1. Matter and it’s Properties Objectives: Distinguish between the physical properties and chemical properties of matter. Classify changes of matter as physical and chemical. Explain the gas, liquid, and solid states in terms of particles. Distinguish between a mixture and a pure substance.

2. Matter and Its Properties Matter – anything that has mass and takes up space Mass – measure of amount of matter Volume – amount of space and object takes up Properties – describe matter

3. Basic building blocks of matter Atom – smallest unit of an element that maintains properties of that element Ex: C, H, Al Element – pure substance made of only on kind of atom Ex: C, H, Al Compound – substance that is made from the atoms of two or more elements that are chemically bonded. Ex: CO2, H2O, C6H12O6

4. Properties and Changes in matter Properties distinguish between substances and separate them Can reveal identity of unknown substance Extensive property – depend on the amount of matter that is present Ex: volume/mass Intensive property – do not depend on the amount of matter present Ex: melting point, density, ability to conduct electricity

5. Physical properties and changes Physical property – characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance. Example : melting point, boiling point, melt, freeze, torn. Physical Change – change in substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance Examples: grinding, cutting, melting, boiling

7. Packed together in fixed position,

8. Held close together by strong attractive forces

10. Close together but can move past one another

11. Move more rapidly than those of a solid

13. Very far apart from one another

14. Move very fast

16. Classification of matter Matter Can it be separated No Yes Pure substances Mixtures Is the composition uniform Can it be decomposed by chemical means No Yes No Yes Heterogeneous (granite, blood) Homogeneous (air, sugar in water) Compounds (water, sodium chloride) Elements (gold, aluminum, Oxygen)

18. Heterogeneous – Not uniform throughou

20. Every sample of a given pure substance has exactly the same composition