5. Feudal Society
Fortress-Palaces on Hilltops
Skilled craftsmen, artists – ceramics,
metalwork (gold, bronze)
Extensive trade, warfare in Eastern
Mediterranean
Trojan War, ca. 1250 B.C.E.
6. Dorian Invasions (Greeks) destroy
Mycenaean Civilization
Writing System, skilled craftsmen,
artisans disappear
Contact with other Eastern
Mediterranean cultures very limited.
7. Greek Culture begins to emerge
Epic Poetry:
• Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey: ca. 800 B.C.E.
Lyric Poetry:
• Sappho’s Poems: ca. 600 B.C.E.
Architecture: The Doric Temple
• Temple of Hera at Paestum, ca. 560-550 B.C.E.
• Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, 510 B.C.E.
Politics:
• Cleisthenes est. democracy in Athens: 508 B.C.E.
8. Kouros – nude male statues
Kore – clothed female statues
• A new emphasis on the beauty of human body
• Seem to have depicted human heroes;
• Seem to have been used as memorials
• Early Kouros show strong Egyptian influence
9. New York Kouros: ca. 615-590 B.C.E.
http://www.iub.edu/~c101/images/new-york-kouros.jpg
10. Pharoah Menkaure and Chief Queen, ca. 2525 B.C.E.
Photo: Keith Schengili-
Roberts
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image: Used by permission
12. Peplos Kore, Archaic Period, Limestone, ca. 600 B.C.E.
•Found on the Acropolis of Athens
•Egyptian pose modified; less rigid
•Missing left hand extended forward (not across
chest)
•Right arm is bent forward slightly
•Hair is looser, less wig-like
•Clothing is not given much detail, but the shape of
the body is more clearly depicted
•Archaic Smile/Facial Expression overall – more
natural
•Made of marble
http://faculty.evansville.edu/rl29/art105/img/greek_kore.jpg
13. Modern Attempt at recreating original painted version of the
Peplos Kore, Archaic Period
•Chiton – blue garment visible
near ankles
•Peplos – red garment worn
over chiton
•Meniskos – umbrella-like
head covering
Cambridge University, www.chu.cam.ac.uk
14. Anavyssos Kouros: ca. 530 B.C.E.
Memorial to a young man named
Kroisos who died in battle
Inscription on base of statue reads:
“Stand and mourn for Kroisos now dead
Whom wild Ares struck down at the
battleline's head.”
Material: Parian marble
http://www.iub.edu/~c101/images/anavyssos-kouros-color.jpg
18. • intended to convey nobility and dignity
• First phase of Greek classical sculpture
19. • Contrapposto (counterpoise): a posture
that places the body's weight on one leg
and uses the other leg as a support.
• Trend toward greater naturalism
Muscles/anatomy skillfully represented;
• Slight tilt of the head and contrapposto
undermine frontality
20. Attempted to represent motion
Attempted to represent ideal beauty
22. Marble copy of bronze original by
Polykleitos
Polykleitos – developed a canon of
beauty based on proportional
relationships among body parts.
Example: the ideal ratio head/body size
is 1/7.
Opposite arms and legs balance each
other
23. Classical: Zeus Throwing a Lightning Bolt or Poseidon Throwing
a Spear ca. 460 B.C.E. Bronze, 6’11” high
www.historyforkids.org
25. The Dying Gaul, ca. 230-220 B.C.E. Roman copy of bronze orig.
By [http://www.flickr.com/photos/antmoose/ antmoose] {{cc-by-2.0}}
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 License.
26. Laocoon and His Sons Attacked by Serpents (Hellenistic) 175-
150 B.C.E. marble perhaps original)
Public Domain
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Laocoon02.jpg
29. Marcus Aurelius, fragments of a bronze portrait, after 170 CE.
Photograph: Jastrow 2005. Used by permission.
30. Marcus Aurelius - bust in the Louvre, Paris
Source: English Wikipedia, original upload 4 June 2004 by ChrisO
31. Bust of Cato the Elder
Public domain image. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Cato.jpeg
32. Bronze head of Constantine I, Musei Capitolini, Rome. 4th c. C.E.
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Musei_Capitolini-testa_bronzea_di_
Costantino-antmoose.jpg Photo by Anthony Majanlahti, June 4, 2005.Used by permission
33. Head of the colossal marble statue of Constantine I, Musei Capitolini, Rome
Photographer: Markus Bernet Date: 07/10/2004 Used by permission
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Constantine_Musei_Capitolini.jpg
Laocoön and his sons , also known as the Laocoön Group . Copied from the original (ca. 200 BC) by the three Rhodian sculptors Agesander, Athenedoros and Polydorus. Museo Pio-Clementino, Vatican, Inv.1059, Inv.1064 and Inv. 1067. Height: 1,84 m (6').