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Smoke Alarm                        A Safer Community—For Everyone
Statistics                         After a tragic fire, communities often come together to address fire safety. But
                                   what if there was a way for communities to work together before a fire broke out,
                                   to help save property and lives before they were lost?
• Smoke alarms are the             A smoke alarm installation program in your community can make a measurable
  residential fire safety          difference in reducing deaths and injuries in a fire. Smoke alarms are the life-
                                   saving success story of the past 30 years. Roughly 70 percent of home fire
  success story of the past        deaths in the United States result from fires in homes with no smoke alarms or no
  quarter century.                 working smoke alarms.


                                   Installing Safety
• Each year, roughly 70 percent
                                   The approach to an installation program is simple: fire safety advocates in your
  of home fire deaths result       community—from firefighters and safety educators to business leaders and
                                   representatives of older adult or health groups—team up to install smoke alarms.
  from fires in homes with no
                                   Your installation program can be broad, targeting an entire community, or very
  smoke alarms or no working       focused, reaching out to a core group of vulnerable citizens.

  smoke alarms.                    However you choose to go about it, by installing smoke alarms in homes, you’ll
                                   be doing your part to make residents and your entire community much safer.

• Homes with smoke alarms                                             From Start to Finish
  (whether or not they are                                            To help you plan and implement your own
  operational) typically have a                                       smoke alarm installation program, the
                                                                      National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
  death rate that is 40 to 50                                         has developed this comprehensive guide.
  percent less than the rate for                                      In it, you’ll find everything you need to get
                                                                      started, from tips on how to select and train
  homes without alarms.                                               volunteers, to pointers on soliciting donations
                                                                      and publicizing your program.

• If every home had working                                           In putting together this guide, we’ve relied
                                                                      on the experts: safety advocates from across
  smoke alarms, U.S. home                                             the country who’ve conducted their own
  fire deaths would decrease                                          successful smoke alarm installation programs.
                                                                      From urban areas, to sprawling suburbs, to
  by an estimated 36 percent,                                         rural hamlets, our experts have helped to get
  resulting in an estimated        smoke alarms installed just about everywhere. Chances are, there is a community
                                   mentioned in these pages that isn’t that different from your own.
  1,120 lives saved per year.
                                   So what are you waiting for? Let’s get started!
• Smoke alarms fail most of        Note: Smoke alarm installation programs, in which firefighters and trained
                                   volunteers install smoke alarms and batteries, are not the same as smoke alarm
  the time because of missing,
                                   giveaway projects. Experts warn that simply giving residents alarms does not
  disconnected or dead             ensure that they will be installed correctly, if at all.

  batteries.
 1
The Mississippi Project                                                                Yazoo City
In 2002, a home fire in Tchula, MS, claimed the lives of six children. Since then,
local leaders and the Mississippi High-Risk Fire Safety Task Force have been
working with national safety organizations, including NFPA and the U.S. Fire
Administration, to keep such a tragedy from happening again.

Their goal: to get working smoke alarms
installed in every home in Holmes
County–where Tchula is located–one
of the most impoverished counties                                                      On October 21, 2004, three adults
in the nation. It was a monumental                                                     and three children, ages 9 to 15,
task. Firefighters and volunteers have                                                 safely escaped a fire in their home
installed 8,700 smoke alarms, with                                                     in Yazoo City, MS. Firefighters say
10-year lithium batteries, in homes                                                    that a smoke alarm installation
throughout the county.                                                                 project, spearheaded by NFPA,
                                                                                       was responsible for the successful
For coordinator Margaret Wilson
                                                                                       escape.
and her team of volunteers from the
community and the Holmes County fire                                                   In 2003, after five children died in
departments, making sure that local residents get                                      a home fire in Yazoo City, the NFPA
the message has required phone calls, home visits, community meetings and              Center for High-Risk Outreach
a whole lot of shoe leather. They have also publicized the installation project in     donated 3,000, 10-year battery
local newspapers and television stations and by distributing brochures through         smoke alarms to the city, as well
area churches.                                                                         as drills, ladders, and educational
                                                                                       materials. Also, First Alert home
“We’re doing it street by street, going house to house,” says Wilson. “For people
                                                                                       safety products company donated
who aren’t home, we leave a flier telling them to call us if they need an alarm or
                                                                                       250 alarms and the Mississippi
if they need the batteries changed. A lot of people think that it’s enough to have
                                                                                       Department of Health donated 300.
the smoke alarms in their home, but they need to check to make sure that they
work.”                                                                                 Fire Marshal James Jackson
                                                                                       says that by the time he and his
While installing 8,700 alarms may seem like a tall task, Wilson insists that the
                                                                                       volunteers are done, they will have
key to an efficient and effective installation program is good, reliable volunteers,
                                                                                       installed 3,550 alarms. Every home
no matter how many alarms you are seeking to install. “Make sure you have
                                                                                       in Yazoo City will have smoke alarm
some good volunteers who are dedicated and get the job done,” she says.
                                                                                       coverage. To get the word out about
                                                                                       the program, the fire department
                                                                                       has run announcements on
                                                                                       local radio stations and in the
                                                                                       newspaper. One key to the
                                                                                       program’s success: a visible
                                                                                       presence by the fire department.
                                                                                       “When we go out, we take a fire
                                                                                       truck. If folks see a fire truck, they’ll
                                                                                       let you in,” says Jackson.




                                                                                                                            2
Keys to                                Step One: Organize a Planning Committee
Success                                A successful smoke alarm installation requires more than just installing smoke
                                       alarms. The key to a well-run program is advanced planning and a steering
Spotlight: Fire                        committee that has leaders from throughout the community.
Department Participation
                                       Start by identifying organizations that should
From big cities to small towns,        be part of your planning team. You’ll probably
organizers of successful smoke         want to start with representatives of the local
alarm installation projects can        fire department, including the local fire chief,
agree on one thing: fire department    head of the firefighters union, or the leader
                                       of the volunteer firefighter association. You’ll
participation is key to an effective
                                       also want to involve local safety advocates,
campaign. “People associate smoke
                                       community organizations and businesses.
alarms with fire departments,”         Remember, the more diverse the group of
says Mark Jackson, a public health     institutions you include in the planning process, the better chance you’ll have of
advisor for the Centers for Disease    reaching local residents and conducting a successful installation project.
Control and Prevention in Atlanta,
                                       Here’s who you should think about involving—and how they can make your
GA, who administers a program that     program a success:
has funded 16 states to do smoke
alarm installation and education.      Local fire department or firefighters union
                                       They are the first link to fire safety in the community.
“Partnering with the fire department
gives credibility to an installation   Businesses, including retail outlets
program and that uniform is often      From big home improvement stores to small local outfits, businesses are often
what gets people into the homes,”      willing to donate supplies, including smoke alarms, batteries, ladders and drills.
says Jackson.
                                       Local chapters of service clubs
                                       Service clubs such as Rotary International, The Lions Clubs International, 100
                                       Black Men of America, The National Coalition of 100 Black Women, The Elks
                                       Club and Kiwanis International, can be a key source of volunteers and often have
                                       connections with local businesses.

                                       Older adult organizations
                                       Older residents are among the most vulnerable to fire death. Organizations that
                                       service this population can help you reach them.

                                       Health and safety agencies and organizations
                                       Fire prevention is a key issue for organizations and agencies that work on health
                                       and safety issues.

                                       Faith-based institutions
                                       Local houses of worship can help you get the word out about your smoke alarm
                                       installation project.

                                       Electricians or members of an electricians’ union
                                       Their labor can be key (and they may be willing to donate it), especially if you are
                                       installing alarms that must be hardwired.



