Brazil of the future...
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... Brazil has been consolidating as an emerging player at the complex world scenario. One of the common characteristics to the world’s most important nations is being able to “forge”, by means of its own perspective, the future. Decades ago, Brazil already provided evidence of possessing such characteristic, promoting investments for the development of sectors considered relevant to the country, such as: the oil exploration, aerospace research, iron and steel industry, investment in renewable fuels, etc. This tendency has been gradually weakened over the last decades, due to turbulences of economic order. ... Source: http://repositorio.cti.gov.br/repositorio/bitstream/10691/247/3/Balloni_COM2012-0002_final.pdf
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Brazil of the future...
- 1. BRAZIL OF THE FUTURE: STRATEGIZING WITH THE SOCIO-TECHNICAL MANAGEMENT APPROACH (*). * Sponsored by CAPES Antonio J. Balloni – Center for Information Technology - CTI Paulo J.P. Resende - FINEP Andrew S.Targowski – Western Michigan University ; Greece/Athens, May /2012
- 2. BRAZIL AS A WORLD PLAYER Brazil has been consolidating as an emerging player at the complex world scenario. One of the common characteristics to the world’s most important nations is being able to “forge” the future. Decades ago, Brazil already provided evidence of possessing such characteristic, but this tendency has been gradually weakened, due to turbulences of economic order. Proposal: reestablishing longer term horizons goals, by the incorporation, at the political agenda, of an approach we call Sociotechnical Management and, with aspirations and view of a shared management between government and society.
- 3. LACK OF FUTURE:AN IMMINENT CONFLICT The loss of perspective of future directly conflicts with several fields of thinking and knowledge exploration, such as projection, prospection etc. The non existence of a desired future is a condition incompatible with the plans of development of any nation in the 21st century. The model of Sociotechnical Management presupposes its individuals have good judgment and choices. How to make good choices without the perspective of a future result?
- 4. MANAGEMENT SOCIETY Toffler Waves: the agricultural activity (First Wave, period started at around 10,000 B.C.) and the industrial activity (Second Wave, period started at around the 18th century) for, subsequent advance in the direction of a knowledge economy (Third Wave - digital, connected, provided with a vast information repository, perhaps initiated in the 21st century?) The Third Wave is the baseline for the creation of a Knowledge Society.
- 6. SACRIFICE & “BRAZIL,A COUNTRY OFTHE FUTURE” The “Sacrifice” of the “ Brazil, a Country of the Future” started in the seventies, when the Brazilian Government was forced to face a world crisis, a recessive global scenario deflagrated at the beginning of the decade by the oil crisis. The II Plano Nacional de Desenvolvimento – Second National Development Plan (PND II:1974-1979), was conceived with the purpose of replacing the imports and eventually promoting exportation, so as to support the economic conjuncture favorable to the national development, assuring the necessary space for the absorption of previous investments and modifying, in the long term, the productive structure.
- 7. PND II:AN UNSUCCESSFUL PLAN Despite all PND II virtues, the determined emancipatory strategy was not enough to promote the development in face of a recessive global scenario. The succeeding plan, the Third National Development Plan (PND III: 1979-1985) was jeopardized by the aggravation of national macroeconomic issues, and by Brazil’s inability to pay its enormous external indebtedness.
- 8. BRAZIL´S ECONOMY AND SMALLER ECONOMIC CYCLES Due to the impossibility of support of Brazil’s economic and social development impulse, the country plunges into a picture of macroeconomic crisis, connected to increasingly smaller planning cycles:
- 9. SOCIOTECHNICAL SYSTEMS & SOCIOTECHNICAL MANAGEMENT A sociotechnical approach assures a compatibility of the social and technical systems, in a participative approach. ĞĐŚŶŝ Ğƚ ƋƵ Ɛ ĐŽŵŵŝ ŵĞŶƚ ƚ Ăů Ğǀ Ƶ Ɛ ŶĞĞĚƐ ŬŶŽ ůĞĚŐĞǁ ŽŽůƚ Ɛ Ă ŝ ĚĞƚƚ ƚƵ Ɛ ŬŝůůƐ Ɛ ŵĞĐŚĂŶŝ ŵƐ Ɛ
- 10. ABSENCE OF FUTURE AND BRAZIL´S FUTURE The new country’s condition, favorable to the projection of a virtuous future, still lacks the redemption of the political and economic thinking connected to longer terms projections – see the future. Is it possible for us to conceive a fair and participative society without choices and decision making for the future being made?
