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Cardiovascular System Chapter 15-Part 1 PowerPoint Presentation to accompany  Hole’s Human Anatomy and Physiology,  10 th  edition ,  edited   by S.C. Wache for Biol2074.01
You are responsible for the following figures and topics:  Part I. Structure and function of the heart.   Fig. 15.1 – The cardiovascular system supplies lungs and body in separate pathways. Fig. 15.2 Anterior view of the human heart. Fig. 15.3 – Location of the heart in the mediastinum. Fig. 15.4 – It is enclosed by a double membrane pericardium. Fig. 15.5 - The heart wall. Fig. 15.10, 15.11 -  Two circuits:  pulmonary circuit; systemic or body circuit. Fig. 15.6, 15.9 - Name all the parts: 4 valves, 4 chambers, vessels going in and out of  the heart. Fig. 15.4 , 15.13 - Anterior and posterior views of the heart. Fig. 15.15 - Coronary circuit.  Pathway of blood flow Fig. 15.17 - The figure is made up of 5 subsets. Recordings during a cardiac cycle. Fig. 15.18 – Heart valves can be listened to at 2nd/3rd ribs  and 5th/6th ribs. Fig. 15.19 - Cardiac conduction system.  Fig. 15.22 - Study the phases of a cardiac cycle. Fig. 15.24 - control of cardiac output -  [see table in the attached lecture handout] Read Clin. Appl. 15.5, p. 578,  regarding hypertension. Fig. 15.37 – Vasoconstriction v. vasodilation control BP. Fig. 15.39 - When cardiac output increases and BP is high…  Fig. 15.40 - Vasodilation in response to high BP.
Fig. 15.1 Pulmonary Circuit Systemic Circuit Systemic Circuit
Heart Serous Membrane ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Heart Wall ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fig. 15.4
Heart Chambers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Heart Valves ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fig. 15.6
Fig. 15.7 1 cm
Fig. 15.8 Bicuspid valve Aortic valve Tricuspid valve
 
Fig. 15.10 Pulmonary Circuit Systemic Circuit
Fig. 15.11
Fig. 15.13 Blood Supply to the Heart - Use the coronary arteries and the coronary sinus to locate the anterior and posterior positions of the heart. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Fig. 15.12
Fig. 15.14
Cardiac Cycle ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fig. 15.16 Note   that the R and L atria contract together followed by the R and L ventricles  contracting together.  This results in the typical lub-dup sound in a stethoscope. Note  that it takes two such sounds, lub-dup lub-dup,  for one complete passage of one  volume of blood through the R and L sides of the heart. Note:   Following is a complex figure of the cardiac cycle !!!
Fig. 15.17 LUB DUP LUB DUP Pressure (mmHg ) Volume (ml)
Heart Sounds ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cardiac Conduction System (CCS) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fig. 15.19
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fig. 15.22 - ECG
Cardiac Cycle and Heart Rate Regulation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Heart rate and stroke volume and thus cardiac output can be altered by a  baroreceptor reflex .  Baroreceptors located in the aortic arch and the carotid arteries detect changes in blood pressure.  If blood pressure decreases , the baroreceptors inform the cardioregulatory center in the medulla  oblongata. The medulla oblongata increases sympathetic stimulation to the  SA node  thus  increasing stimulation to the myocardium, which increases calcium availability and thus increases  heart rate (the rate at which the heart contracts)  and stroke volume.
Fig. 15.23 Spinal  Cord Medulla  Cerebrum
Factors that Influence Arterial Blood Pressure (BP) , TB, p.572
 

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Chapter 15 - The Cardiovascular System - Part 1

  • 1. Cardiovascular System Chapter 15-Part 1 PowerPoint Presentation to accompany Hole’s Human Anatomy and Physiology, 10 th edition , edited by S.C. Wache for Biol2074.01
  • 2. You are responsible for the following figures and topics: Part I. Structure and function of the heart. Fig. 15.1 – The cardiovascular system supplies lungs and body in separate pathways. Fig. 15.2 Anterior view of the human heart. Fig. 15.3 – Location of the heart in the mediastinum. Fig. 15.4 – It is enclosed by a double membrane pericardium. Fig. 15.5 - The heart wall. Fig. 15.10, 15.11 - Two circuits: pulmonary circuit; systemic or body circuit. Fig. 15.6, 15.9 - Name all the parts: 4 valves, 4 chambers, vessels going in and out of the heart. Fig. 15.4 , 15.13 - Anterior and posterior views of the heart. Fig. 15.15 - Coronary circuit. Pathway of blood flow Fig. 15.17 - The figure is made up of 5 subsets. Recordings during a cardiac cycle. Fig. 15.18 – Heart valves can be listened to at 2nd/3rd ribs and 5th/6th ribs. Fig. 15.19 - Cardiac conduction system. Fig. 15.22 - Study the phases of a cardiac cycle. Fig. 15.24 - control of cardiac output - [see table in the attached lecture handout] Read Clin. Appl. 15.5, p. 578, regarding hypertension. Fig. 15.37 – Vasoconstriction v. vasodilation control BP. Fig. 15.39 - When cardiac output increases and BP is high… Fig. 15.40 - Vasodilation in response to high BP.
  • 3. Fig. 15.1 Pulmonary Circuit Systemic Circuit Systemic Circuit
  • 4.
  • 6.
  • 9. Fig. 15.8 Bicuspid valve Aortic valve Tricuspid valve
  • 10.  
  • 11. Fig. 15.10 Pulmonary Circuit Systemic Circuit
  • 13.
  • 14.  
  • 17.
  • 18. Fig. 15.16 Note that the R and L atria contract together followed by the R and L ventricles contracting together. This results in the typical lub-dup sound in a stethoscope. Note that it takes two such sounds, lub-dup lub-dup, for one complete passage of one volume of blood through the R and L sides of the heart. Note: Following is a complex figure of the cardiac cycle !!!
  • 19. Fig. 15.17 LUB DUP LUB DUP Pressure (mmHg ) Volume (ml)
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 23.
  • 25.
  • 26. Fig. 15.23 Spinal Cord Medulla Cerebrum
  • 27. Factors that Influence Arterial Blood Pressure (BP) , TB, p.572
  • 28.