  3
Step Two: Identify Your Target Population                                           Keys
You’ve decided that you want to conduct a smoke alarm installation program.
You’ve even begun to assemble your planning committee. But what kinds of
                                                                                    to Success
residents are you going to target?
                                                                                    Spotlight: Know Your Community
While organizers of smoke alarm programs, like the
                                                                                            The people behind successful
one in Holmes County, MS, set an ambitious
                                                                                                smoke alarm installation
goal of installing alarms in every home,
                                                                                                    programs share one
many other communities have successfully
                                                                                                       very important trait:
conducted installation campaigns that take
                                                                                                        No matter where
a far more limited approach. Some choose
                                                                                                          they live, they
homes within a single census tract, while
                                                                                                           are extremely
others identify a particularly vulnerable
                                                                                                           knowledgeable
population, then try to reach them block
                                                                                                           about the
by block.
                                                                                                           communities in
The scope of your installation program will                                                                which they reside
be determined by the resources available                                                                  and work. And if
to you and the nature of the community                                                                   there is something
in which you live. Answering the following                                                             they don’t know,
questions will help you to take the next steps                                                       they know how to
toward planning and implementing a successful                                                     find the information.
campaign.                                                                                     When the SAFE KIDS
                                                                                            Coalition of Southeastern
• How would you characterize the size and population
                                                                                       Pennsylvania was preparing to
demographics of your community?
                                                                                    launch an ambitious installation
• Are there neighborhoods in your area that have experienced many fire deaths or    and education program in an
have the most fire runs? (Note: the local fire department will know the answer to   impoverished Philadelphia
this question.)                                                                     neighborhood, they knew that they
                                                                                    couldn’t move forward without
• What are the high-risk populations in your area?
                                                                                    answering a basic question: Did
• What kinds of resources are available to you to conduct an installation           residents of the neighborhood trust
campaign?                                                                           the fire department? To answer
                                                                                    that question, SAFE KIDS, which
                                                                                    spearheaded the program along with
                                                                                    the Philadelphia Children’s Hospital,
                                                                                    held two sets of focus groups in
                                                                                    the neighborhood. “We needed to
                                                                                    know what the best vehicle was for
                                                                                    getting into these homes,” says Gina
                                                                                    Duchossois, chair of the coalition.
                                                                                    “This was going to be a two-year
                                                                                    project for us and we wanted to
                                                                                    make sure that we had the right
                                                                                    information.”




                                                                                                                         4
Keys to                                Step Three: Identify High-Risk Residents
Success                                                         in Your Community
                                       NFPA research consistently shows that certain populations are particularly
Spotlight: Answering a                 vulnerable to fire-related deaths and injuries. By targeting these populations in
Wake-Up Call                           your smoke alarm installation efforts, you’ll be striking a significant blow against
Fire safety advocates in Plano,        the risk of death and harm from fire. These at-risk groups include:
TX, didn’t need to do research to      • Young children
determine which of their town’s
residents were vulnerable to fire      • Older adults
death. In 2003, after 22 years         • People with disabilities
without a fire death, this town of
240,000 lost two elderly people        • Low-income communities, communities with many recent
in home fires. While the fire            immigrants from non-English speaking countries
department had been conducting         • Residents of homes with security bars
smoke alarm installations since
1996, the tragic deaths spurred        But the home of a vulnerable individual, or even an entire at-risk neighborhood,
a new effort to reach out to older     never exists in isolation, notes safety advocate Sharron Beals, the executive
adults, particularly those living      director of Beechwood on the Bay, a nonprofit agency in Quincy, MA, that serves
alone.                                 young children and older adults. “A community is at risk if it has vulnerable
                                       homes and those tend to be the homes of seniors,” says Beals, who helps
In the past, notes fire safety         coordinate a smoke alarm installation program for adults 75 and older. “If your
education coordinator Peggy Harrell,                                                           neighbor is elderly and can’t
fire department representatives                                                                get up on a ladder to check
and volunteers have targeted single                                                           the battery in his alarm,
family residences. “But both of our                                                           then you’re at risk too.
fire deaths were in apartments, so                                                           When you have vulnerable
we’re really focusing on how we can                                                          residents, you have a
reach out to apartment dwellers.”                                                            vulnerable community.”
Now, in addition to installing smoke
alarms in targeted neighborhoods
three times a year, volunteers are
also visiting apartment complexes,
leaving behind door hangers and
newsletters emblazoned with a
simple message: Make sure that
your apartment has a working
smoke alarm. “I leave my phone
number behind too,” says Harrell.
“That way, they can call me with
any questions.”




 5
Step Four: Solicit Financial Support                                                 Keys to
                      and Donations                                                  Success
You’ve got your plan, and you’ve assembled a group of experts to help you
                                                                                     Spotlight: Business to the
implement it. But you’re still missing an essential component: supplies, including
                                                                                     Rescue
smoke alarms, batteries, ladders, drills and other equipment.                        When fire inspector Cindy Kettering
                                                                                     of the Bend, OR, fire department
While some fire departments and safety organizations rely on grants from
                                                                                     got a call from a local resident in
national organizations including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
                                                                                     need of a special smoke alarm for
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and NFPA to fund their smoke
                                                                                     the hearing impaired, she knew
alarm installation programs, many communities conduct their campaigns using
                                                                                     just what to do: She contacted
equipment and labor that’s donated locally. Donations solicited from area
                                                                                     Gentex, Inc., a manufacturer of fire
businesses can significantly defray the cost of your installation program.
                                                                                     protection equipment, including
But how to begin? You should start by identifying businesses —either national        smoke alarms that utilize visual
corporations with an outlet in your area, or home-grown companies— or                signals. “They donated $5,000
institutions that might have an interest in fire prevention. Even businesses that    worth of alarms, enabling us to
would seem to have little to do with safety often share an interest in supporting    expand our smoke alarm program
initiatives that work to make their community safer. These could include:            to include services to Bend’s
                                                                                     hearing impaired residents,” says
• Stores that sell smoke alarms or batteries                                         Kettering. It’s far from the first
Including Wal-Mart, Lowe’s, The Home Depot, True Value and other hardware,           time that she has approached
home improvement and retail outlets.                                                 businesses—both local and
                                                                                     national—about supporting
                                                                                     Bend’s smoke alarm installation
• Insurance companies with offices in your area
                                                                                     program. In recent years, she has
Ask them to consider making a donation to support the program.
                                                                                     secured donations from companies
                                                                                     including Lowe’s, The Home
• Hospitals or other healthcare organizations                                        Depot, Wal-Mart, Fred Meyer
Supporting a smoke alarm installation program complements their community
                                                                                     and Costco. What’s the trick to a
health mission.
                                                                                     successful solicitation? “Try to get
                                                                                     a face-to-face meeting with store
• Printing presses or copy shops                                                     management as a way to introduce
Approach them about donating the printing of promotional materials.                  yourself. Just say ‘Hey, I’m in the
                                                                                     community.’ That’s how you begin
• Restaurants or grocery stores                                                      to cultivate that good relationship,”
They may be interested in donating food to feed hungry volunteers.                   says Kettering. “And don’t forget to
                                                                                     send a thank you letter.”




                                                                                                                        6
Keys                                                  Sample Letter to Area Businesses
to Success                                             Send this letter to area businesses months before you plan to conduct your
                                                       smoke alarm installation.

Spotlight: Rural Installation
Programs
                                                   Dear (Nam
Conducting a smoke alarm                                          e of Store
                                                                                Manager)
installation program in a rural                                                             :
                                                  The comm
area presents a unique set of                                   itment of
                                                                             (NAME O
                                                 of this, th                              F STORE)
challenges. Paying repeat visits                              e (Town/C                                  to public
                                                                           ity) Fire D                              safety is w
                                                like to inv                              epartmen                                 ell known
to residents who live in isolated                            ite you to                               t and (NA                              . Because
                                                                          support o                               ME OF O
areas, for example, is much more                are the m                               ur smoke                             RGANIZA
                                                            ost effecti                              alarm ins                            TION) wo
                                                                         ve tool we                              tallation p                         uld
time consuming than returning                  City) resid                              have to p                            roject. Sm
                                                            ents don’t                               revent de                             oke alarm
                                                                          have work                              aths from                             s
to a densely populated urban                  (NAME O                                    ing alarm                           fire, but m
                                                           F STORE),                                 s in their                            any (Town
neighborhood. “Once you get                                               we’ll be a                              homes. W                              /
                                                                                       ble to rea                             ith the su
outside of the city limits, it’s just        There are                                              ch more lo                            pport of
                                                           many wa                                                cal reside
                                                                       ys that yo                                            nts than e
not realistic,” says Steve Davidson,         program,                                ur (NAME                                             ver.
                                                          including                               ) store ca
program administrator for the                                         donating                                n support
                                            contributi                              smoke ala                              this life-s
                                                         on, or by                               rms and b                             aving
Office of Injury Prevention in the                                   letting yo                                atteries, m
                                           hope that                              ur custom                                 aking a fi
Georgia Division of Public Health.                       you’ll con                            ers know                                 nancial
                                                                     sider part                              about the
                                           a success                               nering wit                            installatio
Instead, firefighters and fire safety                  .                                        h us to m                             n campaig
                                                                                                             ake this e                           n. I
advocates in Davidson’s neck of                                                                                         ssential s
                                          In return,                                                                                 afety prog
                                                      we will re                                                                                ram
the woods leave door hangers at                                    cognize th
                                         how you                                  e support
houses where no one is home,                         plan to pro                               of (STORE
                                                                   mote the                                   NAME) b
and rely on a tight network of                                                   business’s                              y (Clearly
                                        I will follo                                           involveme                               explain
                                                     w up with                                               nt in your
neighbors and friends to spread                                    you next                                               campaign
                                        ways that                              week, and                                              .)
the word about the installation                      we can w                                 look forw
                                                                  ork togeth                               ard to spe
                                       be reache                               er to incre                             aking with
effort. “The good part about                       d at (pho                                ase fire sa                               you abou
                                                               ne numbe                                    fety in (To                          t
living in a rural area is that         considera                             r) if you h                               wn/City).
                                                  tion.                                   ave any q                                I can
                                                                                                        uestions.
people tend to know each                                                                                           Thank yo
                                      Sincerely,                                                                               u for your
other and you get very few
refusals,” says Davidson.