- 11. THE ANSWER: SOCIOTECHNICAL MANAGEMENT We (authors), believe that it is necessary the concept of Sociotechnical Management be disseminated and multiplied amongst Brazilian citizens. The access to information is fundamental and strategic, presenting itself as key resource under the optic of the competitive advantage and of participative strategic planning.
- 12. A FINAL COMMENT. 1. Open and lateral dissemination of know-how; 2. Freedom to voice contrary opinions; 3. Frequent face-to-face interaction; 4. Making tacit knowledge explicit - Sociotechnical Management; 5. Formal and informal organizational support mechanisms and 6. The eight key principles-strategies of a sustainable Brazil: see paper > 1 to 5: adaptapion from Osono /2008 > 6: Adaptation from Targowski/2010, co author.
- 13. SUMMARY:WHY SOCIOTECHNICAL MANAGEMENT MODEL? Objective of The Participatory Model of a Sociotechnical Management: the search for the state of balance where radical contradictions coexist Comfort Zone is not allowed: Sociotechnical Management aims the creation of healthy tensions and instability Such tensions and instability generates progress and provokes the attainment of results: a strategic, efficient and effective planning takes place only in such condition.
- 14. THANKYOU! Further or any questions in the coffee break and/or to GESITI@cti.gov.br
Notas do Editor
- . Brazil has been consolidating as an emerging player at the complex world scenario. One of the common characteristics to the world’s most important nations is being able to “forge”, by means of its own perspective, the future. Decades ago, Brazil already provided evidence of possessing such characteristic, promoting investments for the development of sectors considered relevant to the country, such as: the oil exploration, aerospace research, iron and steel industry, investment in renewable fuels, etc. This tendency has been gradually weakened over the last decades, due to turbulences of economic order. The country had its political thinking "caught" by an economic agenda based on increasingly smaller temporal cycles, losing its vision of the desired future, I mean, historically, such smaller temporal cycles has been expressed in the several government plans, going from chronological horizons of quinquennial periods, long term goals to short/medium term goals with targets majoritarily quantified around projections for 12 months, such as GDP variation, balance of the trade balance, inflation, unemployment, indexes related to social development, etc. NOTES regarding long term and short term goals: from 1964 to 1985 there were a total of four long term economic plans – and we are focusing on the II PND on-74/79 and, from 1986 to 1995 there were at least eight short/medium term economic plans – almost one per year. . So, this paper proposes means for reestablishing longer term horizons goals by the incorporation, at the political agenda, of an approach we call Sociotechnical Management and, with aspirations and view of a shared management between government and society.
- The progressive loss of perspective of future directly conflicts with several fields of thinking and knowledge exploration. Competencies such as projection, prospection, studies of these tendencies and others intensive in intellectual activity are characteristics of the new times, age of emergence of the so called Knowledge Society. The non existence of a desired future is a condition incompatible with the plans of development of any nation in the 21st century, as the supremacy of a country is related, also, to the future it actively intends to build. A model of participative management, based on a sociotechnical perspective, represents the opportunity for the emancipation of a political thinking capable of formulating a vision for the long-term future. BUT, this model of Sociotechnical Management presupposes its individuals have good judgment and choices. So, this question must be answered: How to make good choices without the perspective of a future result?
- READ SLIDE (all, but selected parts) this: Both the three waves were basic conditions for the construction of a long term view of future. However, the intensification of available information, characteristic of the Third Wave, suggests the approach of the Sociotechnical Management model constitutes a guideline for discussion of actions and views of the future since, today, the Brazilian governments instruments for management and economic policy are focused to short/medium term results. So, the Sociotechnical Management model represents the opportunity for the emancipation of a political thinking capable of formulating a vision for the long-term future.
- Brazil evolved from a primitive stage - 16 th Century -, with original indigenous groups inhabitants ignored the use of metal and any others techniques for, about two centuries after – 18 th Century -, having a considerable and consistent geopolitical structure with a established bureaucracy. In the 20 th Century , Brazil presented itself as an emerging industrial power, initially by means of investments in a late industrialization (iron and steel industry, Petrobras/Oil, roads/infrastructures), following by investments in others more strategic sectors as aerospace research, studies and engineering aiming the Nation’s development.
- >>> READE SLIDE item 1, THEN The crisis was faced with a project of national development (PND) which intended to reach specific objectives such as economic improvement and social development READ SLIDE item 2, THEN PND II was conceived under a strong developmental thinking, of nationalist contend, in the same line as that of creation of organizations and of strategic programs, but had as innovation the fact of being the first Brazilian government plan with clear intention of creating the strategic basis of an autonomous and developed Brazil.
