This document discusses emerging business models in the context of disruptive forces in content industries. It analyzes how sectors like music, video and publishing are being "broken" by digital distribution and changing consumer behaviors. Examples of new models focusing on open content and aggregation are mentioned, including open textbook initiatives and the Flatworld Knowledge model of offering open textbooks and supplemental materials through various purchase options. The document concludes that while existing industries face radical changes, new business models are emerging to address these disruptions, though their long term viability remains to be seen. Experimentation with open content and aggregation within existing models is recommended.

1. Modelosde NegócioAbertos Carolina Rossini 29/11/2010 SãoPaulo

2. 1) forças e tendências

3. forças e tendências

4. forças e tendências

5. forças e tendências

6. Agregação de conteúdo forças e tendências

7. forças e tendências

8. 2) Setores “rompidos”

9. music Apple had net revenue of $4.9 billion for “Other music related products and services”. According to a footnote in the 10-K, that includes “iTunes Store sales, iPod services, and Apple-branded and third-party iPod accessories.” The category represented 7.6 percent of total net revenue. http://www.bnet.com/blog/technology-business/itunes-scores-with-the-beatles-but-apple-8217s-music-sales-still-lag/6807

10. "If they want to raise the prices, it means they are getting greedy." [...] Jobs

11. “Others have faced similar battles in recent times, including Blockbuster who filled for Chapter 11 in September of this year, clearly signaling the near death of physical distribution of DVDs.” http://www.finextra.com/community/fullblog.aspx?ID=4754 vídeo

12. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/25/business/25netflix.html?hpw

13. jornais

14. “Roll over, Gutenberg! Publishing legend Jason Epstein says the only way to save the book industry is to get rid of all the books.” http://www.thedailybeast.com/blogs-and-stories/2009-01-08/an-autopsy-of-the-book-business/full/ livros

15. O que está sob ataque aqui não é o DVD, não são os Beatles, livros ou CDs e vinil – o que está sob ataque é a distribuição física de mercadorias que podem ser facilmente digitalizadas.

16. 3) Ruptura no mercado editorial de livros didáticos e científicos

18. iChapters iChapters is Cengage Learning's discount online store for more than 15,000 printed textbooks, eTextbooks, individual eChapters, study help tools, including online homework solutions like CengageNow, OWL, Aplia, Personal Trainer etc. [...,] audio study tools sold as a complete audio book or individual eChapters and select video study tool products" All materials fall under traditional copyright. Downloadable materials are PDFs secured with DRM software from Oracle's SealedMedia and require a proprietary special "unsealer" plug-in for Adobe Acrobat to read the electronic content

20. Iniciativas de autores “self-publishing”

21. Reações

23. “Digital textbooks done wrong” E-textbooks are too expensive • The e-textbooks we surveyed cost on average exactly the same as a new hard copy of the same title bought and sold back to the bookstore.• The e-textbooks we surveyed cost on average 39% more than a used hard copy of the same title bought and sold back online. Printing is costly and difficult • Printing was limited to 10 pages per session for each of the e-textbooks we surveyed.• Buying and printing half of an e-textbook was three times the cost of buying a used hard copy and selling it back to the bookstore, for the books we surveyed. E-textbooks are difficult to access • Students have to choose between using the book online or using it offline - they cannot do both.• Most (75%) of the e-textbooks we surveyed expired after 180 days, so students do not have the option to access their books in the future. http://www.studentpirgs.org/textbooks/reports/course-correction

24. Preço e acesso Preco médio do livro didático sofreu um aumento de 217% no período de 1994 a 2005, subindo de R$2,20 para R$6,97. (IPEA (2007)

25. Dispositivos e acesso

26. http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2013373872_textbooks08m.html

27. Abertura e acesso “…The open provision of educational resources enabled by information and education technologies, for consultation, use and adaptation by a community of users…” (UNESCO, 2002)

28. IP Tools Learning Content Intellectual property licenses to promote open publishing of materials, design-principles, and localization of content. Full courses, course materials, content modules, learning objects, collections, journals Software to support the creation, delivery, use and improvement of open learning content including searching and organization of content, content and learning management systems, content development tools, and on-line learning communities.

