1. Kachina Dolls
Kachinas (also katchinas, katsinas, katcinas) exist in western Pueblo culture. The western Pueblo
cultures include Hopi, Zuni, Tewa Village ( on the Hopi Reservation), Acoma Pueblo, and Laguna
Pueblo. In Hopi, the word "qatsina" means literally "life bringer", and can be anything that exists in
the natural world or cosmos. A kachina can be anything from an element, to a quality, to a natural
phenomenon, to a concept. There are more than 400 different kachinas in Hopi and Pueblo culture.
The kachinas assist the Indians in their every day lives and commonly are carved from cottonwood
in the form of various animals such as wolves, owls, deer, ect. Among the Hopi, kachina dolls are
traditionally carved by the uncles and given to uninitiated girls at the Bean Dance (Spring Bean
Planting Ceremony) and Home Dance Ceremony in the summer. The function of the dolls is to
acquaint children with some of the many kachinas. In Hopi the word is often used to represent the
spiritual beings themselves, the dolls, and the people who dress as kachinas for ceremonial dances,
which are understood to all embody aspects of the same belief system. Among other uses, the
kachinas represent historical events and things in nature, and are used to educate children in the
ways of life.