He notes that rural Georgia
                                      (Your Nam
is often referred to as the                      e)
“Burn Belt” due to its               (Title)
high percentage of old              (Town/Cit
                                              y) Fire De
                                                        partment
and highly combustible                                           Or Organiz
                                                                           ation
dwellings. Thanks to the
efforts of Davidson and
other safety advocates, however,
rural Georgians are increasingly
likely to escape from home fires
safely. Davidson’s office currently
oversees 25 smoke alarm
installation programs across the
state. “In the past three years,
we’ve had 70 saves.”
 7
Step Five: Get the Word Out About Your Program                                        Keys to
You know the story about the tree that fell in the forest, but there being no one
there to hear it? The same rule applies to public safety initiatives. An effective
                                                                                      Success
smoke alarm installation program depends on a successful publicity strategy.
                                                                                      Spotlight: Life-Saving Publicity
Getting the word out about your campaign will inform local residents that you’re
going to be in their neighborhood, and get people talking about smoke alarms and      When Battalion Chief John Flahie
fire safety.                                                                          of the Moab Valley Fire Protection
                                                                                      District in Moab, UT, wanted to
Contacting the local media is one way to generate publicity for your installation
                                                                                      get fliers about a smoke alarm
program (We’ve included a sample press release that you can customize and send
                                                                                      installation program into the hands
out to newspapers, television and radio stations in your area).
                                                                                      of residents, he started with local
But there are other ways to spread the word as well. Here’s a look:                   social service agencies. “They were
                                                                                      best able to identify their clients,”
Let them know you’re coming                                                           says Flahie. “I supplied the fliers
If you plan to be in a particular neighborhood on a scheduled day, let residents      and they handed them out. Then
know in advance. Leave door hangers or post handbills on telephone poles in the       it was up to the client to contact
targeted area.                                                                        us.” The result: The Moab Fire
                                                                                      Department had more requests than
Work through the schools                                                              alarms. Flahie also runs ads on the
                                                                                      radio and television and in print
One way to contact parents in a targeted area is to get materials into the hands
                                                                                      about his smoke alarm installation
of their children through teachers who are fire safety advocates. Look for teachers
                                                                                      program, but has found that working
who are part of NFPA’s Risk Watch® and the Learn Not to Burn® programs, or
                                                                                      with aid agencies has been key in
who regularly participate in Fire Prevention Week activities.
                                                                                      reaching Moab’s large population of
                                                                                      seasonal workers. “This is a boom
Reach people where they are
                                                                                      and bust economy. We have a lot of
If you plan to target a particular population—say, older adults—identify places       people who are just scraping by and
that cater to them and ask about handing out your materials there. NFPA’s             if we can let them know that we’re
Remembering When: A Fire and Fall Prevention Program for Older Adults™                offering free smoke alarms, they’re
includes a smoke alarm installation component.                                        going to take advantage of it.”

Leave a calling card
If you miss residents in a targeted area, don’t give up. Leave a door hanger to
let them know that you’ve stopped by.
Give residents the option of calling a
contact in the fire department
to have an alarm installed at a
later date.




                                                                                                                       8
Training Tips                           Sample Door Hanger
                                        Door hangers are a great way to let residents know that
Know where to install smoke             you’re planning to be in the area to install smoke alarms.
alarms                                  And if you miss a resident, especially in rural areas where
A successful installation program       the distance between homes can make
involves making sure that alarms are    multiple visits unrealistic, door hangers
installed correctly—and in the right    are a convenient reminder that a smoke
                                                                                                        We Missed
locations.                              alarm installation program is under                        ry




                                                                                          Sor
                                        way. You also have the option of




                                                                                                                       Y ou !
• Install smoke alarms on every         allowing residents to contact you at
level of the home, including the        their convenience to schedule an
basement, making sure that there        installation appointment.
is an alarm outside every separate                                                    We wer
                                        What does a door hanger look                            e in yo
sleeping area.                                                                        today f            ur neig
                                                                                               or a “S              hb
                                        like? Here’s an example, provided            Drive”             moke A orhood
                                                                                              and ha               larm
• In addition to installing alarms on                                                or chec            ve inst
                                        by Capt. Michael McLemore of                          ke                 alled a
every level and outside the sleeping                                                of man d alarms in t                  nd/
                                        the Sugar Land Fire Department                        yo                    he hom
                                                                                   Sugar L f your neigh                     es
areas, it’s a good idea to install                                                            an                   bo
                                        in Sugar Land, TX.                         has pro d Fire Depar rs.
                                                                                             vi                    tment
smoke alarms in all bedrooms.                                                     for the ded this FRE
                                                                                             past 10              E servi
                                                                                                       years!             ce
• For manufactured (mobile) homes,                                               The fir
                                                                                          efighte
                                                                                 L and w           rs o
install a smoke alarm outside of                                                          ould lik f Sugar
                                                                                family                e to he
each sleeping area and inside of                                                         sta                   lp y
                                                                               increas y safe. One w our
                                                                                         e safety               ay
each bedroom.                                                                 that ho                is by en to
                                                                                         mes ha                 suring
                                                                              numbe                ve an a
• If someone in the home is deaf or                                                     r of sm              dequat
                                                                             proper               oke ala             e
                                                                                        locatio             rms in
hard of hearing, consider installing                                         alarms              n and t              the
                                                                                        are fun             ha
an alarm that combines flashing                                                                   ctionin t those
                                                                            Smoke                           g.
lights, vibration and/or sound.                                                        alarm i
                                                                           home i               nstalla
                                                                                      ns                  tions a
                                                                           of the n pections are                    nd
                                                                                       on-eme              ju
• Mount smoke alarms high on                                              offered               rgency st two
                                                                                      by the              s
walls or ceilings (remember, smoke                                        Depart               Sugar L ervices
                                                                                    ment.                and Fir
rises). Ceiling mounted alarms                                                                                      e
                                                                         Appoin
should be installed at least four                                                   tments
                                                                         by calli             can be
                                                                                   ng the               schedu
                                                                                             Public               le
inches away from the nearest wall;                                      Progra
                                                                                  m Offic             Educat d
                                                                        0000. T             e at 00             ion
wall-mounted alarms should be                                                      here is           0-000-
                                                                       these s               no cha
installed four to 12 inches away                                                 ervices              rge for
                                                                                          .
from the ceiling.                                                              Fire S
                                                                                      afe Su
                                                                                A Com        gar La
                                                                                       munit        nd
• If you have ceilings that are                                                               y Fire
                                                                                 Safety
pitched, install the alarm near the                                                      Progra
                                                                                                m
ceiling’s highest point.

• Don’t install smoke alarms near
windows, doors, or ducts where
drafts might interfere with their
operation.

• Smoke alarms should not be
installed in kitchens, bathrooms or
garages.