31. Open textbooks/learning materials

32. Platforms

33. Open courses

35. Iniciativas “non-profit”

36. Introduction to Economic Analysis R. Preston McAfee, Caltech ISBN: 160049000X Used at: Harvard, NYU, Cal Poly, UC-Santa Barbara, Caltech, Oregon State, Claremont McKenna…. www.introecon.com Online: Free PDF/Word: Free Hard copy: $11.10

37. Collaborative Statistics Barbara Illowsky & Susan Dean ISBN: 9780978745973 Online: Free PDF/Word: Free Hard copy: $31.98 For more information: www.collegeopentextbooks.org

38. Comparação de livros de estatística

42. "through a combination of author donations, licensing partnerships, incentives for community-based authorship, and university collaborations"

43. Future content is planned to be commons-based peer-produced and moderated by CK-12 to align with "an expanding base of learning standards like McRELCompendium“

44. Content is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike licenses with any on-demand printing costs born by users (print on home computer or through on-demand company).

45. Users are encouraged to customize the downloadable content as well

46. a Physics Flexbook for use in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Thirteen scientists, teachers, and professors volunteered to write the book with CK-12's support. The book was written in 2.5 months, including diagrams in high resolution (added to the CK-12 reposition, "keeping in line with the philosophy of open content"), "with another two weeks for quality assurance". (Park 2008)CK-12

49. Focus: online repository for K-12 curricula in the areas of mathematics, science, technology, reading and language arts, and languages.

53. All works can be leased for free online under a Creative Commons non-commercial license, and print-on-demand (POD) copies are available "at reasonable prices“. Some will also be available for purchase in a number of e-book formats, many with enhanced features.

54. A presentation by Dr. Pinter: http://webcast.oii.ox.ac.uk/?view=Webcast&ID=20081121_268Bloomsbury Academic

55. Modelos de Negócio Aberto Caso de Estudo: The Flatworld Model

59. Peer Reviewed Top Authors The Flatworld Model Get Adoptions Make Money Grow Value Open Textbooks Social Learning Affordable Choices Professionally Developed Fully Supported

60. Open Open License Open Platform The Flatworld Model Get Adoptions Make Money Grow Value Open Textbooks Social Learning Affordable Choices Top Authors Authors

62. Open The Flatworld Model Get Adoptions Make Money Grow Value Open Textbooks Social Learning Affordable Choices Top Authors Authors

63. Open Free The Flatworld Model Get Adoptions Make Money Grow Value Open Textbooks Social Learning Affordable Choices Top Authors Authors

64. Open Free No Access Codes Inside LMS The Flatworld Model Get Adoptions Make Money Grow Value Open Textbooks Social Learning Affordable Choices Top Authors Authors

65. Free Open Alternate Formats Softcover Print The Flatworld Model Get Adoptions Make Money Grow Value Open Textbooks Social Learning Affordable Choices Top Authors Audio Self-Print Authors Kindle/Sony (coming)

66. Free Open The Flatworld Model Get Adoptions Make Money Grow Value Open Textbooks Social Learning Affordable Choices Top Authors Alternate Formats Authors

67. Efficient Study Aids Free Open The Flatworld Model Get Adoptions Make Money Grow Value Open Textbooks Social Learning Affordable Choices Top Authors Alternate Formats Authors

68. Efficient Study Aids Free Open Audio Study Guides Online Practice Quizzes Digital Flashcards The Flatworld Model Get Adoptions Make Money Grow Value Open Textbooks Social Learning Affordable Choices Top Authors Alternate Formats Authors

69. Collaboration Free Open The Flatworld Model Get Adoptions Make Money Grow Value Open Textbooks Social Learning Affordable Choices Top Authors Alternate Formats Efficient Study Aids Authors

