Web Game Development
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Main aspects regarding Web game development, including several examples and resources of interest.
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Web Game Development
- 1. Dr. Sabin Buraga Faculty of Computer Science, “A. I. Cuza” University of Iasi, Romania www.purl.org/net/busaco Web Game Development ♞
- 2. activity or contest governed by rules ♞ game definition
- 3. activity or contest governed by rules people engage in games for recreation and to develop mental or physical skills ludology ♞ game definition
- 4. “A game is an activity among two or more independent decision-makers seeking to achieve their objectives in some limiting context.” Clark C. Abt ♞ game definition
- 5. “A game is a form of art in which participants, termed players, make decisions in order to manage resources through game tokens in the pursuit of a goal.” Greg Costikyan ♞ game definition
- 6. “A game is a system in which players engage in an artificial conflict, defined by rules, that results in a quantifiable outcome.” Katie Salen & Eric Zimmerman ♞ game definition
- 8. “Game design is the process by which a game designer creates a game, to be encountered by a player, from which meaningful play emerges.” Katie Salen & Eric Zimmerman ♞ game design
- 10. ♞ game classification number of players solitary games versus group (team) games
- 11. ♞ game classification goal gain (gambling) skills achievement strategy
- 12. ♞ game classification theme racing, deduction, sports, action, language games,…
- 14. ♞ game classification player category children youngsters adults elderly people having special needs
- 15. ♞ game classification strategy board games tokens are placed/moved to capture those of the opponent(s) or to accomplish other goals: to gain a territory, to tile or align tokens Chess, Domino, Go, Monopoly, etc.
- 16. ♞ game classification role-playing games each user is playing a character role having distinct properties (attributes) eventually, a main player – called game-master – could exists to guide users through the game
- 17. ♞ game other classic types card games: Bridge, Hearts, Poker, Whist,… chance games: Bingo, Lottery, Roulette, etc. dice games paper & pencil – e.g., Tic-tac-toe puzzles target games: Bowling, Darts, Paintball,… tile games – Mah Jongg serious games
- 18. ♞ electronic game based on an electronic device – arcade machine, handheld device, TV-connected system, computer,… – able to facilitate the interaction between user(s) and software game(s) having human or computer-generated opponents
- 20. ♞ electronic game arcade games video games computer games console games online games Web games
- 21. ♞ electronic game action lots of frantic button pushing adventure the story matters strategy non-trivial choices simulation optimization exercises puzzle hard analytic thinking amusement software you just have fun with educational learning by doing Andrew Rollings & Dave Morris
- 22. mobile game game play turn-based real-time scenario-based connectivity permanent partial not required genre arcade jump & run shooting puzzle fight racing simulation construction history flight strategy turn-based real-time hybridRPG Hojin Cho & Jin-Seok Yang
- 23. mobile game♞ CityQuest – an Imagine Cup 2012 Game Design Finalist (Victor Porof & Alecsandru Grigoriu) www.youtube.com/watch?v=l33obYYtpPQ
- 24. game development …so, I want to be a (Web) game developer! What I must know?
- 25. game development game experience physical reaction (perception, motor responses) user focusgame flow core mechanic narration player roles
- 26. game development game play depends on narrative elements (premise, back-story, synopsis, theme, setting, plot, conflict, realism,…) Jeannie Novak
- 27. game development game play rules implicit or explicit victory/loss conditions
- 28. game development challenges explicit vs. implicit perfect informationlogical challenges versus imperfect informationdeductions (inferences)
- 29. game development challenges pattern recognition & matching spatial awareness micro-management (+game economy) reaction time
- 31. game development game characters playable characters versus non-playable characters (NPCs)
- 32. game development classical archetypes hero, shadow, mentor, allies, guardian, trickster, herald Jeannie Novak
- 33. game development other archetypes protagonist, antagonist, transformational, mistaken, exaggerated, supporting characters Jeannie Novak
- 35. game development points-of-view (POV) first-person POV versus third-person POV
- 36. game development game character design visual design verbal design character movement (+animation) social & cultural aspects naming
- 37. game development sprite-based animation (a well-known technique used in the Web game context)
- 38. game development 3D modeling of a guardian character (requires important computational resources)
- 39. game development game level design games could provide various grade of difficulties or levels adjusted conforming to the user’s abilities
- 40. game development game level design key ingredients: action, exploring, resolving a “mystery” (puzzle), storytelling, esthetics generic approach vs. special cases
- 41. game development each scene of Angry Birds Rio for iPad represents a “special case” of level design
