1. Heat Stress

2. Hot work environments
• Outdoor work in hot weather
• Foundry work or smelting
• Brick-firing, ceramics or glass
manufacture
1a

3. Hot work environments
• Rubber manufacture
• Work in bakeries,
confectioneries, kitchens
• Laundry operations
• Plastic Mold Operations
1b

4. Personal risk factors
• Age, weight, physical fitness
• Metabolism, medications, alcohol or
drugs
• Water and caffeine consumption
• Medical conditions
• Acclimatization
2a

5. Environmental risk factors
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Air temperature
Humidity
Radiant heat
Conductive heat
sources
• Protective clothing
• PPE
2b

6. Fatigue
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Blood circulates to upper layers of skin
Less blood for internal organs
Performance declines
Coordination and alertness decline
3a

7. Response to fatigue
• Rest in cool, shaded area
• Take heat-relief breaks
• Gradually adjust to working in heat
3b

8. Heat rash
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Results from the body’s natural cooling
Body releases heat through sweat
Sweat ducts become plugged
Skin inflammation develops
Prickly rash is uncomfortable
Rash can become infected
4a

9. Response to heat rash
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Rest in a cool area
Wash the skin
Allow skin to dry
Seek medical attention, if
infected
• Regularly bathe and dry skin
4b

10. Fainting
• Blood accumulates in
lower part of body
• Brain does not get
adequate blood supply
• Sudden loss of
consciousness
5a

11. Response to fainting
• Rest in cool, shaded area
• Gradually adjust to working in heat
• Move around to circulate blood
5b

12. Muscle cramps
Occurs in tired muscles when the worker
sweats profusely and drinks large
quantities of water
6a

13. Muscle cramps
• Painful contractions in the muscle
• Uncomfortable and temporarily
disabling
• Low salt level can cause spasms
• Too much salt can cause cramps
6b

14. Response to muscle cramps
• Rest in cool, shaded area
• Drink about 5 to 7 ounces of fluids
every 15 to 20 minutes
• Avoid caffeinated beverages
or alcohol
6c

15. Response to muscle cramps
• Drink salted or carbohydrate
replacement liquids for recovery
• Gradually adjust to working in heat
6d

16. Heat exhaustion
• Large amounts of fluid lost by sweating
• Symptoms resemble early heat stroke
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Physically weak, fatigued, or faint
Giddy, irritable, or mentally confused
Nauseous
Headache, dizziness,
and/or lightheadedness
7a

17. Heat exhaustion
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Person continues to sweat
Skin is clammy and moist
Body temperature remains normal
Person may vomit or lose
consciousness
7b

18. Response to heat exhaustion
• Rest in a cool, shaded area
• Drink about 5 to 7 ounces of fluids
every 15 to 20 minutes
• Lay person down
• Seek medical attention,
if severe
7c

19. Heat stroke
• Life-threatening condition
• Body’s temperature regulatory system
fails
• Sweating becomes inadequate
8a

20. Heat stroke
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Person’s skin is hot and dry
Skin appears red in color
o
Body temperature is above 103 F
Person is mentally confused or
delirious
• Person can have convulsions
or become unconscious
8b

21. Response to heat stroke
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Get immediate medical attention
Remove to cool, shaded area
Soak clothing with cool water
Fan body vigorously
Never leave unattended
8c

22. What can you do?
• Report symptoms or signs immediately
• Respond to heat illness
• Know company procedures
8d

23. Measuring heat exposures
• Heat index system
• Health and safety agency testing
9a

24. Measuring heat exposures
Work classifications:
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Light hand work
Heavy hand work
Heavy work with one arm
Light work with two arms
Moderate work with the body
Heavy work with the body
9b

25. Controlling heat exposure
Engineering controls
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Shade
Ventilation
Air cooling
Air circulation
Shielding from radiant heat sources
Insulating radiant heat sources
Use of power assists and tools
10a

26. Controlling heat exposure
Personal protective equipment
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Ice vests
Water-cooled garments
Air supply systems
Wet clothing, headbands, or bandanas
10b

27. Controlling heat exposure
Work practices
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Use intermittent rest periods
Drink small quantities of water frequently
Use relief workers
Use the buddy system
Pace the work
Reduce physical demands
Provide cool recovery or shaded rest areas
Schedule work for cooler times of the day
Wear light, loose-fitting, breathable clothing
10c

28. REVIEW
If you notice a person with the following
symptoms:
Physically weak, fatigued, faint, giddy,
irritable, mentally confused, nauseous,
headache, dizziness, and/or
lightheadedness.
These are signs of?
Heat Exhaustion

29. Review Cont.
If a person’s skin is hot and dry
skin appears red in color
body temperature is above 103°F
person is mentally confused or delirious
person can have convulsions
or become unconscious
These are signs of?
Heat Stroke

30. Review Cont.
What do you do when a Coworker is ill
from the heat?
Call a Supervisor for help, or 911 if
Supervisor is not available.
Move to a cooler location.
Fan and mist water on person and apply
ice bags
Provide cool drinking water

31. Review Cont.
Name some Preventive Measures:
•Ventilation
•Air cooling
•Air circulation
•Ice vests
•Water-cooled garments
•Wet clothing, headbands, or bandanas
•Use intermittent rest periods
•Drink small quantities of water frequently
•Provide cool rest areas
•Wear light, loose-fitting, breathable clothing

32. Questions?