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Schwartz's Surgery
Part I. Basic Considerations
Chapter 13. Minimally-Invasive Surgery
Copyright ©2007 The McGraw-Hill
Companies

2. • Minimally-invasive surgery is a means of
performing major operations through
small incisions,
• often using miniaturized,
• high-tech imaging systems,
• to minimize the trauma of surgical
exposure .
• small holes, big operations

3. Historical
• Primitive laparoscopy, placing a cystoscope,
was first performed by Kelling in 1901
• In the late 1950s Hopkins described the
rod lens, with no heat and little light loss
• 4 By the mid-1970s rigid and flexible
endoscopes made a rapid transition from
diagnostic instruments to therapeutic ones
• Fluoroscopic imaging allowed the adoption
of percutaneous vascular procedures, the
most revolutionary of which was balloon
angioplasty

5. Laparoscopic surgery

6. Laparoscopic surgery

7. Laparoscopic surgery
• The unique feature of
endoscopic surgery in the
peritoneal cavity is the need to
lift the abdominal wall from the
abdominal organs.
• used by most surgeons, is the
induction of a
pneumoperitoneum.

8. Laparoscopic surgery

14. Thoracoscopy
Without positive pressure, it is
necessary to place a double-lumen
endotracheal tube so that
the ipsilateral lung can be
deflated when the operation starts

15. Extracavitary Minimally-Invasive
Surgery:
Access for
Subcutaneous
and
Extraperitoneal
Surgery

16. Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Access

17. Robotic Assistance/ Robotic Surgery

18. ENDOSCOPY

21. Endoluminal Surgery

22. Endoluminal Surgery

25. Intraluminal Surgery

30. • THANK YOU