71. Free Open The Flatworld Model Make Money Grow Value Get Adoptions Open Textbooks Social Learning Affordable Choices Top Authors Alternate Formats Efficient Study Aids Collaboration Authors

72. Diferentes formatos e preços

73. Funciona?

74. Books Authors Platform (56) (27) (3) c

75. ttt Forthcoming Titles Basics of Oral Business Communication by McLean (Nov 09) Basics of Written Business Communication by McLean (Nov 09) Exploring Business by Collins (Dec 08) Financial Accounting by Hoyle and Skender (Nov 09) Franchising: A Graphic Novel by Combs, Ketchen, Short,, & Simon (Aug 09) Fundamentals of Income Tax Theory & Practice by Kiefer (Jan 09) Introduction to Economic Analysis (Iterm. Micro) by McAfee (Jan 09) Launch! Advertising and Promotion by Solomon, Duke, & Nizan (Dec 08) Digital Compass: A Managers Guide to Harnessing IT by Gallaugher (Mar 09) Managing to Succeed: A Graphic Novel by Short, Bauer, Simon, & Ketchen (Mar 09) Money and Banking by Wright & Quadrini (May 09) Organizational Behavior by Bauer and Erdogan (Mar 09) Principles of Management by Carpenter, Bauer, & Erdogan (Mar 09) Principles of Marketing by Tanner, Raymond, & Schuster (Mar 09) Principles of Microeconomics by Rittenberg and Tregarthen (Dec 08) Principles of Macroeconomics by Rittenberg and Tregarthen (May 09) Principles of Economics by Rittenberg and Tregarthen (Jun 09) Risk Management by Baranioff, Brockett, and Kahane (Jun 09) The Path to Sustainable Business by Larson Creative Destruction: The Economics of E-Commerce and the Internet by James Koch Project Management in a Virtual World by Darnall & Preston Personal Finance by Siegel Allyn & Bacon Allyn & Bacon McGraw Hill McGraw Hill Cal Tech / Yahoo Prentice Hall Boston College McGraw Hill NYU / USC Portland State Prentice Hall McGraw Hill Bedford Freeman Worth Bedford Freeman Worth Bedford Freeman Worth Bedford Freeman Worth Harcourt U of VA – Darden School Norton Prentice Hall

77. Top 10 - Razões Get a great books & supplements. Use new editions on your terms. Make your book like your course (or not). Don’t change your life very much. Do change theirs – choice for the first time. Level the playing field – everyone has access. And Immediately. No more access codes. Ever. Integration into your LMS. Did we say no more access codes? Support a market-based solution.

79. Adoção de Modelos Abertos

80. Phase 1 page

82. Pearson, US CEOPeter Cohen “We are now in a transformational period. Everything we have has to be two worlds: print and digital.” “The future of learning is going to be high-quality online material and, to a lesser extent, textbooks.’’

83. Houghton MifflinWendy Colby, senior vice president “The textbook is no longer the center of the educational universe.”

84. Conclusões Existem forças e tendências que estão “rompendo” radicalmente as indústrias de conteúdo e essas não vão desaparecer Novos modelos de negócio estão absorvendo essas forças e tendências mas esses modelos ainda estão sob prova Voce deveria começar a experimentar com conteúdo aberto e agregação dentro de seus modelos de negócios

85. Obrigado! Carolina Rossini Carolina.rossini@gmail.com www.rea.net.br 74

86. Anexo

87. Mais sobre a Flat World Knowledge http://publishingperspectives.com/2010/08/flat-world-knowledges-freemium-textbooks-gain-140000-users-average-34-per-sale/ http://creativecommons.org/tag/flatworld-knowledge http://arstechnica.com/old/content/2008/09/flat-world-knowledge.ars http://www.bnet.com/blog/media/flat-world-knowledge-a-disruptive-business-model/3790 http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE52U3OQ20090331