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Recap Waxy layer which protects the plant & conserves water mesophyll Contains chloroplasts: Specialized for light absorption Layer contains air spaces:  Specialized for gas exchange Exchange water & gases with the atmosphere Vascular Tissue
What you will learn  (Transport Structures) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What you will learn  (Transport of water) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What you will learn  (Transport of Food) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Recall on Photosynthesis How does food get from the leaves to other parts of the plant? How does water get absorb from the soil into and move around the plant?
Transport Structures
Xylem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Long hollow tube extending from the root to the leaves
Development of Xylem Tracheids     Xylem vessels   Xylem tissue contains  Xylem cells (Tracheids)   and  Xylem vessels
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lignin ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Xylem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Do you know?
Phloem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sieve Tubes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Cytoplasm remains so that concentration gradient of manufactured food can be maintained
Companion Cells ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],sieve plate sieve tube cell companion cell companion cell sieve plate
Organization of vascular tissue in  Stem ,[object Object],[object Object]
Organization of vascular tissue in  Stem ,[object Object],[object Object],Phloem Cambium Xylem ,[object Object]
Organization of vascular tissue in  Stem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Organization of vascular tissue in  Stem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Organization of vascular tissue in  Stem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Organization of vascular tissue in  Stem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Phloem Cambium Xylem
Organization of vascular tissue in  Root ,[object Object],xylem phloem The xylem and phloem are  NOT  bundle together. They alternate with each other
Organization of vascular tissue in  Root ,[object Object],[object Object],Endodermis The region between the epidermis and the endodermis lies the Cortex, which serves as storage tissue
Organization of vascular tissue in  Root ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The epidermis of the root bearing the root hairs are called the piliferous layer. NO cuticle is present!  Why?
Organization of vascular tissue in  Root ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Each root hair is a tubular outgrowth of an epidermal cell.
Organization of vascular tissue in  Root ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],xylem phloem
What are the functions and adaptations of Root/ Root hairs?  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Transport Structures Leaf Stem Root Xylem Xylem Phloem Xylem Phloem Phloem
Transport of Water
Root Stem Leaves
Water uptake in ROOT Animation
Root Pressure ,[object Object],Recap on Osmosis How does the root maintain a concentration gradient?
Root Pressure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Root Pressure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Water transport in STEM You have learnt that water is transported from the root to the stem and the leaf. How does the plant transport water upwards against gravity??
Transpiration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
4 Environmental Factors that affect Transpiration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Animation
Light intensity ,[object Object],Photosynthesis!! Gases exchange (CO 2  & O 2 ) Water vapor also evaporates (Transpiration)
Temperature ,[object Object],At 30ºC, a leaf may transpire 3 times as fast as it does at 20ºC
5 Factors that affect Transpiration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Potometer  The rate at which plants take up water depends on the rate of transpiration- the faster a plant transpires, the faster it takes up water.
Capillary Action ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],When water passes up the thin xylem vessels, it  adheres  to the surface of the vessels, while the force of osmosis gently ‘pushes’ the water molecules, which  cohere  to each other, upwards
 
Capillary Action
Forces that promotes uptake of water ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Transport of Food
Transport of Food in plant ,[object Object],[object Object]
Animation Animation
 
3 experiments to show phloem transport food substances ,[object Object],Aphid penetrates the stem into the phloem using its mouthpart called stylet and sucks the plant sap A feeding aphid can be anaesthetized and the stylet cut off  The phloem sap flows out through the stylet and can be analysed. It is found to contain sugars and other organic substances
 
3 experiments to show phloem transport food substances ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
3 experiments to show phloem transport food substances ,[object Object]
Wilting of plant
Wilt ,[object Object],Result in  flaccid appearances  of leaves & shoot Characterized by  drooping & shriveling  of soft tissue
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Things to ponder ,[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object]
[object Object]

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