1. Alkanes

2. Alkanes
 Methane
 Ethane
CH4
C2H6
 Propane
 Butane
General Formula
C3H8
C4H10
CnH2n+2
 Pentane
 Hexane
 Heptane
 Octane
C5H12
C6H14
C7H16
C8H18

3. Alkanes
 Alkanes
are saturated hydrocarbons, as all
bonds in alkane molecules are single bonds

4. Methane CH4

5. Ethane C2H6

6. Propane C3H8

7. Butane C4H10

8. Pentane C5H12

9. Alkanes
 Alkane
molecules
are tetrahedral, e.g.
propane

10. Physical properties
 Physical
state: The first four alkanes are
gases, while pentane and higher alkanes are
liquids
 Insoluble in water
 Soluble in non-polar solvents such as
cyclohexane

11. Uses
 Used
as fuels
 Petrol, diesel, LPG and natural gas are all
mixtures of alkanes