Energy Efficiency in Buildings: Europe and Central Asia
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Presentation from the 2013 Atlantic Council Energy & Economic Summit expanded ministerial meeting. Presented by Marina Olshanskaya, UNDP-GEF Regional Technical Advisor, United Nations Development Programme.
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Energy Efficiency in Buildings: Europe and Central Asia
- 1. Energy Efficiency in Buildings: Europe and Central Asia Marina Olshanskaya UNDP-GEF Regional Technical Advisor Expanded Ministerial Meeting: Energy Efficiency for Economic Growth Atlantic Council ENERGY &ECONOMIC Summit Istanbul, November 21, 2013
- 2. UNDP-GEF Portfolio on Energy Efficient Buildings • $ 800 m ($150 m from GEF) for 45 projects • Over 40 countries, mainly in Eastern Europe and Central Asia 1
- 3. Energy Efficiency at Local, National, Regional Level BEFORE Household Regional / Global AFTER Standards and labels for EE household appliances Community Building Energy Efficiency Retrofits National Municipality Energy efficient district heating National Energy Efficiency Programs Global Program Framework for Low Emission Buildings Objective: achieve market transformation and increase uptake of energy efficient technologies and practices at household, community, municipal and national level 2
- 4. Buildings - the largest energy 2010 consuming sector in Eurasia Buildings Industry Agriculture Industry Agriculture Buildings Others Others kWh/m2/yr 600 500 400 E 300 K 200 33% 100 35% 33% 35% 0 EU 15 Kyrgyzstan 2% 2% 30% 30% Final energy consumption by sector in non-OECD Europe and Eurasia, 2010 with BIG potential for improvement Sources: OECD/IEA, UNDP/GEF Project Reports (Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan) 3
- 5. Over 50% energy can be saved cost-effectively Sources: UNDP/GEF Project Report, Uzbekistan , 4 4
- 6. in Bulgaria, Uzbekistan, Montenegro - everywhere BEFORE AFTER Source: UNDP/GEF Project Reports 5 5
- 7. efficiency is not only about energy … Sources: UNDP/GEF Project in Uzbekistan 6
- 8. Where are the bottlenecks: market fails No effective demand for “negawatts”: • Tariffs remain low, but not everywhere and not that low • Tenants - disorganized, ignorant about EE and often poor • Municipalities lack capacities Supply of technologies, services and financing inadequate: Electricity prices for households vs energy recovery cost • ESCOs are few, with poor financial standing and ability to attract capital • Financing – does not match risk/reward profile of building EE projects&clients • Domestic EE products, materials, skills are in short supply (and expensive) Share of household spending on energy in Tajikistan Sources: UNDP 2013 (forthcoming) 7
- 9. Solutions: Leadership Policies and their systematic implementation • One EE Law is not enough • Tariffs, Housing Relations, Budget Code, Building Codes, Public Procurement, etc Public sector has to lead by example: • Croatia: Energy Management System covers 11,000 public buildings, annual saving to state budget - 18 mln US$ • Energy Charter of Croatia signed by ALL regional and local authorities Kazakhstan: National Modernization Program – public commitment to invest 640 mln $ in building modernization till 2020 Visit of Kazakhstan President Nazarbaev at pilot energy efficient building in Karaganda, KAZ Sources: UNDP/GEF Projects in Croatia and Kazakhstan 8
- 10. Thank you Source: UNDP/GEF Project in Russia , 9 9
Editor's Notes
- The scope UNDP-GEF projects vary from local to national and regional with the main focus being on creating enabling policies and market environment for investment in building energy efficiency
- Since 1990 - a notable trend is the rise (17%) of final energy consumption in the buildings sector in both absolute and relative terms: by 2010 it reached a 35% share in the total final energy consumption. It is now the largest energy consuming sector in Europe and Central Asia (in OECD the change was less dramatic, building sector used to be and remain largest energy user: 39%)Building energy use is characterized by high inefficiencies, especially in CIS, where it takes 2-4 times more energy to heat same space, as in EU countries with similar climatic conditions. Inefficiencies translate into dissatisfaction with quality of heating and rising energy billsNext slide please
- Important to note that benefits of EE goes far beyond energy and monetary saving, as illustrated in the picture of a school in Uzbekistan and conditions there before and after EE retrofit
- Next slide please
- To correct these fundamental market failures, strong political commitment and leadership at all level, including the highest is needed. This is well illustrated by the following examples. Croatia:The Government, central and local, introduced and established energy efficiency as a policy priority and as a practical tool for effective housekeeping in the whole public sector in the country, including local and county authorities, as well as central government ministries and agencies. With UNDP-GEF support it has implemented Energy Management System covering practically all public facilities in Croatia. The country became a leader in EMS in public sector in Europe (and globally).Grant funds served as seed money, but it was the local funding that actually allowed country wide roll-out and implementation of EMS in the whole public sector.Kazakhstan: The Government adopted National Program on Housing and Utilities Development . It made mandatory the implementation of EE measures in all residential buildings undergoing major retrofits resulting in energy saving of 30-50%/per building. It also allocated state financing for building retrofits in the amount of 640 mln US dollars in 2011-2020. Grant funds served as seed money to demonstrate cost-effectiveness of thermal modernization and help design ESCO model for their implementation. Next slide please