  9
Sample Press Release                                                                                                 Keys to
Send this release out at least two weeks before
you plan to conduct your smoke alarm installation.
                                                                                                                     Success
                                                                                                                                  Spotlight: Choose
                                                                                                                                  Volunteers Carefully
                                       r)
                        onth/Date/Yea
   For  release on: (M                        ame)                                                                                       Fire safety advocate
                                tact: (Your N
                  rmation, con                                                                                                            Sharron Beals hopes that
   For more info
                              )
                 one number                                                                                                               however you recruit your
    (Your teleph
                                                                                                                                           volunteers, you’ll do so
                   ity)                                                                                                rms
     (Your Town/C
                                                                                ons to In     stall Smoke Ala                              with an eye toward the
                                  y/) and Comm        unity Organizati                                     ghters from
                                                                                                                             (Your          safety of the people
          (Your Town/Cit                                             fire preventio
                                                                                         n effort, firefi
                                                                                                                    sidents on
                                                    munity-wide                    ations) will vi
                                                                                                      sit local re                          you’re ultimately
                                    art of a com                                                                                g
     (Your Tow    n/City)– As p                           icip ating Organiz                              ies and installin                  serving. “We’re trying
                                          bers of (Part                                placing batter
                      ent) and mem                                  spections, re
     Fire Departm                                  oke alarm in                                                                              to ensure senior
                                  form free sm
      (Month,    Date) to per                                                                                                                 safety,” says Beals,
                                        .                                                                      , including
                       s as needed                                                         lo cal residents
      smoke alarm                                                       reach out to                                      eaths.              executive director of
                                                      f an effort to                                    able to fire d
                                       ign is part o                                  ho are vulner
                       ity) campa                                  borhoods, w                                ave them will                    Beechwood on the
       The (Town/C                                 ents of neigh                              who don’t h
                       ng peo    ple and resid                            it y) residents                                                      Bay in Quincy, MA.
       seniors, you                                    es of (Town/C
                        oke alarm      s in the hom                                                                                            “You don’t want
        Installing sm                                             .
                                                 g a home fire                                                       l nonprofit
                         r od  ds of survivin                                                       internationa                                to end up making
        increase thei                                                              (NFPA), the
                                                                Association                                   n 80 years,
                                            Fir e Protection                            eek  for more tha                                       their vulnerability
                          the National                               revention W                                      es with no
         According to                        l spon  sor of Fire P                                   fires in hom
                            te and officia                                         y result from                effective earl
                                                                                                                                  y              aware to the wrong
         safety advoca                                         in the countr
                                           m  e fire deaths                                s are the most                                        people.” She
                           ercent of ho                               “Smoke alarm                                     Center for
          roughly 70 p                               oke alarms.                                   tor of NFPA’s
                            s or no work
                                            ing sm                                ecutive direc                                dying              urges planning
          smoke alarm                                         Gamache, ex                                   ur chance of
                                             says Sharon                                  h ome cuts yo
                           ice there is,”                              larm in your                                                               committee
           warning dev                                g a smoke a
                           utreach    . “Just havin                                                                                                members to
           High-Risk O                                                                                            ,” says (Your
                            rly in half.”                                                       smoke alarm                                        know who their
           in a fire nea                                                      tection of a                                  re death,
                                               residents    have the pro                      won’t pre    vent ever y fi                          volunteers are
                             to make sure                                 alarms alone                                 they know
            “Our goal is                           “B ecause smoke                               es cape plan so                                    and to make
                                 rganization).                                  a home fire
            N ame, Title, O                      ting resi dents to have                                                                            sure that they’re
                               cludes educa
             our project in                     larm   sounds.”                                                       nit y volunteers               adequately
                                the smoke a                                                          and commu
             what to do if                                       rogram, loca
                                                                                    l firefighters                             Residents
                                                                                                               borhoods).                            supervised
                                               installation p                                wns or neigh
                              smoke alarm                  ting residen     ts in (List to                                nding for the
              During the
                                          the area, visi                                               ber). Local fu                                 during the
                                                                                      me) at (Num
              will fa n out through                           sh  ould call (Na                                                                       installation
                                             a home visit                                     .
                             to schedule                                 local funders)
              who wish                                  ded by (List                                          says Judy Co
                                                                                                                                  moletti,             portion of
                                       am was provi                                          of minutes,”
               inst allation progr                                       e in a matter                                  nce warning                    the project.
                                                       rough a hom                                   why the adva
                                     and spread th                                 tion. “That’s                           in th is                     Beals’s group
                “Fire can gro
                                  w                             public educa                              articipating
                                  tant vice   president for                              g lives. By p                               a t local
                NFPA’s assis                                             al to savin                                 to ensure th                       uses off-duty
                                                        n be essenti                               t) is helping
                                  sm  oke alarms ca                            ir e Departmen                                                           firefighters
                 provided by                                 tion, (Your F
                                      oke  alarm installa
                 community sm                         homes.”
                                                                                                                                                         and the
                                    safer in their
                  residents are                                                                                                                         local Rotary
                                                                                                                                    group as its resource (Beals
                                                                                                                            is a member). “It could be another
                                                                                                                            group, but the key is that you have
                                                                                                                            a group with knowledge of the
                                                                                                                            members it’s supplying and a level
                                                                                                                            of accountability.”
                                                                                                                                                                 10
Keys to                                   Step 6: Recruit Volunteers
Success                                   Your ability to recruit and provide training to volunteers will play a big part
                                          in determining just how successful your smoke alarm installation project is.
                                          The more volunteers you have, the more houses your team members will
Spotlight: Partnerships
                                          be able to visit. And while numbers are important, quality is key as well.
When it comes to getting smoke            You’ll be visiting the homes of some of the more vulnerable members of your
alarms into the homes of vulnerable       community. You’ll want to make absolutely sure that the volunteers you recruit
                                          are both trustworthy and accountable.
older adults, the state of Virginia is
tops. Since 2000, state agencies          First of all, you’ll need to develop a strategy for recruiting volunteers. Here are
and fire prevention groups have           some tips:
installed more than 3,800 smoke
alarms, and provided NFPA’s               Fire department first                      Target the community
Remembering When: A Fire and
                                          As we’ve stressed throughout this          Very likely, there are groups in your
Fall Prevention Program for Older         guide, fire department participation is    community that share your mission of
AdultsTM to more than 6,500 older         essential to an effective smoke alarm      fire safety and prevention, but aren’t
adults. What’s Virginia’s secret? A       installation project. Depending on the     involved in the actual planning of the
unique partnership with so-called         department’s level of commitment,          event. Supplying volunteers to help with
AAAs, or Area Agencies on Aging.          the fire chief may be willing to           the installation of smoke alarms is a
                                          assign on-duty firefighters to the task    relatively easy way for these groups to
A statewide program called Get
                                          (Of course, be prepared for them           support your efforts.
Alarmed Virginia, now funded by
                                          to leave quickly in the event of an
the Virginia Department of Health,
                                          emergency). Off-duty firefighters can
is conducted through nine different
                                                                                     Branch out—with care
                                          also be called on to help.
AAAs. “They are providing services                                                   With the proper training, all sorts of
                                                                                     people can serve as volunteers on your
at the local level, so they’re able to    Start with your planning
                                                                                     installation team. Installation campaigns
reach a huge number of seniors in         committee
                                                                                     across the country have circulated
the state,” explains Carol Cooper
                                          Groups involved in planning your           their appeals for volunteers via radio,
Driskill, a program director with the     smoke alarm installation project are       television, even light posts.
Virginia Department of Aging. “In         a good source of volunteers, from
turn, the agencies are partnering         the staff members of health and
with their local fire departments. It’s   safety organizations to members
been wonderful.”                          of local chapters of service
                                          organizations such as The Lions
                                          Clubs International and Rotary
To order a Remembering                    International.
When program or
supporting brochures go to
www.nfpacatalog.org.




