1. GLASS FIBER
REINFORCED CONCRETE
GUIDED BY: PRESENTED BY:-
PROF. SAVAN MANIYA SHAH BHAVIN
DHRUVIL PATEL
SUKANI BONY
KRISHNA PATEL
SHAIKH FEZAL
MAHAVIR SWAMI COLLEGE OF POLYTECHNIC
2. CONTENT:-
INTRODUCTION
WHAT IS COCRETE ?
TYPES OF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
HISTORY OF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
USE OF FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
WHAT IS GLASS FIBER CONCRETE ?
OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
LITRATURE REVIEW
PROPERTIES OF GFRC
4. INTRODUCTION:-
Concrete is one of the most widely used construction
material. It is usually associated with Portland cement as
the main component for making concrete. Ordinary
Portland cement (OPC) is conventionally used as the
primary binder to produce concrete. Production of
Portland cement is currently exceeding 2.6 billion tons
per year worldwide and growing at 5 percent annually.
Five to eight percent of all human-generated
atmospheric carbon-di-oxide worldwide comes from the
concrete industry.
5. Fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) is a concrete made
primarily of hydraulic cements, aggregates and discrete
reinforcing fibres. FRC is a relatively new material. This
is a composite material consisting of a matrix containing
a random distribution or dispersion of small fibres,
either natural or artificial, having a high tensile strength.
6. Many of the current applications of FRC involve the use
of fibres ranging around 1% by volume of concrete.
Recent attempts made it possible to incorporate
relatively large volumes of steel, glass and synthetic
fibres in concrete.
Although the use of Portland cement is still unavoidable
until the foreseeable future, many efforts are being made
in order to reduce the use of Portland cement in
concrete. On the other hand, a huge volume of fly ash is
generated around the world.
7. Although the use of Portland cement is still unavoidable
until the foreseeable future, many efforts are being made
in order to reduce the use of Portland cement in
concrete. On the other hand, a huge volume of fly ash is
generated around the world.
Due to the presence of these uniformly dispersed fibres,
the cracking strength of concrete is increased and the
fibres acting as crack arresters. Fibres suitable of
reinforcing concrete having been produced from steel,
glass and organic polymers.
8. Most of the fly ash is not effectively used, and a large
part of it is disposed in landfills which affects aquifers
and surface bodies of fresh water. Fibre reinforced
cement or concrete is a relatively new composite
material in which fibres are introduced in the matrix as
micro reinforcement, so as to improve the tensile,
cracking and other properties of concrete.
9. Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) is a type of
fiber reinforced concrete which are mainly used in
exterior building facade panels and as architectural
precast concrete.
10. WHAT IS CONCRETE ?
The most popular artificial material on Earth isn’t steel,
plastic, or aluminium — it’s concrete. Thousands of
years ago, we used it to build civilizations, but then our
knowledge of how to make it was lost. Here’s how we
discovered concrete, forgot it, and then finally cracked
the mystery of what makes it so strong.
11. When we think concrete, we usually picture white
pavements, swimming pools, and building foundations.
Most of us aren’t aware of concrete’s fiery volcanic
origin story, or that concrete is a $100 billion dollar
industry. In fact, it’s the most widely-used material on
our planet after water. Ton for ton, humans use more
concrete today than steel, wood, plastics, and aluminium
combined
13. Concrete is easily and readily prepared and fabricated in
all sorts of conceivable shapes and structural systems. Its
great simplicity lies in the fact that its constituents are
ubiquitous and are readily available almost anywhere in
the world . As a result of its ubiquity, functionality and
flexibility it has become by far the most popular and
widely used construction material in the world .
14. The material concrete is often confused with the material
cement. Cement is one of the many constituents of
concrete, part of the glue that holds the other materials
together. Concrete is made by mixing cement,
supplementary cementitious materials, water, fine
aggregate (sand), coarse aggregate (gravel or crushed
stone) with or without admixtures, reinforcement, fibres
or pigments.
15. WHAT IS FIBER REINFORCED
CONCRETE
Fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) is a new structural material
which is gaining increasing importance. Addition of fiber
reinforcement in discrete form improves many engineering
properties of concrete
18. STEEL FIBER REINFORCED
CONCRETE
Due to the presence of these uniformly dispersed fibres,
the cracking strength of concrete is increased and the
fibres acting as crack arresters. Fibres suitable of
reinforcing concrete having been produced from steel,
glass and organic polymers.