- READ SLIDE, item 1 THEN In spite of the PND II have had internal adjustment resulting in some advancements, the external indebtedness persisted as a great obstruction to the national development. READ SLIDE, item 2 THEN PND III – So, as a result of currency devaluation, credit shortage, national accounts imbalance and others negatives to the economy PND III was also unsuccessful. Among the years of 1986 and 1995 Brazil had at least eight national economic plans, all being considered a huge failure. In spite of the failure of all these economic plans, there is no evidence of a participatory initiative of the population but rather, the participation of the population were in reactive manner, after the implementation of the plans.
- What happened after the failure of the PND II 1974 to 1979 ? Due to the impossibility of support economic and social development impulse, Brazil plunges into a picture of macroeconomic crisis, connected to increasingly smaller planning cycles, where, in face of the threat of hyperinflation even the monthly period was considered too long: determined accumulated inflation resulted in automatic salary readjustment, independent of such amount being accumulated in 60 days or 10 days (triggered raise) as show in the figure above. Cutting this triggering raise process have started in our last economic plan called as Real Plan (1994) which was another cycle of microeconomic stabilization by allowing the institution of the so called Pluriannual Plans (PPAs). The Nation is today ready to start a cycle of investments, international growth and to the conception of long term strategies, in other words, capable of forging its own desired future. However, Brazil still lacks the redemption from the political and economic thinking towards to the long term planning.
- In a Sociotechnical System, as you know, its elements – blue & green hexagons – are inter-related and interdependent in a dynamic manner. Any organization is capable of maximizing its performance only when that interdependency is explicitly recognized or not ignored. The proposal of a Participative Model of Sociotechnical Management relies on these concepts , I mean, with the complete harmony between these blocks, the organization finds conditions for prospering and perpetuating: the prosperity is associated to the performance and its perpetuation is associated to its projection / realization throughout time, and this is nothing more than the tendency of formation of a future perspective .
- Today Brazil´s developments are very clear and favorable to the condition of a Brazil of the “present future”, I mean, capable of forging its own desired future. However, this new country’s condition, favorable to the projection of a virtuous future, still lacks the redemption of the political and economic thinking connected to longer terms of time – the ability to project the future. In other words: even if Brazil had total condition of reaching the recognition of its condition of developed country, the model of conception of future, as now presented, does not allow this new condition because the model of economic thinking is yet based in cycles and analysis within short term horizons, as I have shown. >>> This “absence” of a long term future, observed by a sociotechnical side, brings a pertinent questioning: is it possible for us to conceive a fair and participative society without choices and decision making for the future being made?
- THE ANSWER to the question: is it possible for us to conceive a fair and participative society without choices and decision making for the future being made? We (authors), believe it is necessary that the concept of Sociotechnical Management be disseminated and multiplied amongst Brazilian citizens. The access to information is fundamental and strategic, presenting itself as key resource under the optic of the competitive advantage and of participative strategic planning. All nations are seeking new means of having competitive advantage, therefore it is strategic to take Brazilian citizens into consideration, which are represented by their public and private managers, acting as Brazil’s business partners: the sociotechnical management approach guide us to think about future planning as a collective co-responsible construction of the future.
- Giving practical substance to the proposal for a participatory model for sociotechnical management we have created the “ the six characteristics of the participatory national ecosystem for a Sociotechnical Management”. THESE Six characteristics have been based on the five characteristics of the: A) - Toyota Nervous System, new human www and - The Targowski Strategies, and should be adopted as a model for a nation ecosystem. 1 to 5, read slide. The eight key principles-strategies of a sustainable Brazil: Hyper-eco democracy; Cognizing (education); Where among equals, the ecosystem is more equal; Echoism; Wise development of technology; The nation-state concept and Wise use of e-Global Village.
- .The participatory model of a Sociotechnical Management has as objective the search for the state of balance where radical contradictions coexist. . For this reason, the existence of that which is denominated “comfort zone” is not allowed. The model of Sociotechnical Management aims at creating healthy tensions and instability, which only occurs when one is not inserted into the comfort zone... . Such tension is catalyst, as generates progress and provokes the attainment of results: a strategic, efficient and effective planning takes place only in such conditions, in other words, participatory model of a Sociotechnical Management, presented in this opinion paper, aims of promoting innovation in the thought of the public/private manager, presently consolidated in a short/medium term vision.