1. 28 July Liberation from Fascism ByFrancesco Podeschi

2. The Symbol

3. The History The Sammarinese Fascist Party or PartitoFascista Sammarinese (PFS) was a fascist political party that ruled San Marino from 1923 to 1943.

4. It was founded and led by GiulianoGozi, a Sammarinese World War I veteran who volunteered in the Royal Italian Army, on 10 August 1922 and was modelled directly from the National Fascist Party of surrounding Italy. Gozi came from a distinguished family and was holding the posts of foreign minister (in San Marino, the foreign minister leads the cabinet) and interior minister, these two offices gave him control of the military and police. From the beginning, the party used violence and intimidation against opponents such as the Socialists.

5. In April 1923, Gozi was elected as the first Fascist Captain-Regent. After the October elections, both Captains-Regent were Fascists and would remain so in subsequent elections for the next two decades as all other political parties were banned in 1926 effectively making San Marino a single-party state. However independent politicians continued to form a majority in the Grand and General Council until 1932. In addition, the party was split between Gozi's faction and EzioBalducci's faction forcing them to look to the Italian party for guidance and mediation.

6. The reconstructed Socialist Party began forming an anti-fascist resistance during this period. Three days after the arrest of Benito Mussolini, PFS rule in San Marino collapsed after a massive rally and the first non-fascist government in twenty years was formed. 28 July would later become a national holiday.

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