  11
Step 7: Provide Your Volunteers with the Necessary                                      Smoke Alarms with Special
                                                                                        Features
Training, Tools and Materials
                                                                                        Many smoke alarm models now
You’ve assembled enough volunteers to fan out across the area you’ve chosen to          come equipped with enhanced
check smoke alarms, install new ones and replace batteries as needed. So how do         features so that they can be more
you make sure that your volunteer force is up to the task? Simple: train them. You’ll   easily tested, even by people with
want to ensure that your helpers understand how to install smoke alarms correctly       vision and hearing problems.
and can speak about the purpose of the program and about fire safety in general.
                                                                                        Escape Light: When the smoke
                                                                                        alarm sounds, an escape light is
Installation 101                            your volunteers, their ‘people skills’
                                            are key as well. Do role-playing            also activated, helping you to exit
Thanks to enhanced features, testing
                                            activities to make sure that they can       the area.
your smoke alarm to ensure that
it works can be as easy as using a          explain the program in a friendly and       Alarms with Strobe Lights: Some
TV remote control. And thanks to            knowledgeable way.                          alarms come equipped with strobe
advanced warning systems, alarms                                                        lights to alert people who are deaf or
are more easily seen or heard, even
                                            Have materials ready
                                                                                        hard of hearing.
                                            Chances are, you’ll want to have
by people with vision and hearing
problems. Most successful campaigns
                                            some materials to distribute to the         Lithium Batteries and 10-Year
recommend conducting a thorough
                                            residents of the homes you’re visiting.     Power Cells: Alarms that use
                                            Many of these are available online          these power sources can operate for
training session before the big day.
                                            at www.nfpa.org. Under ‘Research            up to 10 years without requiring a
The top lesson on the agenda: how to
                                            & Reports’ navigation bar, click on         change of battery.
install a smoke alarm. To make sure
                                            ‘Fact Sheets’ and then ‘Fire Prevention
your training covers the basics, follow
                                            Equipment’. Make sure you have
                                                                                        Combination Alarms: A smoke
the suggested Installation Training                                                     alarm and carbon monoxide alarm
                                            brochures, fact sheets and home fire
Agenda on page 17.                                                                      are in one unit. Make sure to note
                                            escape plans ready before the big day.
                                                                                        the difference between the sound of
Firefighters lead the way
Ask firefighters to help you conduct
                                            Tools for success                           each alarm.
                                            Whether you end up with donated             Remote-Controlled Testing
the training. Have them break down
                                            alarms and batteries, or purchase           Buttons: No need to climb up
the installation process into simple
                                            them yourself, you’ll need to divide        on a ladder—smoke alarms with
steps that can be easily replicated.
                                            them among your volunteers when             this feature allow you to use most
Training volunteers to lead                 installation day finally arrives. In        standard TV/VCR remote controls to
If you are relying on on-duty               addition, you may also want to              test your smoke alarm.
firefighters to lead the installation       consider supplying your volunteers
teams, be sure you’re prepared in           with the following:                         Hush Buttons: This feature allows
                                                                                        you to temporarily silence the smoke
the event of an emergency (one that         • Cordless drills and screwdrivers
                                                                                        alarm in the event of a “nuisance”
requires them to leave the installation     • Safety goggles                            alarm (cooking smoke that is not
project to do what they do best: fight
                                            • Safety step stools                        fire-related, for example). Depressing
fires). You’ll want to make sure that
                                            • Liability release forms                   the hush button automatically
your volunteers can step up to
                                              (see page 13)                             switches the alarm to a reduced
the challenge if there are no
                                                                                        sensitivity condition for a limited
firefighters present.                       • Installation survey
                                                                                        period of time. If a real fire occurs,
                                              forms (see page 14)
Role-play the day                                                                       and the quantity of smoke reaching
While you’ll want to                                                                    the smoke alarm is sufficient, the
check on the knowledge                                                                  alarm will sound.
and installation skills of

                                                                                                                              12
Installation                            Sample Waiver Form
Waiver                                  Sample waiver form for smoke alarm installation program*

Before your team members actually
install a smoke alarm in a particular
household, they’ll need to get the
resident’s
signature on the
following waiver.
By signing the
waiver, the
resident agrees
not to sue the fire
department, the
city or town, or
other organizations
involved in the
smoke alarm
installation program
in the event that the
smoke alarm fails to
work properly.




  13
Survey Form for Smoke Alarm                                                                                     List of service
Installation Program                                                                                            organizations
Your volunteers will need some means of keeping track of the work they’ve                                       Service organizations are a great
done. This installation survey from NFPA will allow them to record important                                    source of volunteers. Here’s a list of
                                                                                                                some of the better known clubs, and
information about the residence they’ve visited, as well as the number of alarms
                                                                                                                their national offices. Contact them
they’ve installed or batteries they’ve replaced.
                                                                                                                to identify a branch near you.
www.nfpa.org/assets/files/PDF/installationsurvey.pdf                                                            The Association of
                                                                                                                Junior Leagues International Inc.
                                                                                                                90 William Street, Suite 200
                                                                                                                New York, NY 10038
                                                              FIRE Ac
                                                Smoke A
                                                           larm Insta t Grant                                   212.951.8300
                   1. Date:                                          llation Su
                                                                               rvey Form                        www.ajli.org
                                                                  11. Was
                                                                           the
                                                                  each slee re a smoke alarm                    100 Black Men of America
                                                                            ping area        outside            141 Auburn Avenue
                 2. Installe                                      �Yes �             ?
                            r’s Name                                      No
                                       :                                                                        Atlanta, GA 30303
                                                                  12. How
                                                                             many sm                            (404) 688-5100
                                                                 test?                  oke alarm               www.100blackmen.org
                                                                                                    s did you
                3. Occup                                         �zero �
                              ant’s Nam                                      one �tw
                                          e:                                            o �three
                                                                                                     or more    Benevolent & Protective
                                                                13. How                    How ma
               4. Street                                        �zero �
                                                                            many ala
                                                                                      rms did n ny ___          Order of the Elks of the USA
                             Address:                                       one �tw               ot w
                                                                                       o �three ork?            2750 N. Lakeview Avenue
                                                                                                    or more
                                                               14. If smo
                                                                            ke alarms How many ___
                                                                                                                Chicago, IL 60614-1889
                                                               please in                did not w               (773) 755-4700
                                                                          dic                      ork
                                                              the follow ate how many ala ,                     www.elks.org
                                                                          ing proble               rms had
                                                              �battery                m
                                                                          was disco (s):
                                                              �battery                nn
                                                                         was dead ected________                 Fraternal Order of Eagles
                                                             �battery                ________
                                                                         wa                      __
           5. Town:                                          �other (s s missing______ _____                    1623 Gateway Circle S.
                                                                         pecify)__               _
                                                                                    ________ ______             Grove City, OH 43123
                                                                                                _______
                                                            15. How                                             (614) 883-2200
                                                                       many sm
                                                            more tha              oke alarm
                                                                       n1                     s were            www.foe.com
          6. Type o                                         �zero � 0 years old?
                       f Residen                                       one �tw
         �one fam                   ce:                                           o �three
                        ily �2-fa                                                              or m             Kiwanis International
         �apartm                    m
                     ent �ma ily (duplex)�                 16. How m                  How man ore
                                                                       any batte                 y ___
                                  nufacture
                                              d home      replace?                 ries did y
                                                                                              ou
                                                                                                                3636 Woodview Trace
                              (mobile h
                                         ome)             �zero �
                                                                      one �tw                                   Indianapolis, IN 46268-3196
       7. Numbe                                                                 o �three                        (317) 875-8755
                     r of levels                                                             or m
       �one �
                    two �thre
                                   in the hom
                                                e                                   How man ore                 www.kiwanis.org
                                   e or more :                                                 y ___
                                                         17. How m
                            How man                                   any new
                                        y ___            you insta              smoke ala
                                                                   ll?                       rms did            Knights of Columbus Headquarters
      8.How ma                                           �zero �
                   ny smoke                                         one �tw
     in the hom
                   e
                                  alarms w
                                             ere
                                                                               o �three
                                                                                           or more              1 Columbus Plaza
     alarms? (I before you installe                     18. What
                  f zero, ple                 d new               safety info How many ___                      New Haven, CT 06510
    Question                     ase skip              leave with              rmation d                        (203) 752-4000
                 16                        to                       th                    id
    �zero � .)                                         Please sp e home’s occupa you
                 one �tw
                               o �three               ________
                                                                  ecify:___
                                                                             ________ t?
                                                                                          n                     www.kofc.org
                                           or more               __                      ___
   9. Was th                                          ________ ______________ _____
                ere at lea How many ___                          ________                 __                    Lions Clubs International
   on every                   st one sm
                                          oke alarm                           ________ _____
               lev                                                                       _______
   �Yes � el of the home?                            19. Did y                                                  Headquarters
              No                                               ou help o
                                                     ways out              ccupant fi                           300 W 22nd St.
                                                               of                     nd two
  10. If “no
             ”, which le                             �Yes � every room?                                         Oak Brook IL 60523-8842
                                                               No
  smoke ala                 vel(s) did
              rm                        not have                                                                (630) 571-5466
  �baseme ?                                       a 20. Did
                                                            you help
              nt �first                                                occ                                      www.lionsclubs.org
  �other (s                 floor �se
             pecify)__                  cond floo outside meeting p upant select an
                           ________               r �Yes                lace?
                                       ________            �No
                                                                                                                Rotary International
                                                                                                                One Rotary Center
                                                                                                                1560 Sherman Ave.
                                                                                      10/19/04                  Evanston, IL 60201
                                                                                                                (847) 866-3000
                                                                                                                www.rotary.org



