1. International Journal of Periodontics and
Restorative Dentistry
5조 31번 백승진

2.  Primary goal of periodontal treatment
 Flap surgery vs. nonsurgical planing
 Ultrasonic with mini-inserts vs. manual
curettes

3.  Treatment
◦ 10 single-rooted teeth destined for extraction
◦ Two step treatment was performed
 General ultrasonic supragingival scaling
 Surface planing
 By manual curette without time limit on distal surfaces
 By ultrasonic inserts on mesial surfaces

4.  SEM observations
◦ 2.5% glutaraldehyde in pH 7.2 buffer, 24 hours
◦ Rinsed 3 times in 0.1mol/L cacodylate buffer
◦ Dehydrated with ethanol and acetone
◦ Dried by CO2 and Balzers CPD 0.10
◦ Secondary electrons vs. backscattered electrons

10.  Comparing two instrumentation procedures
vs. comparing two periodontists
 Moderate lateral pressure vs. high lateral
pressure

11.  Goal: elimination of all plaque and calculus
 Moderate lateral pressure is better
 Not depend on the instrumentation itself, but
on how it performed, particularly on the
pressure

12.  With strong lateral pressure
◦ More scratching
◦ Cementum removal
◦ Dentin exposure

13.  Smoother surfaces in moderate lateral
pressure
 Cracked or “dried-mud” appearance
 Less smear layer with ultrasonic treatment
than with manual treatment

14.  New ultrasonic generator and inserts are as
effective as nonsurgical manual curettes
 Degree of lateral pressure is a vital factor
 New mini-inserts are better in apical zones as
long as moderate lateral pressure is used