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What is a mental illness?
A medical condition
Disrupts a person’s thinking, feeling, mood, ability to relate to
others, behavior, and daily functioning.
Interferes with a person’s ability to care for themselves, to get
along with others, to go to school or work, and to learn.
Mental Disorders are medical conditions. They
require diagnosis and treatment just like any physical
illness or injury.
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Stigma
a mark of disgrace or infamy; a stain or reproach, as on one's
reputation.
Stigma is when someone judges you based on a personal trait.
Harmful effects of stigma:
Lack of understanding by family, friends, colleagues or others you know
Discrimination at work or school
Difficulty finding housing
Bullying, physical violence or harassment
Health insurance that doesn't adequately cover your mental illness
The belief that you will never be able to succeed at certain challenges
or that you can't improve your situation
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Depression
Medical illness that involves the mind and body.
Causes:
Biological differences
Neurotransmitters
Hormones
Inherited traits
Life Events
Early childhood trauma
Symptoms:
Feelings of sadness or unhappiness
Irritability or frustration
Loss of interest or pleasure in normal activities
Agitation or restlessness
Treatment
Medication
Therapy
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Depression
Depressive disorders affect approximately 18.8 million American adults.
Everyone will at some time in their life be affected by depression, their own or
someone else’s, according to Australian Government statistics.
30% of women are depressed. Men's figures were previously thought to be half
that of women, but new estimates are higher.
54% of people believe depression is a personal weakness.
41% of depressed women are too embarrassed to seek help.
80% of depressed people are not currently having any treatment.
92% of depressed African-American males do not seek treatment
15% of depressed people will commit suicide. .
Depression will be the second largest killer after heart disease by 2020 -- and
studies show depression is a contributory factor to fatal coronary disease
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Bi-Polar
Associated with mood swings that range from lows of depression to the
highs of mania
Causes:
Biological differences
Neurotransmitters
Hormones
Inherited Traits
Environment
Symptoms:
Euphoria
Rapid Speech
Aggressive Behavior
Sadness
Hopelessness
Anxiety
Treatment:
Medication
Therapy
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Bi-Polar
Bipolar disorder affects approximately 5.7 million adult Americans.
An equal number of men and women develop bipolar illness and it
is found in all ages, races, ethnic groups and social classes.
Bipolar disorder is the sixth leading cause of disability in the world.
Bipolar disorder results in 9.2 years reduction in expected life
span, and as many as one in five patients with bipolar disorder
completes suicide.
Untreated, bipolar disorder can result in damaged relationships,
poor job or school performance, and even suicide.
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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
(OCD)
An anxiety disorder characterized by unreasonable thoughts (obsessions)
that lead you to do repetitive behaviors (compulsions).
Causes:
Biology
Environment
Insufficient serotonin
Symptoms:
Fear of contamination or dirt
Having things orderly and symmetrical
Intense stress
Anxiety
Treatment:
Therapy
Medication
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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
(OCD)
OCD affects about 2.2 million American adults each year
People with OCD often go several years without treatment.
OCD is found in all ethnic groups. Both men and women are
equally effected, although in children, OCD seems to be more
prevalent in boys.
It is estimated that less than 10 % of those suffering from
obsessions or compulsions will seek effective treatment.
Those suffering from OCD tend to have a higher risk of
substance abuse and addiction. It’s their way of coping with
stress and discomfort.
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Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
(PTSD)
Mental health condition that’s triggered by a terrifying event.
Causes:
Go through, see, or learn about an event that causes intense fear, helplessness
or horror.
Inherited mental health risks
Life experiences
Chemicals and hormones
Symptoms:
Flashbacks
Nightmares
Severe Anxiety
Uncontrollable thoughts about the event
Treatment:
Medication
Therapy
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Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
(PTSD)
Studies have shown that about 30% of veterans, 45% of
battered women, 50% of sexually abused children, and 35% of
adult rape victims are likely to suffer from PTSD at some point
in their lifetime.
3.5% of the population is affected by PTSD
Statistics regarding this illness indicate that approximately 7%-
8% of people in the United States will likely develop PTSD in
their lifetime.
Many some from PTSD never seek proper treatment or help.
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General Anxiety Disorder
Affects 6.8 million adults.
Women are twice as likely to be affected.
Can be managed with proper treatment.
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD)
A chronic condition that includes combination of problems: difficulty
sustaining attention, hyperactivity, and impulsive behavior.
Cause:
Altered brain function and anatomy
Heredity
Childhood exposure to environmental toxins
Symptoms:
Trouble sustaining attention
Seems not to listen even when spoken to directly
Easily distracted
Often forgetful
Treatment:
Medication
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD)
Approximately 5.4 million children ages 4-17 have been
diagnosed with ADHD.
Boys are more likely than girls to have ADHD but this ratio
seems to even out by adulthood.
Children with a parent who suffers from ADHD is more likely to
also have ADHD.
ADHD can be controlled through proper treatment.
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Phobias
Overwhelming and unreasonable fear of an object or situation
that poses little real danger
Causes:
May be a link between your own phobias and your phobias of your
parents
Brain chemicals
Symptoms:
Uncontrollable anxiety when exposed to the source of your fear
Everything you do to avoid the fear
Inability to function normal because of the fear
Treatments:
Medications
Behavioral Therapy
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Common Phobias
Claustrophobia- fear of enclosed spaces Coulrophobia- Fear of clowns
Zoophobia- fear of animals Neophobia- fear of change
Acrophobia- fear of heights Iatrophobia- fear of doctors
Aviophobia- fear of flying Amathophobia- fear of dust
Hydrophobia- fear of water Cacophobia- Fear of ugliness
Social Phobias Carnophobia- fear of meat
Necrophobia- fear of death Dystychiphobia- fear of accidents
Arachnophobia- fear of spiders Electrophobia- fear of electricity
Odontophobia- fear of dentists Geliophobia- fear of laughter
Ophidiophobia- fear of snakes Homichlophobia- fear of fog
Trypanophobia- fear of needles Kathisophobia- fear of sitting down
Eremophobia- fear of being alone Limnophobia- fear of lakes
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Remember:
Mental health is just as important as physical health!
Mental illnesses are real and deserve to be treated.
It’s not a person’s fault if he or she has a mental
illness
Mental health problems are not something you can
“just snap out of” even if you try.
It’s OK to ask for help and get it.
There is hope! People improve and recover with the
help of treatment and they are able to enjoy happier,
healthier lives.