Unit 3 Class. Second part

1. Causative Factors (Etiology) Health Illness Models M.D. Cecilia Meza From: Abnormal Psychology, by Walter J Coville (1963). UNIT 3

2. The causes of abnormal behavior are many and complex. To understand etiology of mental illness, one must also distinguish between predisposing and precipitating causes, both of which are found in any of the aforementioned classes of factors. Predisposing causes are those factors which have produced in the individual o susceptibility to some form of mental illness. Precipitating causes are those immediate stresses of traumatic incidents which trigger a mental disturbance. Biological Factors Cultural Factors Psychological Factors

6. Infancy Mothering: the infant’s first and most meaning full contact with the world outside himself is his physical relationship with his mother, the extent and quality of this relationship lays the foundation for his basic outlook and his attitude toward the world and himself. Feeding: the principal need the infant feels is engendered by hunger; consequently, the feeling situation is of critical importance in early personality development.

7. Early childhood This is the period in which the first earnest attempts at socialization are made. Parent-child relationships: extreme behavior in any direction between parent and child can be the source of emotional disturbance and later abnormal behavior. Rejection: since the child is dependent on his parents for evolution of himself and of the outside world any rejection on their will produce in him same form of negative rejection. Overprotection: when the parent consciously or unconsciously prevents the child from developing normal independence in his interaction with the environment, the situation of overprotecting is said to prevail. Marital disorder and broken name: basic to the propel development of the child’s personality is the parent’s role in providing him with an environment of parental affection an opportunity to experience authority and discipline in an acceptable manner, a value system and a healthy masculine and feminine identification.

8. Authority and discipline: he ability to adjust adequately to reality situations in our culture demands that the child learn to accept authority. Toilet training: a specific and highly critical phase of the child’s process of socialization is the development of blooded and howl control. Sexual development: the child’s acquaintance with sex begins with his awareness and exploration of his own body. Aggression and hostility: as the child's develops and learns to control his skeletal musculature, he discovers his capacity to respond to the environment with aggressive caution. Extreme frustrations and traumatic experiences: a stereotyped notion about abnormal behavior is that it can be treated to a single traumatic experience. Early childhood

9. Late Childhood The late childhood period normally begins during the sixth or seventh year of life, usually coinciding with the beginning of school for the child. It is a period characterized by vigorous physical growth and the emergency of significant intellectual abilities. During late childhood the child extends his sphere of social activity beyond the family role. Critical areas of adjustment fall into three categories ; physical development, school adjustment and socialization .

14. The End