The document provides instructions on adding and subtracting fractions with like denominators. It explains that when adding or subtracting fractions, you copy the denominator and then perform the operation on the numerators. Several examples are worked through, demonstrating how to identify the denominator, copy it, and then add or subtract the numerators. The key steps are to check if the denominators are the same before working the problem, and to always copy the denominator when writing the answer.

1. Adding and Subtracting Fractions with like Denominators You know that the bottom number of a fraction tells how may parts each whole is divided into. In this picture each circle is divided into 4 parts so the bottom number for this fractions is 4. 4 We use or shade 5 parts so the top number of this fraction is 5. The picture shows the fraction 5 . 4 In a fraction the bottom number has a special name. The bottom number in a fraction is called the denominator. The denominator or the bottom number in a fraction tells how many parts each whole is divided into.