Goodbye Gutenberg? The real impact of emerging technologies on libraries, publishing and patrons
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Presented at the PaLA Northwest Chapter Workshop, 9/21/12
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Goodbye Gutenberg? The real impact of emerging technologies on libraries, publishing and patrons
- 1. GOODBYE The real impact of emerging GUTENBERG? technologies on libraries, publishing and patrons Chad Haefele Emerging Technologies Librarian, UNC chad.haefele@gmail.com PALA Northwest Chapter Workshop 9/21/12
- 2. OUTLINE/SCHEDULE Morning: Presentation 10:15 - 10:20: Intro 10:20 – 10:25: Gutenberg in 5 minutes 10:25-10:35: The Patron/User Perspective 10:35-10:45: The Library Perspective (both public & academic) 10:45-10:55: The publisher perspective 10:55-11:05: Break 11:05-11:20: Current devices & access methods 11:20-11:50: Tour of ebook platforms & features, time for questions 11:50-Noon: Summing it up: The Gutenberg Parenthesis & questions Noon – 1:00: Lunch
- 3. OUTLINE/SCHEDULE Noon – 1:00: Lunch Afternoon: Hands-on & groupwork 5 minutes: feature brainstorming 5 minutes: reporting 25 minutes: experimenting with an ebook platform 5-10 minutes: reporting & discussion
- 4. ABOUT ME
- 5. ABOUT ME
- 6. PAPERWHITE
- 7. GUTENBERG IN 5 MINUTES
- 8. THE GUTENBERG PARENTHESIS Scribes & Oral tradition Books ? 1439ish Todayish
- 11. PEW INTERNET REPORT: LIBRARIES, PATRONS, AND E-BOOKS 12% of ebook readers borrowed an ebook from their library in the last year. 35% checked out a print book. 62% don‘t know if their library lends ebooks, while more than 75% of libraries do have them. 56% tried to borrow an ebook, but found the library didn‘t have it.
- 12. PEW INTERNET REPORT: LIBRARIES, PATRONS, AND E-BOOKS 46% of those who do not currently borrow e- books from libraries say they would be ―very‖ or ―somewhat‖ likely to borrow an e-reading device that came loaded with a book they wanted to read. Library card holders are more than twice as likely to have bought their most recent book than to have borrowed it from a library. 55% of the e-book readers who also had library cards said they preferred to buy their e- books
- 13. PEW INTERNET REPORT: LIBRARIES, PATRONS, AND E-BOOKS ―Fast, easy, plentiful.‖
- 14. RIGHT OF FIRST SALE
- 16. INHERITANCE?
- 18. WHY ARE LIBRARIES DIFFERENT?
- 19. WE CAN STILL LEND A PHYSICAL OBJECT
- 20. WHAT‘S LEFT?
- 22. PENGUIN • Small pilot program • Available 6 months after publication, for 1 year license The renewable one-year expiration date on e-books, meanwhile, is designed to mimic the natural shelf life of print books. – Intervivew with Tim McCall, vice president of online sales and marketing at Penguin, in the Washington Post 6/20/12
- 23. HARPERCOLLINS • A library ebook can only be checked out 26 times
- 24. RANDOM HOUSE • Library ebooks cost more Average of 35% more, sometimes 300%
- 25. HACHETTE • Library ebooks cost more Recently increased by an average of 104%.
- 26. SIMON & SCHUSTER, MACMILLAN
- 28. bit.ly/noebooks
- 29. RIGHT OF FIRST SALE
- 30. PRIVACY What does Amazon know?
- 31. ALA‘S EBOOK BUSINESS MODELS Essential features: Restrictions: Inclusion of all titles Single user Enduring rights Limited number of loans Integration Variable Pricing InterLibrary Loan limits
- 34. BIG PROJECTS
- 35. UNC SURVEY Question was asked only to those who indicated they ever use ebooks (76% overall) and use a device to read them (72% of those who said they ever use ebooks). Multiple responses were allowed.