19. GLASS FIBER REINFORCED
CONCRETE
Glass fiber-reinforced concrete uses fiberglass, much like you
would find in fiberglass insulation, to reinforce the concrete.
20. SYNTHETIC OF FIBER
Synthetic fiber-reinforced concrete uses plastic and nylon fibers
to improve the concrete's strength. In addition, the synthetic fibers
have a number of benefits over the other fibers.
21. REINFORCED CONCRETE
Historically, fiber-reinforced concrete have used natural fibers,
such as hay or hair. While these fibers help the concrete's strength
they can also make it weaker if too much is used.
22. HISTORY OF FIBER REINFORCED
CONCRETE
Fibers have been used for concrete reinforcement since
prehistoric times though technology has improved significantly,
as is applicable for other fields.
In the early age, straw and mortar were used for producing mud
bricks, and horsehair was used for their reinforcement. As the
fiber technology developed, cement was reinforced by asbestos
fibers in the early twentieth century.
23. During the middle of the twentieth century, extensive research
was in progress for the use of composite materials for concrete
reinforcement. Later, the use of asbestos for concrete
reinforcement was discouraged due to the detection of health
risks.
24. New materials like steel, glass, and synthetic fibers replaced
asbestos for reinforcement. Active research is still in progress on
this important technology. Fiber Reinforced Concrete is
considered to be one of the greatest advancements in the
construction engineering during the twentieth century.
25. FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
IS USED FOR:
Industrial flooring
Sprayed concrete
Slender structures (usually in precast plants)
Fire resistant structures
mortar applications (rehabilitation)
26. EFFECTS OF FIBER REINFORCED
CONCRETES
Improved durability of the structure
Increased tensile and flexural strengths
Higher resistance to later cracking
Improved crack distribution
Reduced shrinkage of early age concrete
Increased fire resistance of concrete
Negative influence on workability
Improved homogeneity of fresh concrete
27. FACTORS EFFECTING PROPERTIES
OF FRC
Relatives fiber matrix
Volume of fiber
Aspect ratio of fiber
Orientation of fiber
Workability and compaction of concrete
Size of coarse aggregate
mixing
28. WHAT IS GLASS FIBER CONCRETE ?
GFRC is similar to chopped fiberglass (the kind used to
form boat hulls and other complex three-dimensional
shapes), although much weaker. It’s made by combining
a mixture of fine sand, cement, polymer (usually an
acrylic polymer), water, other admixtures and alkali-
resistant (AR) glass fibers. Many mix designs are
available online, but you’ll find that all share
similarities in the ingredients and proportions used.
29. The glass fibers used in GFRC help give this unique
compound its strength. Alkali resistant fibers act as the
principle tensile load carrying member while the
polymer and concrete matrix binds the fibers together
and helps transfer loads from one fiber to another.
Without fibers GFRC would not possess its strength and
would be more prone to breakage and cracking.
31. AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
Study the mix design aspects of the GRC.
Understand the various applications involving GRC.
Compare GRC with alternatives such as stone,
aluminium, wood, glass, steel, marble and granite.
Perform laboratory tests that are related to compressive,
tensile and flexure by use of glass fibre in the concrete
pour.
32. AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
The proposed of study aims at analysing the characteristics of
glass fiber reinforced concrete.
Use a glass fiber reinforced concrete with Portland cement and
decrease the maximum use of Portland cement.
As a new construction material (gfrc), we can achieve maximum
benefits and different properties of glass fiber reinforced concrete.
We also compare GFRC, with other cladding materials in
different section like quality , cost , properties , benefits etc.
34. PROPERTIES OF GLASS FIBER
REINFORCED CONCRETE
The design of glass-fiber-reinforced concrete panels
proceeds from a knowledge of its basic properties under
tensile, compressive, bending and shear forces, coupled
with estimates of behavior under secondary loading
effects such as creep, thermal response and moisture
movement.
35. There are a number of differences between structural
metal and fiber-reinforced composites. For example,
metals in general exhibit yielding and plastic
deformation, whereas most fiber-reinforced composites
are elastic in their tensile stress-strain characteristics.