                                                                                                                                                    14
Training Tips                              Step 8: Be Prepared for Challenges—
Tools for Volunteers                       and Know How to Overcome Them
Smoke Alarms: Be sure to use               Sometimes, even the best-laid plans fail to come off, and a smoke alarm
smoke alarms that bear the label           installation program is no exception. From recruiting volunteers to reaching out to
of an independent testing agency.
                                           the residents you want to serve, you may encounter difficulties along the way. To
When distributing alarms to the
installers, be sure to keep track          help you overcome these bumps in the road, we’ve asked some campaign experts
of the number of alarms given to           to tell us about the hurdles that they encountered, and how they overcame them.
each volunteer. The installer must
complete surveys to account for
every alarm. Additional alarms
                                           Problem: Too Few Volunteers
should not be given to the installer       When Cackie Joyner, training coordinator for the Occupational and Environmental
until all alarms are accounted for.        Safety Office at Duke University, set out to help plan Durham, NC’s first ever
Survey & Waiver Forms: Provide             smoke alarm installation, she had an ambitious plan to recruit more than 100
forms for volunteers to complete when      volunteers. But while her efforts garnered tons of local publicity, she had trouble
they visit a home. Provide installers      getting people to make a commitment. And on the big day: disaster. Many
with pens and a clipboard to make it       volunteers who’d signed up to participate didn’t show at all. “The volunteers were
easier to complete the forms.
                                           supposed to come to a big festival we were putting on that day and have lunch.
Identification: All volunteers should      We were kind of surprised at how many didn’t show up.” In the end, Joyner
be able to identify themselves.            and her team went to Plan B: They brought fire trucks into designated areas
Consider using badges, T-shirts,           and had volunteers and firefighters canvas the neighborhoods. “It worked,” says
jackets, or hats to identify your          Joyner. “But it would have been more fun for me if there had been hundreds of
volunteers. Inform residents
                                           thousands of volunteers!”
requesting an installation/inspection
that they should ask to see the
credentials of the installer.              Problem: Trouble Reaching Designated Recipients
Drill: If possible, have cordless drills   The Camden-Gloucester County SAFE KIDS Coalition in southern New Jersey had
and screwdrivers available on a loan       a plan. With the help of a grant, the group identified 145 children in Camden
basis for volunteers. Teach installers
                                           who were both low-income, and suffered from moderate to profound hearing
how to operate the drill. Be sure
                                           loss, then offered to provide each family with specially designed smoke alarms
to recharge the drills according to
manufacturer’s instructions.               for the hearing impaired and install them free of charge. But to the frustration of
                                           coordinator Valerie Chapman, the group had trouble reaching the people they’d
Drill Bits: Extra drill bits should be     hoped to help. “The population wasn’t responsive. Even when we went through
provided with the drill.
                                           the schools, we didn’t get a response, or the families wouldn’t agree.” The
Safety Ladder: If possible, loan a         solution: Organizers ultimately relaxed their criteria in order to boost the number
safety ladder for the installer to use.    of participants in the program. “We ended up opening it up to anyone who met
                                           the hearing impairment part,” says Chapman.
Dry Wall Screws: Screws designed
to be used with dry wall may be easier
to use than the screws and drywall         Problem: Residents Live in Apartments
anchors provided with the alarms.
                                           Peggy Harrell and her team of fire safety advocates in Plano, TX, wanted to install
Batteries: If an installer discovers       smoke alarms in the homes of older adults but they had a problem: Many older
an alarm with missing or dead              adults in Plano live in apartment complexes, and installing smoke alarms is the
batteries, fresh batteries can be
                                           province of the landlord or building supervisor. “We can’t go door-to-door in the
installed and the alarm tested.
                                           apartments,” says Harrell. “Instead we’re working with building maintenance and
Goggles: Installers can protect their      supervisors, making sure that they understand the importance of having working
eyes from injury by wearing goggles.       smoke alarms.” Harrell has even applied for a grant to do a print media campaign
                                           specifically for residents of apartments.

  15
Step 9: Evaluate Your Program                                                 Spotlight:
Once the big day has come and gone, you’ll want to evaluate your program’s    Keep Your Installation
success. Having completed survey forms from volunteers will facilitate this
process. As you answer the following questions (and no doubt come up with     Program Going
a few more of your own), try to focus on ways that you might strengthen the
installation project the next time around.                                    The town of Deerfield, IL, has been
                                                                              conducting smoke alarm installation
                                                                              campaigns for more than 20 years.
How many alarms did you install?
                                                                              In 1983, the community, located
                                                                              18 miles north of Chicago, made
Were you able to gain access to the community
                                                                              headlines with its ambitious effort
or communities you were targeting?
                                                                              to install alarms in every one of
                                                                              Deerfield’s 7,000 homes. Every year
Did you meet the installation goals you set?
                                                                              since then, firefighters have paid
If not, what were the problems?
                                                                              return visits to those homes, making
                                                                              sure that the alarms and their
Was your effort to recruit volunteers successful?
                                                                              batteries are still working. The key
                                                                              to their efforts: a huge commitment
Did you receive coverage in the local media?
                                                                              from the local fire department,
                                                                              says Keith Patterson, director of
What kinds of financial support did your campaign receive?
                                                                              education and media affairs for
                                                                              the Deerfield-Bannockburn Fire
How might you conduct the project differently next time?
                                                                              Protection District. “Everyone in
                                                                              the department got involved and
                                                                              the chief came up with incentives
                                                                              to get people to participate.”
                                                                              The incentives included allowing
                                                                              firefighters to wear comfortable
                                                                              athletic shoes, and special shorts
                                                                              and T-shirts that identified who
                                                                              they were. Since the success of that
                                                                              initial effort, civic and community
                                                                              groups have joined the cause,
                                                                              raising money to support the
                                                                              initiative. “It’s important to think
                                                                              outside the box and be persistent,”
                                                                              says Patterson. Reminder: Smoke
                                                                              alarms are only good for 10 years.
                                                                              After 10 years, the entire unit needs
                                                                              to be replaced. Here are other ideas
                                                                              to keep your installers motivated:
                                                                              • Recognition certificates
                                                                              • Gift certificates
                                                                              • A recognition breakfast, lunch or
                                                                                dinner
                                                                              • Having installers featured
                                                                                on your web site
Sparky® and Sparky the Fire Dog®                                                                                16
are registered trademarks of the NFPA.
Alarm Install Guide
Alarm Install Guide
Alarm Install Guide