- 36. UNC SURVEY
- 37. UNC SURVEY
- 39. UNC SURVEY An ebook is … ―any book, textbook, novel, etc that I can download and read on kindle or ipad or another device. It‘s electronic, downloadable‖ ―E-readers are sterile. Real books enhance the enjoyment of my reading experience.‖ ―There are many things which e-books cannot do, especially when it comes to an understanding of the book as an object rather than simply a container of text.‖
- 41. ―FRICTION‖ • ―We want to insure that customers who have typically been book buyers do not migrate their purchasing into borrowing as accessibility to our books becomes frictionless.‖ –Alison Lazarus, President Of Sales, Macmillan • ―Some publishers like the idea of in-library lending of ebooks as a way to recreate the ―friction‖ of a print transaction: The patron has to physically go to the library.‖ The Digital Shift, February 2012
- 44. AUTHORS Neil Gaiman: ―I think it's incredibly disappointing.‖ ( i n r e f e r e n c e to H a r p e r C o l li n s ‘ 2 6 c h e c ko ut l i m i t ) h t t p s : / / t w i t t e r. c o m / # ! / n e i l h i m s e l f / s t a t u s / 41 2 0 2 8 6 0 3 3 51 8 1 8 24
- 45. AUTHORS Ursula K. Leguin: ―[Publishers‘] policy can be summed up as: Libraries can go to hell.‖ http://bookviewcafe.com/blog/2012/08/27/libra ries-and-ebooks/
- 46. AUTHORS And recorded music — in the sense of what it was when The Beatles arrived — was probably really gone with the advent of cassette tape . Because that was all of what it took to break the monopoly of production, of manufacture. There was never any real way to copy a vinyl record except to make another record, or make a copy on a reel - to-reel machine. It just wasn‘t something you could carry around. But as soon as that cassette tape was there, the monopoly was gone and the things started falling apart … I‘ve yet to come to a ver y clear opinion myself on how that‘s going to play out with printed books, but definitely, something is happening. William Gibson, interview with Wired: http://www.wired.com/underwire/2012/09/william-gibson-part-3-punk- memes/all/
- 47. BREAK!!!!
- 48. DEVICES & ACCESS METHODS
- 49. KINDLES
- 50. FREEBIE?
- 51. NOOKS
- 52. OTHER EREADERS
- 55. OTHER TABLETS
- 56. DON‘T FORGET PC S
- 57. PLATFORM TOUR
- 59. KINDLE/NOOK ECOSYSTEMS https://read.amazon.com/
- 63. 1.The user needs to create an Adobe ID: https://www.adobe.com/cfusion/membership/index.cfm?nl=1&nf=1 2. The user needs to install Adobe Digital Editions, a free piece of software for PCs and Macs: http://www.adobe.com/products/digitaleditions/. 3. Open the ebook in Ebrary and click the Download button near the top of the screen. 4. You'll have to sign in with an Ebrary account, or create one. 5.In the bottom section of the pop-up window, select "download the entire document for 14 days in Adobe Digital Editions format". 6. Click OK at the bottom to start the download. A small file with a .acsm extension will download. 7. Open the .acsm file. Adobe Digital Editions will launch and download the whole book. Log in with the Adobe ID created in step 1 if asked. 8. Click the Library icon in the upper left corner. At this point the book can be read on the computer or transferred to an eReader device. 9. Plug the eReader into the computer. It should show up in the left column of Digital Editions. 10. Drag and drop the book from the right side of the page onto the eReader's icon in the left column.
- 65. EBL
- 67. SAFARI / OREILLY / PROQUEST Safari sample ebook
- 68. SPRINGERLINK Link
- 69. GUTENBERG REDUX
- 71. OTHER ISSUES Demand-Driven Acquisition Vendor lock-in Accessibility What does ‗ownership‘ or ‗perpetual access‘ mean in a license?
- 72. EBOOK TOOLS
- 73. CALIBRE
- 75. LENDLE
- 77. PRICE COMPARISON Inkmesh.com Leatherbound.me
Editor's Notes
- Morning: Presentation10:15 - 10:20: Intro10:20 – 10:25: Gutenberg in 5 minutes10:25-10:35: The Patron/User Perspective10:35-10:45: The Library Perspective (both public & academic)10:45-10:55: The publisher perspective10:55-11:05: Break11:05-11:20: Current devices & access methods11:20-11:50: Tour of ebook platforms & features, time for questions11:50-Noon: Summing it up: The Gutenberg Parenthesis & questionsNoon – 1:00: Lunch
- My cred as an e-readerRocket readerREB1100Sony ReaderKindle KeyboardKindle TouchiPad/Xoom
- TARGET: Finish at 10:15My cred as an e-readerRocket readerREB1100Sony ReaderKindle KeyboardKindle TouchiPad/Xoom
- My preference is e-ink, but screens if necessary. Feel bad printing.