However, the dissimilar nature of these materials
provides mechanisms for high-energy absorption on a
microscopic scale comparable to the yielding process.
36. Depending on the type and severity of external loads, a
composite laminate may exhibit gradual deterioration in
properties but usually does not fail in a catastrophic
manner. Mechanisms of damage development and growth
in metal and composite structure are also quite different.
Other important characteristics of many fiber-reinforced
composites are their non-corroding behavior, high
damping capacity and low coefficients of thermal
expansion
37. Glass-fiber-reinforced concrete architectural panels have
the general appearance of pre-cast concrete panels, but
differ in several significant ways. For example, the
GFRC panels, on average, weigh substantially less than
pre-cast concrete panels due to their reduced thickness.
Their low weight decreases loads superimposed on the
building’s structural components. The building frame
becomes more economical
38. PROPERTIES OF GLASS FIBER
A high tensile strength
High modulus
Impact resistance
Shear strength
Water resistance
Thermal conductivity
39. Low thermal expansion
Less creep with increase in time
Light weight and low density
Resistance to corrosion and fire endurance
Resistance cracks in concrete
40. APPLICATION OF GFRC
Exterior ornamentation
Interior details
Landscape furnishings
Architectural projects
Airfields and runways
In rocket launch pads
41. BENEFITS OF GFRC
Improve mix cohesion, improving pump ability over long
distances
Improve freeze-thaw resistance
Improve resistance to explosive spelling in case of a
severe fire
Improve impact resistance
Increase resistance to plastic shrinkage during curing
43. STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
GFRC
Strength of GFRC is developed due to high contents of
alkali resistant glass fibers and acrylic polymer. Since
the cement contents are high, and the ratio of water to
cement is low, the GFRC strength under compressive
loads is high.
44. These materials also possess great tensile and flexural
strength. The fiber orientation determines the
effectiveness of fiber resistance to loads. The fiber must
be stiff to ensure the provision of required tensile
strength. Thus, the performance of these materials is
better than the normal concrete.
45. However, GFRC cannot substitute reinforced concrete if
heavy loads are required to be endured GFRC are best
suitable for light loads. Applications of GFRC are vanity
tops, wall panels, and other comparable products. The
fiber orientation determines the effectiveness of fiber
resistance to loads. The fiber must be stiff to ensure the
provision of required tensile strength.
46. The high fiber content bears the tensile loads, while the
concrete is flexible due to the polymers. The physical
properties of GFRC are better than the non-reinforced
concrete. Steel reinforcement that has been suitably
designed considerably increases the strength of products
that are cast with normal concrete or GFRC.
47. ADVANTAGES OF GFRC
High strength can be obtained by using GFRC, being
tough and resistant to cracking. It has a high ratio of
strength-to-weight. Therefore, the GFRC products are
durable and light. The transportation costs are reduced
significantly being of less weight.
Since GFRC is internally reinforced, other types of
reinforcement are not necessary that may be complicated
for complicated molds.
48. Suitable consolidation of mix is achieved for GFRC that
is sprayed, without any vibrations. Use of rollers or
vibrations, to attain consolidation, is simple for GFRC
that is poured.
A good surface finish is obtained, without voids, since it
is sprayed and such defects do not appear.
Since the materials have a fiber coating, they are
unaffected by the environmental effects, corrosion
attacks, and other harmful effects.
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56. CONCLUSION
The efficient utilisation of fibrous concrete involves
improved static and dynamic properties like tensile strength,
energy absorbing characteristics, Impact strength and fatigue
strength. Also provides a isotropic strength properties not
common in the conventional concrete. It will, however be
wrong to say that fibrous concrete will provide a universal
solution to the problems associated with plain concrete.
Hence it is not likely to replace the conventional structural
concrete in total.
57. Superior crack resistance and greater ductility with distinct post
cracking behavior are some of the important static properties of
GFRC. The enormous increase in impact resistance and fatigue
resistance allow the new material to be used in some specified
applications where conventional concrete is at a disadvantage.
A new approach in design and in the utilization of this material, to
account for both increase in performance and economics is
therefore,needed. www.studymafia.org
