1. CLASSROOM
INTERACTION
Van Lier, L. (1984). Analysing interaction in second
language classrooms. ELT Journal, 38(3), 160-169.

2. KEY NOTIONS
turn-taking
learner initiative
repair & correction

3. THE SECOND LANGUAGE
CLASSROOM
Is the classroom “a world of its own”
OR
should language classrooms resemble real-life?

4. What’s this a picture of?
Abdul?
Hacksaw.
A hacksaw, yes a
hacksaw.

5. How many people are
talking? Elly? How
many people?
Two people.
Yes, that’s right. Two
people.

6. TURN-TAKING
T: I’m fine thanks and you? Can you say that? I’m fine
thanks and you?
L: Er, I’m fine too.
T: OK can you just repeat that sentence, I’m fine thanks
and you?
L: Er ((unintelligible))
T: ((unintelligible)) just repeat that sentence, I’m fine
thanks and you
L: I’m fine thanks and you.

7. ACTIVITY FRAMES
T: “repeat after me”
L: “answer the question appropriately”

8. LEARNER INTIATIVE
rights of communication
rotating dyads
speak when spoken to
only teacher can direct speakership creatively

9. INTERACTION &
CORRECTION
4 types of interaction
other-correction versus self-correction

10. SELF-CORRECTION
other-correction is not so much an alternative to selfcorrection ... but rather a device for dealing with
those who are still learning ... it is in that sense only a
transitional usage whose supersession by selfcorrection is continuously awaited (Schegloff et al.,
1977)

11. TEACHERS SHOULD ...
study the turn-taking patterns, the interplay between
topic and activity orientations, and the way
participants repair and correct their own and each
others’ utterances (van Lier, 1984)