EoP: Plants & People

Elements of Permaculture ,[object Object],Ben Kessler & Meredith Hartwell Laughing Crow Permaculture

Analysis of Elements ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Guilds ,[object Object],Corn, Beans, Squash & Mullet Mullet remains dug into soil at planting to boost nutrients. Corn provides structural support for the Bean vines. Beans provide Nitrogen for the Corn and Squash. Squash acts as a living mulch for the Corn and Beans. Food waste fed to Mullet.

Ecological Equivalents ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Environmental Equivalents ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Savanna Water Buffalo Cattle Egret Pasture Cow Chicken

Plants in the Landscape Forest Garden Hedgerow Silvopasture Coppice & Standard Alley Cropping

Needs & Yields ,[object Object],[object Object],Full Sunlight, Water, NPK, Micronutrients, Warm Soil, Protection from Herbivores, Mycorrhizal Partners, Slightly Acidic Soil pH, Well-drained Soil, Structural Support, Love Delicious Fruit, Spatial Demarcation, Mulch, Dense Verdant Foliage, Pest Protection for Brassicas and Gooseberries, Companionship for Basil and Nettles, Compost

Needs & Yields: The Permaculture Chicken What does each element need in order to live or be maintained? What products or services does it naturally provide?

Needs, in a High Altitude Garden ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],What’s different at 7,000 feet?

High Altitude Garden Needs: Temperature Regulation Strategies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Garden Inputs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Yields: Food! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Other Yields: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Photo by Jennifer Temkin Photo by Meredith Hartwell

Plants in the Landscape Companion Planting Keyhole Garden Intercropping Herb Spiral

Groundcover ,[object Object],Pussytoes Antennaria parviflora Helianthus Helianthus sp. Wild Sage Artemisia ludoviciana Photos courtesy of Jennifer Temkin

Dynamic Accumulators ,[object Object],Comfrey Symphytum officinale Stinging Nettle Urtica dioica Kale Brassica oleraacea

Nitrogen Fixers ,[object Object],Alder Aldus sp. Clover Trifolium sp. Lupines Lupinus sp. Root Nodules on Soybean ( Glycine max ) roots

Insectaries ,[object Object],Calendula Calendula sp. Fennel Foeniculum vulgare Borage Borago sp. Photo by Jennifer Temkin

Cover Crops ,[object Object],Buckwheat Fagopyrum esculentum Especially for the Southwest: Annual Rye Oats Field Peas Hairy Vetch Winter Wheat Winter Rye Wildflower Mix Western Wheat Sideoats Grama Smooth Brome Buffalo Grass Indian Rice Grass Ephram Crested Wheat Sanfoin Clovers Borage Blue Grama Bouteloua gracilis

Food Tea/ Medicine/ Insectary Food/Medicine/ Insectary Photos courtesy of Connor Stedman Ground Cover/ Nitrogen Fixer Polyculture Design

Food/ Aromatic Pest Confuser Ground Cover/ Medicine/ Fertilizer/ Insectary/ Beneficial Habitat Food Photos courtesy of Connor Stedman Food/Insectary Food/ Medicine/ Insectary Polyculture Design

Accelerate Succession Stack functions in time and space To enable a cultivated system to evolve toward a long-term stable state, we can construct a system, carefully planning the succession of plants and animals so that we can receive short, medium, and long-term benefits. “ Place is a verb; land is a process.” – Jeanette Armstrong Introduction to Permaculture (2004) Bill Mollison & Reny Mia Slay

[object Object],Rampant & Invasive Species “ Is it better to build systems that include exotics or should reforestation aim only to replace what has been taken away? Is a rampant exotic a weed, or nature’s most effective first aid treatment?” – Permaculture International Journal Scotch Broom ( Cytisus scoparius ) on a CA hillside

[object Object],Local Rampants Salt Cedar Tamarix sp. Benefits: Willow Flycatcher habitat, basketry material, erosion control, butterfly food Detriments: Soil salinization, willow & cottonwood exclusion, flooding, water table draining Russian Olive Eleagnus angustifolia Benefits: Bird habitat & food, erosion control, N fixation, windbreak, mulch, shade Detriments: Willow & cottonwood exclusion, meadow encroachment

SSLUG & Bonito St. Gardens Photos courtesy of Joanna Hale

SSLUG Garden 2010 Photos courtesy of Joanna Hale

CSA Garden Photos courtesy of Joanna Hale

Composting at SSLUG Photos courtesy of Ian Dixon-McDonald

Integrated Pest Management ,[object Object],“ [Industrial pest management] is like pokin’ a gopher with a rope- you can’t do that!” – Gordon Tooley Integrated Pest Management is a crop management approach designed to address ecological dilemmas in agriculture. 1. Acceptable pest levels 2. Preventative cultural practices 3. Monitoring 4. Mechanical controls 5. Biological controls 6. Chemical controls USDA IPM Principles: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/ipm.htm

Convergent Evolution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Resources ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Thanks to ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EoP: Plants & People

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EoP: Plants & People