Spain Getting Ready For Cloud Computing

Clouds in the sky
What do they announce ? … What are the opportunities ?

TELEFÓNICA I+D
Date: 1-04-09

© 2009 Telefónica Investigación y Desarrollo, S.A. Unipersonal

Forecasts announce that
skies will be “Cloudy”
tomorrow but …

… What do we mean by “Clouds” ?

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Have you ever tried to define
what a real cloud is ?

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There are multiple definitions …

“Cloud computing is an
emerging approach to
“A hosted infrastructure
g the
is usin shared infrastructure in
puting model that delivers
d com eone
“Clou which large pools of
ss som s
abstracted IT resource
e
to acc
ternet systems are linked together
ing on over the Internet”
in
re runn
softwa to provide IT services”!
else's are in s LLC
Thomas Weisel Partner
hardw
else's
meone IBM!
ter”
ata cen
so
lse's d
eone e
som gham
Cunnin
Lewis

“A pool of abstracted, highly
scalable, and managed co
mpute
infrastructure capable of ho
sting
end-customer applications
and billed
by consumption”

Forrester Research

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This is ours …

Clouds refer to the IT infrastructures
enabling Utility-like features
in “X as a Service” models

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Level of abstraction

Software as a Service (SaaS)
Provision of a) desktop software programs or b) business
!!
management applications as a Service

Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Enable to rent a) “containers” where you can run your
!!
application or b) “programming libraries” (e.g., Hash Table)

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Enable to rent a) virtual machine instances to run your
!!
application or b) storage space

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When do we say that a Service is a Utility ?

Ease of use
!!

Pervasive
!!

Hidden complexity
!!

Cheap
!!

Scalable on demand
!!

Reliable
!!

Secure
!!

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Clouds: what make them possible
Cost (medium scale) Cost (large scale)
Resource Ratio
Economies of scale
!! Network $95 / Mbps / month $13 / Mbps / month ~7x
Storage $2.20 / GB / month $0.40 / GB / month ~6x
(Hamilton, 2008)
Admin !140 servers/admin >1000 servers/admin ~7x

Off-peak capacity:
!!
Some services have different peak times
—!
—! Some services in different time zones

Open Source base components
!!

Virtualization technologies
!!

The Web
!!
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Ease of use, pervasive, hidden complexity

Do it yourself, through a Web browser or
!!
API or Web service

Anytime, anywhere (freedom of movement)
!!
and with any device

Easy and instant rollout / cancellation
!!
procedures

Forget about day-to-day maintenance or
!!
upgrades of software/hardware

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Cheap, 30% of IT costs according to Forrester

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Cheap, scalable on demand
Capacity
Ability to Increase/decrease

Resources
!!

Resources
Capacity
resources as demand changes
(handling over- and under-
provisioning) Demand t t
Demand
Elastically : Amazon ECS
—!

Resources
Dynamically: Google App Engine
—!
Capacity
Pay per use models transform
!!
software/hardware costs into a Demand
variable expense instead of a large t
fixed expenditure
Minimized risks:
!!

No up-front costs (nothing to
—!
buy in advance)
Turn-off services you are not
—!
using

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Secure and reliable

Based on enterprise grade hardware
!!

Designed for failures
!!

Automatically migrates virtualized
—!
component over available resources
Use multiple Clouds
—!

Your data is not lost if you loose (or
!!
someone steels) your laptop or USB drive
1 of 10 laptop computers are stolen within
—!
12 months of purchase
66% of USB drive owners report losing
—!
them (over 60% of data is corporate)

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Clouds: The latest evolution of hosting

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Clouds: The latest evolution of virtualization

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Cloud computing and its brother´s buzzwords

Software as a Service, virtualization, grid computing they are all
related to cloud computing but do not necessarily equivalent.
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So some remarks are in order …

Delivering Software as a Service
!!
from the network does not
necessarily means you are doing
Cloud Computing:
You may host software in a single
—!
dedicated server on the Internet
instead of in a Cloud
—! Cloud-based SaaS implies that the
infrastructure dynamically adapts
to demand
Cloud does not equal virtualization
!!
Enabled by technologies that
—!
support virtualization
—! Implement utility-like features on
top of them
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A revolution is on the makings…we
should learn from history

Local IT Infrastructures Cloud Computing

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Is cloud computing going to
revolutionize corporate IT?

“The ultimate goal of a professional CIO should be to render themselves obsolete”
Nick Carr, author of “IT Doesn´t Mattter” and “The Big Switch”

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Challenges / Risks: not ready for enterprises yet?

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Cloud computing, enables new business models:
Web access + dynamically scalable + cheap = “Free” services

The Webmail windfall
from “Free! Why $0.00 Is
the Future of Business”
Chris Anderson,
Wired Magazine
March 2008

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Cloud computing
enables “CapEx-
zero” startup
costs and has
allowed lots of
Web 2.0
companies to
flourish

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What impact has cloud computing
had into the Web/startup world?
Lowers entry barriers
!!

Build a business with a lot less capital
!!

With less skills, deploy a complex,
!!
scalable applications
Best ideas will prevail, execution is
!!
easier
Value in solving problems or having
!!
domain knowledge
Value is in the user experience of the
!!
service/application and not in the
infrastructure to support it
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And for consumers and professionals, it is a
new way of working: Anywhere computing

IT Centric Model Cloud Computing
Device centric User centric
Application centric Task driven
PC and servers Infinite computing
Isolated data Anywhere accessibility
Collaboration with close Wide scale group
peers collaborations

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Cloud computing is a major driver of IT
and communications convergence

Telefónica aims to be the ITC
operator on which you trust that
allows cloud computing to be a
reality

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With Telefónica R&D actively contributing to
improve the state of the art in the area

Key partner in most relevant EU FP7
!!
projects related to Cloud

Active collaboration with major
!!
scientific groups in Spain (of
international relevance)
Cloud chapter in Morfeo
—!

Avanza Nuba proposal
—!

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We believe that the cloud should be open

Open standards are necessary to face
!!
current challenges and barriers to adoption
Security
—!

Data and Application Interoperability
—!

Data and Application Portability
—!

Governance and Management
—!

Metering and Monitoring
—!

Goals of the Open Cloud
!!
Choice
—!

Flexibility
—!

Speed and Agility
—!

Skills
—!

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Future trends in cloud computing

Costs are switching from server
!!
and storage costs to real estate,
electricity, cooling and
personnel!!!

Lots of interesting new ideas are
!!
emerging around micro or nano
datacenters, leverage the power
of the edge (Microsoft, SUN,
Telefonica R&D, Thompson, etc.)

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We should listen to the visionaries….
“If computers of the kind I have
advocated become the computers of
the future, then computing may
someday be organized as a public
utility just as the telephone system is a
public utility... The computer utility
could become the basis of a new and
important industry.”

John McCarthy, MIT Centennial in 1961

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Thanks !!

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Spain Getting Ready For Cloud Computing

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