Rizal's early informal formal education (Binan, Ateneo and UST)

1. B. RIZAL’S EARLY INFORMAL EDUCATION (BINAN, ATENEO, AND UST) The HERO’s FIRST TEACHER (Zaide and Zaide) - Teodora Alonzo y Realonda – good character and refined was Rizal’s first teacher - At the age of three she taught Rizal arithmetic, alphabet and prayers in Latin, Spanish and Tagalog - Story of the Moth - By age six Rizal become adept at drawing, clay modeling and carving - Maestro Celestino and Lucas Padua – 1st private tutors - Don Leon Monroy – taught Rizal Latin and Spanish but died five moths later.

2. EARLY FORMAL EDUCATION (BINAN) June 1869- Dec. 17, 1871 Rizal accompanied by Paciano left Calamba for Binan in June 1869 – With his poker face Paciano gave Rizal a cue on how a man should behave during partings and sentimental occasions. Stayed in his Aunt Tomasa Mercado. Tomasa had an unmarried daughter Margarita and a widower son Gabriel. Rizal’s young kinsfolk were Leandro (mischievous), Florentina (vulgar type) and Arcadia (hot headed, simple and honest) who became his friend.

3. Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz – tall, thin and stooped with a large neck and sharp nose, he believed in “not sparing the rod”. Rizal complained that rare was the day when he did not suffer five or six “palmetazos” on his hands or his behind even though he surpassed all of his classmates in Spanish, Latin and other subjects. Pedro teased Rizal uttering “un poco Senor” 2x who became so vexed, he challenged Pedro to a fight whom he defeated, Rizal having been taught the art of wrestling by his Tio Manuel. Old Juancho – gave and taught Rizal lessons in painting and drawing.

6. Supper – one or two helpings of rice and single piece of fish Lunch – sent first on errand before allowed to sat. For all of these he told his sisters Narcisa and Maria he wanted to go home but was told he can’t go home. Rizal must have felt he was in prison. Rizal in Binan was a struggle, an initiation, cruelty for one so young, felt displaced and as outsider. - He left the country at aged 21, how can Rizal create so detailed a portrait of San Diego – Noli Me Tangere and El Fili?

9. J. Alberto frequented Dona Teodora in Calamba to which the wife interpreted as they were plotting something criminal against her.

10. The wife filed a case against Dona Teodora and her brother Don Jose Alberto and with the connivance of Spanish Lieutenant of guardia civil and assistance of Antonio Vivencio del Rosario, Gobernadorcilio of Calamba, succeeded in arresting Dona Teodora. Forced to walk from Calamba to Sta. Cruz.

12. Returned to Calamba on June 24 for the town fiesta in honor of St. John the Baptist.

14. Boarded in Dona Titay’s a spinster who owed the Mercado’s 300 pesos/dollars?

15. Rizal and bosom friend Pastor Millena daily hopped across the Pasig river on the Puente de Barcas.

16. SUBJECTS: Christian Doctrine, Spanish, Latin, Greek and French; World Geography and History, History of Spain and the Phil. Arithmetic, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, mineralogy, chemistry, physics and botany and zoology, Poetry rhetoric and philo.

18. Rizal an externo Carthaginian was at the bottom but within 3 months became the Emperor and awarded a holy picture for prize and crowned with a grade of SOBRESALIENTE/excellent but got in prolonged sulk for resenting some of Fr. Bech’s remarks – awarded only ACCESSIT – meaning, Rizal was among the leaders but not top of his class.

20. Took private Spanish lesson in Sta. Isabel College SECOND YEAR IN ATENEO – 1873-74

21. Rizal moved inside Intramuros and boarded at Dona Pepay de Ampuero’s boarding house at No. 6 Magallanes St.

23. Don Agustin Saez a peninsular – Rizal’s professor in drawing/painting.

25. Persuaded his father to buy costly set of Cesar Cantu’s historical work “Universal History”

30. SOME POEMS WRITTEN IN ATENEO (Zaide) Mi PrimeraInspiracion (My First Inspiration – written by Rizal before turning 14yrs. Old (1874) dedicated to his mother in her birthday POEMS WRITTEN IN 1875 Felicitacion (Felicitation); El Embarque: el Primero en dar la Juelta al Mundo (And He is Spanish: Elcanon, the First to Circumnavigate the Globe; el Combate: Urbistondo, Terror de Jolo (The Battle: Urbistondo, Terror of Jolo); POEM WRITTEN IN 1876: AlianzaIntima Entre la Religion y la Buena Education (Intimate Alliance Between Religion and Good Education); Por la EducacionRecibeLustre la Patria (Through Education the Country Receives Light); El Cautiverio y el Triunfo: Batalla de Lucena y Prision de Bodbil (The Captivity and the Triump: Battle of Lucena and the Imprisonment of Boadbil); La EntradaTriunfal de los Reyes Catolices en Granada (The Triumphal Entry of the Catholic Monares Into Granada)

