Thahira CC-BY-SA 3.0 Unported
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sucking_finger.jpg

Future car - Arthur C. Bade (1899–1975), Science and Mechanics Publishing - Public domain
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Car_of_the_Future_1950_unrestored.jpg

Magician - Kellar: Levitation, magician poster, ca. 1894 - CC-BY 2.0 Generic
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flickr_-_%E2%80%A6trialsanderrors_-_Kellar,_Levitation,_magician_poster,_ca._1894.jpg

Index pages - Starbäck (1828-1885) and Föreningens Boktryckeri, Norrköping, Sweden (scanned by Ristesson Ent.) - Public
domain
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Index_Pages.jpg

Twenty Questions - DuMont Television/Rosen Studios, New York-photographer. - Public domain
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:20_questions_1954.JPG

Linnaeus taxonomy - Public domain
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Linnaeus_-_Regnum_Animale_%281735%29.png

All other images are Copyright (C) 2012 Chris Davenport unless I've accidentally missed crediting them.

Image Credits

JAB2012 Smart Search Presentation

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