- 42. game development level structure goal, flow, duration, availability, development,… time authentic, limited, variable, user-defined, altered location perspective & camera, terrains & materials, luminosity, effects, dimension, boundaries, realism, style
- 43. game development using artificial intelligence (AI) “AI is the application of simulated reasoning for the purposes of making informed decisions and solving problems.” Brian Hall
- 44. game development using artificial intelligence (AI) AI being intelligent vs. AI appearing intelligent if it looks smart, it is smart
- 45. game development using artificial intelligence (AI) challenge the player modeling NPC behavior (not do dumb things) performing random actions (be unpredictable) giving support for storytelling assuring credibility (create a living world)
- 46. classification neuronal nets, fuzzy logics, etc. biologic system simulation (life systems) genetic / systolic algorithms, swarm particle optimization,… path finding BFS, DFS, Dijkstra, heuristics – e.g., A* method decision making processes automata, decision trees, rule-based systems,… artificial intelligence
- 48. game keywords narration multiplayer physics inventory design multiplatform component reward simulation vocal talents story speed avatar builder flocking adventure FPS trade-off UX stripe rules conflict theme map requirements conquest sound engine NPC scripting antagonist strategy static balance variable time patterns creative design Internet connectivity power consumption game framework 2D / 3D graphics optimization modeling security interaction engineering level template casual game testing database immersion ♞
- 49. game team game creative design vs. game software design www.mobilegamearch.eu ♞
- 50. game production John P. Flynt & Omar Salem ♞
- 51. game main sub-systems User interface Bidirectional event handler Data engine (graphics, level, miscellaneous data) Dynamics system (collisions & general physics) Logic engine (the heart of the game) Graphics engine Sound engine Hardware abstraction layers (interfaces with graphics, sound & controller hardware) Andrew Rollings & Dave Morris ♞
- 52. game secondary sub-systems Game configuration system Menu system Online instructions and help system Music system Andrew Rollings & Dave Morris ♞
- 53. game architecture B. Lau et al. ♞
- 54. game architecture ♞ game kernel available on client-side only – e.g., Web browser
- 55. game architecture ♞ game kernel available on client-side only – e.g., Web browser single-threaded, monolithic multi-threaded, co-operative/pre-emptive (for example, using WebWorkers)
- 56. game architecture ♞ game kernel available on client-side only – e.g., Web browser typical case: single-player casual games
- 57. game architecture ♞ // main loop of a Web game while (true) { // gathering data from user, device, Internet,... input_data_from_user_and_network (); // updating the game general state // (performing a simulation of its world), // plus checking the victory/loss conditions simulate_game_world (); // rendering 2D/3D visual content render_content (); // generating sound effects according to current state generate_sound_effects (); }
- 58. game architecture ♞ game kernel using a client-server approach (a)synchronous communications via Ajax/Comet, server-side events, WebRTC,…
- 59. game architecture ♞ game kernel using a client-server approach examples: multi-user games, including MMORPGs
- 60. game architecture ♞ game kernel adopting parallel computing using divide-et-impera techniques for various tasks (for example, AI or animation)
- 62. M. Zamith et al. main loop of a game running on a networked platform (e.g., cloud)
- 63. AI Renderer 3D Player Model Sound audio Resource Loader Player View Queue Façade Resources conceptual architecture of a game engine based on Jeff Ward NPC Model Externals Model Internals ModelInternals View Externals View NPC View 2D Input user device network
- 64. interacting with the user receiving events on data transfer via network/Web updating the game state and generating a frame of graphical content eventually, creating sound effects game main loop
- 65. interacting with the user receiving events on data transfer via network/Web updating the game state and generating a frame of graphical content eventually, creating sound effects game main loop mouse/keyboard/touch via DOM + APIs Ajax, notifications, WebSockets, WebRTC classic JavaScript, WebWorkers,… DOM, <canvas>, <video>, SVG, WebGL,… <audio>, WebAudio API
- 66. game architecture other aspects of interest: application initialization & termination high-level management of the game state game flow control updating main/secondary sub-systems
- 67. high-level game logic game engine additional components (game frameworks & libraries) rendering engine audio engine 2D/3D graphics libraries low-level sound libraries interaction I/O game runtime – Web browser infrastructure – cloud, virtual machine, OS, hardware
- 68. game resources …oh, so many things to learn! Several interesting Websites & tools?
- 72. profs.info.uaic.ro/~busaco/teach/courses/cliw/web-film.html Web game computing lectures – Client-side Web App Development course, Faculty of Computer Science, UAIC Iasi
- 77. Web Game Development Dr. Sabin Buraga Faculty of Computer Science, “A. I. Cuza” University of Iasi, Romania www.purl.org/net/busaco ♞