Cloudstack talk

Integrating
CloudStack
with Puppet

Saturday, December 1, 12

About me:

Dan Bode
Integration Specialist at PuppetLabs

@bodepd

bodepd <on> freenode


Who is this talk for?

current CloudStack Users

Puppet beginners


It will cover

why integrate?

explanation of Puppet’s architecture as it applies to
integration

using Puppet to model VM instances


Why Integrate?


Why integrate?

CloudStack provides an API for provisioning virtual
machines

deployVirtualMachine

Self Service API

VM1


Why integrate?

Puppet converts freshly provisioned VMs into
functional applications

Self Service APi

Make me an
VM1 apache server
Here are the
instructions for
becoming an
Puppet
apache server
Master


Why integrate?

Combined, they create fully automated application
stacks.

deploy me a DB,
then 2 apache servers

Self Service APi

DB1 Apache1 Apache2


Understanding
Puppet


2 run modes

puppet apply - all content is stored on the individual
nodes. commonly used for testing (or for scale)

client/server - content is served from a central
master (this is what we will be talking about)


A Puppet client/server run

Classifier Modules

Master

Facts Catalog

VM1


Facter returns system specific
information

Classifier Modules

Master

Facts Catalog

Agent


Facter

to see a system’s facts, run

$ facter
architecture => x86_64
domain => local
facterversion => 2.0.0
fqdn => DansLapTop.local
hardwareisa => i386
hardwaremodel => x86_64
id => danbode


Facter

Nodes submit their facts as a part of the request
for catalog.

Available as top scope variables from manifests

ie : $::fact_name

Creating custom facts is easy.


Modules
Classifier

Master

Facts Catalog

VM1


Modules

Sharable content composed of classes and defined
resource types (configuration interfaces).


Module Forge

http://forge.puppetlabs.com/

http://forge.puppetlabs.com/puppetlabs/apache


Classes/defines compose resources


Resources

Describe the conﬁguration state of individual system
elements.

user { ‘dan’:
ensure => present,
shell => ‘/bin/bash’,
}


Resources

Describe the conﬁguration state of individual system
elements.

user { ‘dan’: # a user named dan
ensure => present, # should exist
shell => ‘/bin/bash’, # with this shell
}


Resources

package { ‘apache2’: # a package named apache2
ensure => present, # should be installed
}


Puppet DSL and resources


Puppet DSL and Resources

The Puppet DSL can be used to compose collections of
resources into classes or deﬁned resources.


Example apache class
class apache {
package { ‘apache2’:
ensure => present,
}
ﬁle { ‘/etc/apache2/apache2.conf’:
content => template(‘apache2/apache2.erb’),
require => Package[‘apache2’],
}
service { ‘apache2’:
ensure => running
subscribe => File[‘/etc/apache2/apache2.conf’]
}
}



Classifier
Modules

Master

Facts Catalog

VM1


Classification

Process that determines how Puppet maps a role
to a specific instance.


Site manifest

Master
/etc/puppet/manifest/site.pp

The master utilizes code from its site manifest to ﬁgure
out how to assign a role to a node.


Site manifest
Node blocks map a host’s certname to content from a
module

node /^my_node/ {
include apache
}


Determine role based on facts
deploy me an apache server

Self Service APi

Apache1


Determine role based on facts

‘deployVirtualMachine’ -> userdata -> facts

node default {
if $::role == ‘apache’ {
include apache
} else {
fail(“Undeﬁne role: ${role}”)
}
}


Decouple role assignment from
provisioning
After provisioning is completed, ssh into a machine,
set a custom fact (using facts.d), and trigger a
puppet run.

pros - you can easily execute a script to install and
bootstrap puppet

cons - extra step


facts.d

facts.d comes with stdlib
(http://forge.puppetlabs.com/puppetlabs/stdlib)

it converts any ‘key=value’ pairs listed in /etc/
facts.d/*.txt into facts


ENC
ENC

Master

The master can call out to arbitrary executables to
ﬁgure out how a node should be classiﬁed.


ENC
You can set the ‘group’ attribute with classiﬁcation
information when instances are created.

The ENC can then query the ‘group’ attribute from the
VM instance that needs to be classiﬁed.



Classifier Modules

Master

Facts
Catalog

VM1


Catalog
Collection of resources that describe how a node can
achieve a speciﬁed conﬁguration.


Catalog
Resources
Catalog
Package

Package File

File
User User

Service
Dependencies Service


VM provisioning with Puppet
(experimental! use cases
appreciated)


Share Application Stacks as text

class my_app_stack {
cloudstack_instance { 'foo4':
ensure => present,
group => 'role=db',
}
ensure => present,
group => 'role=apache',
}
}


Use resource defaults for
common settings
Cloudstack_instance {
image => 'CentOS 5.6 key+pass',
flavor => 'Small Instance',
zone => 'ACS-FMT-001',
network => 'puppetlabs-network',
keypair => 'dans_keypair4',
}
ensure => $::ensure,
group => 'role=db',
}
ensure => $::ensure,
group => 'role=apache',
}


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