Hilary Plass' talk as delivered at the XXV GRETA Annual Conference 2011, University of Granada (Spain).

1. SPEAKING NATURALLY Hilary Plass TESOL-SPAIN

2. CONTEXT Do you know where today’s paper is? 1. Participants: colleague to colleague Setting: staff room 2. Participants: master and servant Setting: breakfast table 3. Participants: husband and wife Setting: living room

3. Who’s talking? A: Do you know where today’s paper is? B: I’ll get it for you A: That’s OK. Just tell me where it is. I’ll get it B: No, I’LL get it

5. Address forms Susan Susie Mrs Wakefield Miss Madam Mummy Susie WusiePusie

6. Pre-sequences: (invitation, request, (news) announcement, closing) 1. You doing anything on Saturday? You haven’t got the DVD of “The Great Gatsby” by any chance have you? 3. Guess what? 4. I – I – I’ve got something awful to tell you 5. Well it’s been great to see you, you know

7. Silence A: Is there something bothering you or not? (1.0) A: Yes or no? (1.5) A: Well? B: No

8. Side sequences A: Are you coming tonight? B: Can I bring a friend? A: Male or female? B: What difference does it make? A: An issue of balance B: Female A: Sure B: I’ll be there

9. Piggy-backing & latched utterances A: we could go and see “The Prophet” that’s a good one B: yeah that’s a good one yeah A: and we have a teaspoon of= B: =paprika A: ground ginger

11. Keeping the floor

12. Relinquishing the floor

13. Nominating next speaker

14. Self nomination

15. Interruptions & overlaps

17. 2. Illustrative Scales 2.1 Communicative Activities Overall Spoken Interaction Understanding a Native Speaker Interlocutor Conversation Informal Discussion Formal Discussion (Meetings) Goal-oriented Co-operation Obtaining Goods and Services Information Exchange Interviewing & Being Interviewed

19. Sustained Monologue: Putting a Case (e.g. Debate)

20. Public Announcements

22. Co-operating

23. Asking for Clarification

24. Production

25. Planning

26. Compensating

29. Vocabulary Control

31. Taking the Floor (Turntaking)

32. Thematic Development

33. Coherence

34. Propositional Precision

35. Spoken Fluencyhttp://www.coe.int/T/DG4/Portfolio/?L=E&M=/documents_intro/Data_bank_descriptors.html

37. Suggesting

38. Appeal to 3rd party

39. Overlaps

40. Repetition

41. Hedges

42. Questiontags

44. Listening responses

45. Piggybacking

46. Linguistically simple (exceptvocabulary)

47. Expressingpreferences

48. Question – answer

49. Description