The document discusses ratios, rates, and unit rates. A ratio compares two quantities, a rate compares quantities with different units like miles per hour, and a unit rate compares quantities where one unit is 1. Ratios, rates, and unit rates are connected in that they each compare quantities, with a rate being a type of ratio and a unit rate a type of rate. Examples are provided for calculating rates, unit rates, and comparing rates to determine a better value.