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Alarm Install Guide

  • 1. lan ning & Implement P in g Smoke Ala aS rm Ins uc ces tal sful lati on P rogram
  • 2. Smoke Alarm A Safer Community—For Everyone Statistics After a tragic fire, communities often come together to address fire safety. But what if there was a way for communities to work together before a fire broke out, to help save property and lives before they were lost? • Smoke alarms are the A smoke alarm installation program in your community can make a measurable residential fire safety difference in reducing deaths and injuries in a fire. Smoke alarms are the life- saving success story of the past 30 years. Roughly 70 percent of home fire success story of the past deaths in the United States result from fires in homes with no smoke alarms or no quarter century. working smoke alarms. Installing Safety • Each year, roughly 70 percent The approach to an installation program is simple: fire safety advocates in your of home fire deaths result community—from firefighters and safety educators to business leaders and representatives of older adult or health groups—team up to install smoke alarms. from fires in homes with no Your installation program can be broad, targeting an entire community, or very smoke alarms or no working focused, reaching out to a core group of vulnerable citizens. smoke alarms. However you choose to go about it, by installing smoke alarms in homes, you’ll be doing your part to make residents and your entire community much safer. • Homes with smoke alarms From Start to Finish (whether or not they are To help you plan and implement your own operational) typically have a smoke alarm installation program, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) death rate that is 40 to 50 has developed this comprehensive guide. percent less than the rate for In it, you’ll find everything you need to get started, from tips on how to select and train homes without alarms. volunteers, to pointers on soliciting donations and publicizing your program. • If every home had working In putting together this guide, we’ve relied on the experts: safety advocates from across smoke alarms, U.S. home the country who’ve conducted their own fire deaths would decrease successful smoke alarm installation programs. From urban areas, to sprawling suburbs, to by an estimated 36 percent, rural hamlets, our experts have helped to get resulting in an estimated smoke alarms installed just about everywhere. Chances are, there is a community mentioned in these pages that isn’t that different from your own. 1,120 lives saved per year. So what are you waiting for? Let’s get started! • Smoke alarms fail most of Note: Smoke alarm installation programs, in which firefighters and trained volunteers install smoke alarms and batteries, are not the same as smoke alarm the time because of missing, giveaway projects. Experts warn that simply giving residents alarms does not disconnected or dead ensure that they will be installed correctly, if at all. batteries. 1
  • 3. The Mississippi Project Yazoo City In 2002, a home fire in Tchula, MS, claimed the lives of six children. Since then, local leaders and the Mississippi High-Risk Fire Safety Task Force have been working with national safety organizations, including NFPA and the U.S. Fire Administration, to keep such a tragedy from happening again. Their goal: to get working smoke alarms installed in every home in Holmes County–where Tchula is located–one of the most impoverished counties On October 21, 2004, three adults in the nation. It was a monumental and three children, ages 9 to 15, task. Firefighters and volunteers have safely escaped a fire in their home installed 8,700 smoke alarms, with in Yazoo City, MS. Firefighters say 10-year lithium batteries, in homes that a smoke alarm installation throughout the county. project, spearheaded by NFPA, was responsible for the successful For coordinator Margaret Wilson escape. and her team of volunteers from the community and the Holmes County fire In 2003, after five children died in departments, making sure that local residents get a home fire in Yazoo City, the NFPA the message has required phone calls, home visits, community meetings and Center for High-Risk Outreach a whole lot of shoe leather. They have also publicized the installation project in donated 3,000, 10-year battery local newspapers and television stations and by distributing brochures through smoke alarms to the city, as well area churches. as drills, ladders, and educational materials. Also, First Alert home “We’re doing it street by street, going house to house,” says Wilson. “For people safety products company donated who aren’t home, we leave a flier telling them to call us if they need an alarm or 250 alarms and the Mississippi if they need the batteries changed. A lot of people think that it’s enough to have Department of Health donated 300. the smoke alarms in their home, but they need to check to make sure that they work.” Fire Marshal James Jackson says that by the time he and his While installing 8,700 alarms may seem like a tall task, Wilson insists that the volunteers are done, they will have key to an efficient and effective installation program is good, reliable volunteers, installed 3,550 alarms. Every home no matter how many alarms you are seeking to install. “Make sure you have in Yazoo City will have smoke alarm some good volunteers who are dedicated and get the job done,” she says. coverage. To get the word out about the program, the fire department has run announcements on local radio stations and in the newspaper. One key to the program’s success: a visible presence by the fire department. “When we go out, we take a fire truck. If folks see a fire truck, they’ll let you in,” says Jackson. 2
  • 4. Keys to Step One: Organize a Planning Committee Success A successful smoke alarm installation requires more than just installing smoke alarms. The key to a well-run program is advanced planning and a steering Spotlight: Fire committee that has leaders from throughout the community. Department Participation Start by identifying organizations that should From big cities to small towns, be part of your planning team. You’ll probably organizers of successful smoke want to start with representatives of the local alarm installation projects can fire department, including the local fire chief, agree on one thing: fire department head of the firefighters union, or the leader of the volunteer firefighter association. You’ll participation is key to an effective also want to involve local safety advocates, campaign. “People associate smoke community organizations and businesses. alarms with fire departments,” Remember, the more diverse the group of says Mark Jackson, a public health institutions you include in the planning process, the better chance you’ll have of advisor for the Centers for Disease reaching local residents and conducting a successful installation project. Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Here’s who you should think about involving—and how they can make your GA, who administers a program that program a success: has funded 16 states to do smoke alarm installation and education. Local fire department or firefighters union They are the first link to fire safety in the community. “Partnering with the fire department gives credibility to an installation Businesses, including retail outlets program and that uniform is often From big home improvement stores to small local outfits, businesses are often what gets people into the homes,” willing to donate supplies, including smoke alarms, batteries, ladders and drills. says Jackson. Local chapters of service clubs Service clubs such as Rotary International, The Lions Clubs International, 100 Black Men of America, The National Coalition of 100 Black Women, The Elks Club and Kiwanis International, can be a key source of volunteers and often have connections with local businesses. Older adult organizations Older residents are among the most vulnerable to fire death. Organizations that service this population can help you reach them. Health and safety agencies and organizations Fire prevention is a key issue for organizations and agencies that work on health and safety issues. Faith-based institutions Local houses of worship can help you get the word out about your smoke alarm installation project. Electricians or members of an electricians’ union Their labor can be key (and they may be willing to donate it), especially if you are installing alarms that must be hardwired. 3
  • 5. Step Two: Identify Your Target Population Keys You’ve decided that you want to conduct a smoke alarm installation program. You’ve even begun to assemble your planning committee. But what kinds of to Success residents are you going to target? Spotlight: Know Your Community While organizers of smoke alarm programs, like the The people behind successful one in Holmes County, MS, set an ambitious smoke alarm installation goal of installing alarms in every home, programs share one many other communities have successfully very important trait: conducted installation campaigns that take No matter where a far more limited approach. Some choose they live, they homes within a single census tract, while are extremely others identify a particularly vulnerable knowledgeable population, then try to reach them block about the by block. communities in The scope of your installation program will which they reside be determined by the resources available and work. And if to you and the nature of the community there is something in which you live. Answering the following they don’t know, questions will help you to take the next steps they know how to toward planning and implementing a successful find the information. campaign. When the SAFE KIDS Coalition of Southeastern • How would you characterize the size and population Pennsylvania was preparing to demographics of your community? launch an ambitious installation • Are there neighborhoods in your area that have experienced many fire deaths or and education program in an have the most fire runs? (Note: the local fire department will know the answer to impoverished Philadelphia this question.) neighborhood, they knew that they couldn’t move forward without • What are the high-risk populations in your area? answering a basic question: Did • What kinds of resources are available to you to conduct an installation residents of the neighborhood trust campaign? the fire department? To answer that question, SAFE KIDS, which spearheaded the program along with the Philadelphia Children’s Hospital, held two sets of focus groups in the neighborhood. “We needed to know what the best vehicle was for getting into these homes,” says Gina Duchossois, chair of the coalition. “This was going to be a two-year project for us and we wanted to make sure that we had the right information.” 4
  • 6. Keys to Step Three: Identify High-Risk Residents Success in Your Community NFPA research consistently shows that certain populations are particularly Spotlight: Answering a vulnerable to fire-related deaths and injuries. By targeting these populations in Wake-Up Call your smoke alarm installation efforts, you’ll be striking a significant blow against Fire safety advocates in Plano, the risk of death and harm from fire. These at-risk groups include: TX, didn’t need to do research to • Young children determine which of their town’s residents were vulnerable to fire • Older adults death. In 2003, after 22 years • People with disabilities without a fire death, this town of 240,000 lost two elderly people • Low-income communities, communities with many recent in home fires. While the fire immigrants from non-English speaking countries department had been conducting • Residents of homes with security bars smoke alarm installations since 1996, the tragic deaths spurred But the home of a vulnerable individual, or even an entire at-risk neighborhood, a new effort to reach out to older never exists in isolation, notes safety advocate Sharron Beals, the executive adults, particularly those living director of Beechwood on the Bay, a nonprofit agency in Quincy, MA, that serves alone. young children and older adults. “A community is at risk if it has vulnerable homes and those tend to be the homes of seniors,” says Beals, who helps In the past, notes fire safety coordinate a smoke alarm installation program for adults 75 and older. “If your education coordinator Peggy Harrell, neighbor is elderly and can’t fire department representatives get up on a ladder to check and volunteers have targeted single the battery in his alarm, family residences. “But both of our then you’re at risk too. fire deaths were in apartments, so When you have vulnerable we’re really focusing on how we can residents, you have a reach out to apartment dwellers.” vulnerable community.” Now, in addition to installing smoke alarms in targeted neighborhoods three times a year, volunteers are also visiting apartment complexes, leaving behind door hangers and newsletters emblazoned with a simple message: Make sure that your apartment has a working smoke alarm. “I leave my phone number behind too,” says Harrell. “That way, they can call me with any questions.” 5