- TARGET: Finish at 10:25Jeff Jarvis – CUNY, TWIGAround 1439Intro to parenthesis idea here: Prof. L.O. Sauerberg, U of Southern DenmarkThe period during which the distribution of text through time & space was dominated by print – paper & booksBefore: oral tradition & scribesDuring: Printing press opened it, 500 years of dominance. Books are considered finishsed and whole. After: ? Transitioning now, challenged by digital cultureDoes ‘book’ have a meaning?Sauerberg says we’re at the dawn of a shift just as big as the printing pressA “second orality based on a return of fluidity in communication”Assumption that a work will be complete, finished, and not merely fragments. Not so before & afterMust of this presentation covers efforts to stay inside the parenthesis.Web.mit.edu/comm-forum/forums/gutenberg_parenthesis.html
- Intro to parenthesis idea here: Prof. L.O. Sauerberg, U of Southern DenmarkThe period during which the distribution of text through time & space was dominated by print – paper & booksBefore: oral tradition & scribesDuring: Printing press opened it, 500 years of dominance. Books are considered finishsed and whole. After: ? Transitioning now, challenged by digital cultureDoes ‘book’ have a meaning?Sauerberg says we’re at the dawn of a shift just as big as the printing pressA “second orality based on a return of fluidity in communication”Assumption that a work will be complete, finished, and not merely fragments. Not so before & afterMust of this presentation covers efforts by various parties to stay inside the parenthesis. Good? Bad?Web.mit.edu/comm-forum/forums/gutenberg_parenthesis.html
- TARGET: Finish at 10:35Not talking about generalconsumer perspective – only scoped to librariesThey just want it to work
- OK, one thing about general consumershttp://www.statista.com/statistics/201401/e-reader-use-in-the-united-states/Rates doubled over 2011 holiday seasonReality is that most consumers have some kind of e-reader (PC etc).
- Point out discord around spelling of ‘ebook’http://libraries.pewinternet.org/2012/06/22/libraries-patrons-and-e-books/Kindle loans only started in sept. 201112% is really 2% of all Americans 16 & older.
- Point out discord around spelling of ‘ebook’http://libraries.pewinternet.org/2012/06/22/libraries-patrons-and-e-books/Kindle loans only started in sept.2011Device loans work for now, but what happens when everyone owns a device already?
- When asked what library ebooks should be
- What about right of first sale?They like buying stuff, lending stuff, etc.Mention lendle.mePricing issues
- Inflexible checkout times – 1000 pages in 2 weeks? What about 4000 pages?
- TARGET: Finish at 10:35Inheritance?What happens when you die?Non-transferable license.DRM-free isn’t a big dealShare password – but can’t subdivide & merge. Accessvs true ownershipSide reminder: Music hit all these issues first. Publishers learned lessons, can we? How many of you lend MP3s in a meaningful way?
- TARGET: Finish at 10:45Public Library perspective
- Verbal approval onlyDRM + DMCA = criminal to circumvent. License-violators at best.Exception (2010): can circumvent when read-aloud is disabled
- B&N efforts at device lending – lose 6 device advantageAudiobooks too
- Overdrive: 35 million digital titles were checked out of libraries in 2011, with 17 million holds on e-books that people were waiting for. (from Pew study)Popular fictionMoving between platforms? Technicality only: http://www.startribune.com/154308815.html?refer=yNeed written permission from each publisher3M is similar, but smaller – uproar spreads more slowly
- Plus other smaller ones, but these are the ‘big 6’I don’t have Overdrive at work, but as a patron
- 3M only for pilot (NYPL only) means No Kindle useKilled entirely in February, now back to pilot program in NYC?Stopped sales in Feb. (residency concerns re: NYPL)Began in AugustLeftover titles allowed, but no direct kindle lending
- Limit began in 2011
- Only publisher that will sell entire list of titlesGOT: we pay more for a book very hard to read in the allowed manner
- Announced 9/13 (220%), corrected 9/17roughly 3,500 titles with release dates of April 2010 and earlierPricing chart here: http://blogs.publishersweekly.com/blogs/PWxyz/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/DCL-report-Sheet1.pdfWhat about Pottermore?
- Overdrive is our ally, but a profit-driven one
- Colorado
- Spread the word?
- Again – right of first sale this affects libraries’ funding too
- Surprised they allow itKindle loans completed via Amazon’s site – must log in. Who knows what they’re gathering?
- Americanlibrariesmagazine.org/sites/default/files/EbookBusinessModelsPublicLibs_ALA.pdfIntegration = metadata for catalog (MARC)“…libraries should give more emphasis to the use of public domain and open license ebooks”Possible new model: subscription-based
- $40 device – MR3020
- Tend to live more in the cloudDifferent usage patterns – parts, not the whole. Few would buy otherwise.Single vs multiuserOften subscription-basedMany smaller publishers/providers tooBlurry lines of what is a book. Synthesis Lectures SeriesILL?
