1. Principles of translation
B. Jigjidsuren

2. In his book The Art of Translation, Savory (1957)
says that a translation should be able to pass itself off as
an original and show all the freshness of an original
composition. According to him a translation must be
such as may read with ease and pleasure (Savory
11957:52). He says that translation, the surmounting of
the obstacles, is made possible by the equivalence of
thought that lies behind its different verbal expressions
(p.13). Savory also suggests that a mere linguistic
knowledge and literary capacity will not ensure the best
translation.

3. A degree of sympathy, and even, more, a degree of
familiarity with respect of the work that is being translated
are almost essential (p.34). He thinks that the translator's
task is much harder than that of the original author. For the
original author to expresses his experience or thought, he
has many words available in his own language and he can
choose one of those words easily. But the translator has to
opt for the nearest equivalent, taking into consideration the
probable thoughts of the author, the probable thoughts of
the author's readers and of his own readers and the period
of history in which the original author lived, etc
(p.26)Savory suggests that when the translator faces a
passage in the SL text, he must ask himself the following
questions:

4. 1. What does the author say?
2. What does he mean?
3. How does he say it?
This method of analysis may be applied to the
paragraph, to the sentence, or even to the phrase. From the
possible alternatives the translator must make his own
choice. Savory opines that the translator's knowledge of the
translated language (SL and TL) must be wide; it must also
be critically applied so that no detail is likely to be missed.
He says that a statement on the principles of
translation in sufficient form impossible. This is because
there are different schools of thought about the basic things
in translation. He has given six sets of different opinions of
the translations theoreticians as follows:

5. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
A translation must give the words of the original.
A translation must give the ideas of the original.
A translation should read like an original work.
A translation should read like a translation.
A translation should reflect the style of the original.
A translation should possess the style of the translator.
A translation should read as a contemporary of the
original.
8. A translation may never read as a contemporary of the
translator.
9. A translation may add to or omit from the original.
10.A translation may never add to or omit from the
original.
11.A translation of verse should be in prose.
12.A translation of verse should be in verse.