2. Agenda
An overview of Turkey
Types of childcare systems
History of the childcare system
Underlying philosophy
Accessibility/Availability
Training and roles of the childcare workers/ECE
3. Overview of Turkey
Located in Western Asia
and in east Thrace in
southern Europe
Climate – hot dry
summers with mild wet
winters
Capital – Ankara
Official Language is
Turkish
Ethnic makeup – Turkish
80% and Kurdish 20%
4. Population in Turkey
Turkey has a population of 72 million
According to estimations, it will be about 82 million by
year 2015
5. Turkish Phrases
Hello merhaba
Good morning gunaydun
Good evening iyi akshamlar
Good night iyi gejeler
7. Formal and Non-formal
Formal education is the regular education for
individuals in a certain age group and given in school
This includes pre-primary (preschool) education
Ministry of National Education is responsible for the
child care system
Non-formal education
8. Traditionally elderly relatives take care of children in
Turkey. But because more mother's are going into the work
force the number of child care centre's has increase. Some
mother's that don't have relatives to care for their children
and can't afford child care stay home, because the money
they earn is not enough to pay for child care.
Formal education is the regular education for
individuals in a certain age group and given in schools.
This includes Pre-Primary education and Primary
education.
Pre Primary(Pre School) is optional education for
children between 3-5 years old.
9. *Primary Education is compulsory for children starting at 5 years old
and is fee for all children.
A Law passed in 2012 4+4+4 (4 years of Elementary School + 4 years
of Middle School+4 years of High School)
before it was 3+3+3.
*Non-formal education in Turkey is offered by a network of training
centers who are supervised by the Ministry of National Education.
Non formal education is aim to teach reading, writing and to help
students to finish school.
10. First
regulations
were set for
ECE services in
Turkey
Minstry of
education
gradually
devlop and
was reconized
by the law
1966
Increase in number of
children benfiriting
from ECE services and
iin public preschools
Increase in
number of
chilreadn
recieiving ECE
services
1961
Importance of
ECE were
known and
being
disvloped in
programs
1990s196019331915
History of Childcare
1977
Growth in the
number of public
nursery opening
which increase
the ages of the
primary
education
11. Minstry of
Education
gradually
devloped and
was
recongnized
with the law
Establishment
of the nursery
rooms and
creches at
workplaces
Childcare is not just the
responsibility of women
and employers; but also
the local governments
.
Government was
planning to have the
having nursery rooms
and childcare
facilities throughout
the country
Female
unemployment
is still high in
Turkey
2012200620001933
History of Childcare
12. Availability and Accessibility
Childcare and child rearing duties
are duties expected to be done
mainly by women
Children are traditionally cared for
by elderly relatives
Childcare is available privately –
not free
There is no available subsidy
Fees must be paid in full
13. Not all of turkey has access to quality childcare but it is
being worked on
Children living in remote rural and urban slum areas
of turkey have low access to quality daycare services
Access to daycare services needs to be increased
The current existing capacities are not adequate for
providing access to quality day care services for
children under 6
14. There is a project underway that is aimed at providing
day care services to children living under disadvantage
conditions
This project will increase mothers in the workforce
would mean an increase of childcare centers
16. The goal of Pre-Primary education in Turkey is to
structure it’s curriculum around 5 domains of development.
17. According to National Education law in Turkey Pre-
Primary education is there to create a common
atmosphere of growth regardless of income or status.
To ensure Turkish is spoken correct and fluently
Pre-Primary education is not compulsory
Pre-Primary education is compulsory for children
diagnosed with having physical or mental disabilities
18. Student - teacher ratio
Public
Pre-primary schools 1:28
Pre-primary Institutions
1:23
Private
Pre-primary schools 1:20
Pre-primary institutions
1:27
19. Training and Role of an ECE
in Turkey
- TED (Turkish Education Association) University founded in
October 31st
1928, offers an 8 semester ECE program where
students must take Math, Life Science, Turkish, History of the
Turkish Republic, English for Academic Purposes, Intro to ECE,
Psychology, Natural Sciences, Philosophy and Ethics, Visual Arts,
Children's Literature, School Family and Society, Child
Development, Children Health and Safety, Children Play and
learning, Language development etc.
- Students must have experience working with children and
references
- Must have a high school diploma or equivalent
20. Training and Role of an ECE
in Turkey cont.
- A 4 year program that includes 138+ credits and requires
completion of 16-20 credits each semester
- Students are given the opportunity to actively participate in the
teaching and learning process
- The clinical practice increases gradually each year and the last
year is primarily dedicated to student teaching and capstone
experiences
- The program works closely with the public elementary schools
and independent public kindergarten programs
- As the programs continue it is hoped that students are trained
are researchers and scholars
21. Cont.
To provide a healthy, safe, and physical learning
environment
Observe, monitor and assess the children
Communicate with the children’s parents
The provision of ECE services in Turkey go back to the early 19 century. However the
first set of regulations was decreed in 1915 which set the rules for starting an independent preschool.
Minstry of Education gradually devloped and was 1933
Only in 1961 with the new education act the importance of ECE was stressed and ECE was considered explicitly in policy discussions and programs of the Ministry of National Education (MONE).
The increase in the number of children benefiting from ECE services is due mainly to an increase in the newly built preschools and nursery classes and an increase in the number of teachers. The large increase in public preschools starts in 1996. Overall the number of preschools increased by tenfold.
In the last ten years the number of children receiving a form of ECE services is doubled. Table 3.2 shows the progress of enrollment rates since 1991-92 school year.
Establishments of the nursery rooms and creches at worksplaces (pre 2000)
Provision of education is accepted as the responsibility of the state, but it was far from being a service of equal benefit to all. Until August 1997, primary education was compulsory for only five years. In other words, the duty of the state to provide equal education to every individual citizen lasted only five years until August 1997.