- Hathi: “by libraries for libraries”. Intent to preserve long term. 8.7 million volumes in June ‘11. Repository of items scanned via Google & other initiativesA bit confusing to access.OL: “one web page for every book ever published”. IA, Brewster Kahle. 20m books, 1m digitized. Another 200k in ‘lending library’ (need to contribute)GB: lawsuit by Authors’ Guild, 2005
- ~700 surveys, focus groups, interviews
- ~700 surveys, focus groups, interviews
- ~700 surveys, focus groups, interviewsSubstantial subset (over 1/3) still print much of their e-readings$40 gone in days
- Synthesis Lectures Series – experimenting with delivery methods outside the parenthesis. (Morgan & Claypool) ~100 pages
- TARGET: Finish at 10:45But they use them anyway!
- TARGET: Finish at 10:55Other side of the table(largely public-focused here)
- Penguin’s lack of OTA optionForce users to come into library?
- Owned by MacmillanMy experience buying Among Others.Great, but doesn’t apply to librariesEnables 3rd party booksellers – dragonmount.com
- http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2012/sep/07/ebook-price-fixing-judge-settlementWholesale model vs Agency modelWholesale: MSRP & wholesale price provided, Amazon often undercut wholesale.Agency: Price is dictated, seller gets 30% cut. Came about in 2010. Publishers willing to take loss to fight Amazon ‘devaluing’Apple included clause that publishers couldn’t give anyone else a lower price (even wholesale). Apple doesn’t have to compete, still gets 30%Result of agency: retailers lose ability to compete on pricehttp://www.macstories.net/stories/understanding-the-agency-model-and-the-dojs-allegations-against-apple-and-those-publishers/S&S, Hachette, HC settled immediately in April. $69m to compensate readers who bought under agency. Agency model dead.Protested by many, including B&N. Seen as favorable to Amazon’s ‘predatory’ practices.“Do consumers pay more now to enrich publishers, or pay less to boost Amazon's future profits.”
- Others: http://www.teleread.com/library/best-selling-authors-criticize-harpercollins-library-ebook-policy/
- TARGET: Finish at 10:55Others: http://www.teleread.com/library/best-selling-authors-criticize-harpercollins-library-ebook-policy/
- TARGET: Finish at 10:55Others: http://www.teleread.com/library/best-selling-authors-criticize-harpercollins-library-ebook-policy/
- 10:55-11:05
- TARGET: Finish at 11:20Too many to fully count, but we’ll hit the major onesE-ink vs LCD
- G1: 2007WhispersyncBase: $69Too fractured?.mobi format, plus proprietary options
- Bezos’ response in 2010: “Oh, you noticed that”. Smiled.Time has passed.
- G1: 2009Base $99, but includes extra features – touchscreen, backlightepub
- $130, not competitiveG1: 2006epub
- 800lb gorillaLCD vs e-ink-Battery-Sun-LightiTunes store restrictions – no selling
- TARGET: Finish at 11:20The ultimate ubiquitous device
- TARGET: Finish at 11:50Tend to live more in the cloudDifferent usage patterns – parts, not the wholeSingle vs multiuser
- Out of copyright, completely free-international issue – Gone With the Wind AustraliaPre-19231971 – US Constitution, on ARPANETSearch for Dumas, file format options. Bibrec too!Nice mobile site too
- Kindle cloud readerWhispersync-Video & audiobooks tooMetadata for audio!
- Mention 3M hereLC: 23450005424510Not a lot of extra features
- Freevs bookstoreSearch gone with the windLimit to free googleebooksSearch for Dumas, About this Book, download optionshttp://books.google.com/ngrams ‘internet’, look at old resultsMagazine access – great for ads (microfilm before)
- Example: http://search.lib.unc.edu/search?R=UNCb6057977 Package vs. individual purchase (multi/single)Different download options – 60 page limit (crappy pdf) vs entire book (inflexible model)Need separate account to do much
- Not to pick on ebrary. Many are like this.
- Does provide MARCFriction – individual page PDFsOdd page aspect ratios
- Issues with access model
- Terrible reading UICan download some10 pages per PDF download – more frictionLive demo a For Dummies ebook
- Institutional model of individual subscription: http://www.safaribooksonline.com/We don’t quite get the device advantagesBut: flexibility!Technical catalogAccessible! HTML view
- TARGET: Finish at 11:20Weird UI, but easy PDF downloadObjective C for Absolute BeginnersNo-fuss PDF!
- End at Noon! You made it!Are we really heading there? Maybe not anytime soon? Do theoretical capabilities match with reality?Publisher & platforms struggle to extend the parenthesis by fighting against inherent nature of digital textBut people still want it.What’s next? Something we’ve never expected.
- DMCA issues
- Efforts to shut it down – Amazon’s supposed API violations, Lendink mob DMCA shutdownLendle.me
- AldikoStanza – bought by AmazonBooki.sh – bought by Overdrive