31. 1877 POEMS El Heroismo de Colon (The Heroism of Columbus); Colon y Juan II; Gran Consuelo en la Mayor Desdicha (Great Solace in Great Misfortune); Un DialogoAlusivo a la Despedida de los Colegiales ( A farewell Dialogue of the Students) OTHER POEMS Al Nino Jesus (To the Child Jesus); Ala Virgen Maria (To the Virgin Mary) DRAMA – San Eustacio, Martir (St. Eustace the Martyr) finished by Rizal in June 2,1876 upon the request of Fr. Sanchez

32. JESUITS INFLUENCE (Leon MA. Guerrero) Jesuit RATIO STUDIORUM – under tight and constant discipline, with every incentive of competition and reward Control of the minds of men from infancy *RATIO STUDIORUM –”compilation of general principles and detailed instructions for teachers, rather a spirit and a method than a mechanical formula or a blind pedagogical technique” SPIRIT which is infused was the spirit of classical humanities, the arts of human culture; METHOD – combined memory and understanding, t he daily lesson being explained in a “prefection” and recited the next day.

33. *AD MAJOREM DEI GLORIAM - For the greater glory of God; to make steadfast lifelong Catholics, The philosophy of man as creature of a personal God – was the climax of the collegiate course; classes began and ended with prayers and the whole school life was centered on the Chapel; Highest level of extra-curricular activities was found on Congregacion Mariana or Sodality of Our Lady and the Apostatolado de la Oracion, the Apostleship of Prayer – members were students with highest qualities of scholarship and leadership.

34. *Rizal was a pious child – Mother “taught me how to read and say haltingly the humble prayers that I raised pervently to God”; Pilgrimage in Antipolo, Our Lady of Good Voyage; Family praying the rosary every night; “Went often to the Chapel of Our Lady of Peace” (Binan) First day in Ateneo – “How fervently I went to the Chapel of the Jesuit to hear mass, what fervent prayers I raised to God.” Year of Graduation “prayed fervently in the chapel and commended my life to the Virgin”.

35. *RIZAL’s SENSITIVENESS and SELF ASSERTIVENESS Blumentritt’s short biography of Rizal Rizal felt deeply the little regard with which he was treated by the Spanish. He strove to find out what moral right the Spanish xxx has to despise a man who thought like them, learned the same things and had the same capabilities, simply because he had a brown skin and wiry hair… In school there was no difference in the standard of intellect between whites and the Indios.

36. “ A KIND OF RACE JEALOUSY HAD TAKEN HOLD ON RIZAL” He rejoiced whenever he solved difficult problems which his white classmates had been unable to tackle. Had CONVICTION that other things being equal, whites and Indios had the same capacity for mental work and made the same progress. White and Indios had the same mental ability. This explain his sudden improvement in his scholastic record. It was a RACIAL PRIDE as much as the MONASTIC discipline and SECLUSION of boarding school life which had driven him to win five medals a year.

37. In school, the whites were taught in their mother tongue while the Indios have to struggle to learn; hence the Indios were mentally superior to the Spaniards if they succeeded not only in keeping pace with the whites but even in managing occassionally to surpass them. Evaluating “the two years (his last in Ateneo collegiate course) which I considered the happiest in my life, if happiness can be said to consist in the absence of disagreeable cares”.

38. Jose found that the study of poetry and rhetoric” had elevated my feelings”; also that “patriotic sentiments as well as exquisite sensibility had developed greatly in me.” We are bound to interpret those “patriotic sentiments” in the light of his successful experiments in racial capacities.

44. Al M.R.P. Pablo Ramon – Expression of Rizal’s affection to Fr. Pablo Ramon the Ateneo Rector who had been so kind and helpful to him. (Zaide)

45. Abd-el-Azis y Maleoma – composed by Rizal in 1879 which was declaim by an Atenean, Manuel Fernandez, on the night of December 8, 1879 in honor of the Ateneo’s patroness. (Zaide)