  • 7. Step Four: Solicit Financial Support Keys to and Donations Success You’ve got your plan, and you’ve assembled a group of experts to help you Spotlight: Business to the implement it. But you’re still missing an essential component: supplies, including Rescue smoke alarms, batteries, ladders, drills and other equipment. When fire inspector Cindy Kettering of the Bend, OR, fire department While some fire departments and safety organizations rely on grants from got a call from a local resident in national organizations including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, need of a special smoke alarm for Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and NFPA to fund their smoke the hearing impaired, she knew alarm installation programs, many communities conduct their campaigns using just what to do: She contacted equipment and labor that’s donated locally. Donations solicited from area Gentex, Inc., a manufacturer of fire businesses can significantly defray the cost of your installation program. protection equipment, including But how to begin? You should start by identifying businesses —either national smoke alarms that utilize visual corporations with an outlet in your area, or home-grown companies— or signals. “They donated $5,000 institutions that might have an interest in fire prevention. Even businesses that worth of alarms, enabling us to would seem to have little to do with safety often share an interest in supporting expand our smoke alarm program initiatives that work to make their community safer. These could include: to include services to Bend’s hearing impaired residents,” says • Stores that sell smoke alarms or batteries Kettering. It’s far from the first Including Wal-Mart, Lowe’s, The Home Depot, True Value and other hardware, time that she has approached home improvement and retail outlets. businesses—both local and national—about supporting Bend’s smoke alarm installation • Insurance companies with offices in your area program. In recent years, she has Ask them to consider making a donation to support the program. secured donations from companies including Lowe’s, The Home • Hospitals or other healthcare organizations Depot, Wal-Mart, Fred Meyer Supporting a smoke alarm installation program complements their community and Costco. What’s the trick to a health mission. successful solicitation? “Try to get a face-to-face meeting with store • Printing presses or copy shops management as a way to introduce Approach them about donating the printing of promotional materials. yourself. Just say ‘Hey, I’m in the community.’ That’s how you begin • Restaurants or grocery stores to cultivate that good relationship,” They may be interested in donating food to feed hungry volunteers. says Kettering. “And don’t forget to send a thank you letter.” 6
  • 8. Keys Sample Letter to Area Businesses to Success Send this letter to area businesses months before you plan to conduct your smoke alarm installation. Spotlight: Rural Installation Programs Dear (Nam Conducting a smoke alarm e of Store Manager) installation program in a rural : The comm area presents a unique set of itment of (NAME O of this, th F STORE) challenges. Paying repeat visits e (Town/C to public ity) Fire D safety is w like to inv epartmen ell known to residents who live in isolated ite you to t and (NA . Because support o ME OF O areas, for example, is much more are the m ur smoke RGANIZA ost effecti alarm ins TION) wo ve tool we tallation p uld time consuming than returning City) resid have to p roject. Sm ents don’t revent de oke alarm have work aths from s to a densely populated urban (NAME O ing alarm fire, but m F STORE), s in their any (Town neighborhood. “Once you get we’ll be a homes. W / ble to rea ith the su outside of the city limits, it’s just There are ch more lo pport of many wa cal reside ys that yo nts than e not realistic,” says Steve Davidson, program, ur (NAME ver. including ) store ca program administrator for the donating n support contributi smoke ala this life-s on, or by rms and b aving Office of Injury Prevention in the letting yo atteries, m hope that ur custom aking a fi Georgia Division of Public Health. you’ll con ers know nancial sider part about the a success nering wit installatio Instead, firefighters and fire safety . h us to m n campaig ake this e n. I advocates in Davidson’s neck of ssential s In return, afety prog we will re ram the woods leave door hangers at cognize th how you e support houses where no one is home, plan to pro of (STORE mote the NAME) b and rely on a tight network of business’s y (Clearly I will follo involveme explain w up with nt in your neighbors and friends to spread you next campaign ways that week, and .) the word about the installation we can w look forw ork togeth ard to spe be reache er to incre aking with effort. “The good part about d at (pho ase fire sa you abou ne numbe fety in (To t living in a rural area is that considera r) if you h wn/City). tion. ave any q I can uestions. people tend to know each Thank yo Sincerely, u for your other and you get very few refusals,” says Davidson. He notes that rural Georgia (Your Nam is often referred to as the e) “Burn Belt” due to its (Title) high percentage of old (Town/Cit y) Fire De partment and highly combustible Or Organiz ation dwellings. Thanks to the efforts of Davidson and other safety advocates, however, rural Georgians are increasingly likely to escape from home fires safely. Davidson’s office currently oversees 25 smoke alarm installation programs across the state. “In the past three years, we’ve had 70 saves.” 7
  • 9. Step Five: Get the Word Out About Your Program Keys to You know the story about the tree that fell in the forest, but there being no one there to hear it? The same rule applies to public safety initiatives. An effective Success smoke alarm installation program depends on a successful publicity strategy. Spotlight: Life-Saving Publicity Getting the word out about your campaign will inform local residents that you’re going to be in their neighborhood, and get people talking about smoke alarms and When Battalion Chief John Flahie fire safety. of the Moab Valley Fire Protection District in Moab, UT, wanted to Contacting the local media is one way to generate publicity for your installation get fliers about a smoke alarm program (We’ve included a sample press release that you can customize and send installation program into the hands out to newspapers, television and radio stations in your area). of residents, he started with local But there are other ways to spread the word as well. Here’s a look: social service agencies. “They were best able to identify their clients,” Let them know you’re coming says Flahie. “I supplied the fliers If you plan to be in a particular neighborhood on a scheduled day, let residents and they handed them out. Then know in advance. Leave door hangers or post handbills on telephone poles in the it was up to the client to contact targeted area. us.” The result: The Moab Fire Department had more requests than Work through the schools alarms. Flahie also runs ads on the radio and television and in print One way to contact parents in a targeted area is to get materials into the hands about his smoke alarm installation of their children through teachers who are fire safety advocates. Look for teachers program, but has found that working who are part of NFPA’s Risk Watch® and the Learn Not to Burn® programs, or with aid agencies has been key in who regularly participate in Fire Prevention Week activities. reaching Moab’s large population of seasonal workers. “This is a boom Reach people where they are and bust economy. We have a lot of If you plan to target a particular population—say, older adults—identify places people who are just scraping by and that cater to them and ask about handing out your materials there. NFPA’s if we can let them know that we’re Remembering When: A Fire and Fall Prevention Program for Older Adults™ offering free smoke alarms, they’re includes a smoke alarm installation component. going to take advantage of it.” Leave a calling card If you miss residents in a targeted area, don’t give up. Leave a door hanger to let them know that you’ve stopped by. Give residents the option of calling a contact in the fire department to have an alarm installed at a later date. 8
  • 10. Training Tips Sample Door Hanger Door hangers are a great way to let residents know that Know where to install smoke you’re planning to be in the area to install smoke alarms. alarms And if you miss a resident, especially in rural areas where A successful installation program the distance between homes can make involves making sure that alarms are multiple visits unrealistic, door hangers installed correctly—and in the right are a convenient reminder that a smoke We Missed locations. alarm installation program is under ry Sor way. You also have the option of Y ou ! • Install smoke alarms on every allowing residents to contact you at level of the home, including the their convenience to schedule an basement, making sure that there installation appointment. is an alarm outside every separate We wer What does a door hanger look e in yo sleeping area. today f ur neig or a “S hb like? Here’s an example, provided Drive” moke A orhood and ha larm • In addition to installing alarms on or chec ve inst by Capt. Michael McLemore of ke alled a every level and outside the sleeping of man d alarms in t nd/ the Sugar Land Fire Department yo he hom Sugar L f your neigh es areas, it’s a good idea to install an bo in Sugar Land, TX. has pro d Fire Depar rs. vi tment smoke alarms in all bedrooms. for the ded this FRE past 10 E servi years! ce • For manufactured (mobile) homes, The fir efighte L and w rs o install a smoke alarm outside of ould lik f Sugar family e to he each sleeping area and inside of sta lp y increas y safe. One w our e safety ay each bedroom. that ho is by en to mes ha suring numbe ve an a • If someone in the home is deaf or r of sm dequat proper oke ala e locatio rms in hard of hearing, consider installing alarms n and t the are fun ha an alarm that combines flashing ctionin t those Smoke g. lights, vibration and/or sound. alarm i home i nstalla ns tions a of the n pections are nd on-eme ju • Mount smoke alarms high on offered rgency st two by the s walls or ceilings (remember, smoke Depart Sugar L ervices ment. and Fir rises). Ceiling mounted alarms e Appoin should be installed at least four tments by calli can be ng the schedu Public le inches away from the nearest wall; Progra m Offic Educat d 0000. T e at 00 ion wall-mounted alarms should be here is 0-000- these s no cha installed four to 12 inches away ervices rge for . from the ceiling. Fire S afe Su A Com gar La munit nd • If you have ceilings that are y Fire Safety pitched, install the alarm near the Progra m ceiling’s highest point. • Don’t install smoke alarms near windows, doors, or ducts where drafts might interfere with their operation. • Smoke alarms should not be installed in kitchens, bathrooms or garages. 9
  • 11. Sample Press Release Keys to Send this release out at least two weeks before you plan to conduct your smoke alarm installation. Success Spotlight: Choose Volunteers Carefully r) onth/Date/Yea For release on: (M ame) Fire safety advocate tact: (Your N rmation, con Sharron Beals hopes that For more info ) one number however you recruit your (Your teleph volunteers, you’ll do so ity) rms (Your Town/C ons to In stall Smoke Ala with an eye toward the y/) and Comm unity Organizati ghters from (Your safety of the people (Your Town/Cit fire preventio n effort, firefi sidents on munity-wide ations) will vi sit local re you’re ultimately art of a com g (Your Tow n/City)– As p icip ating Organiz ies and installin serving. “We’re trying bers of (Part placing batter ent) and mem spections, re Fire Departm oke alarm in to ensure senior form free sm (Month, Date) to per safety,” says Beals, . , including s as needed lo cal residents smoke alarm reach out to eaths. executive director of f an effort to able to fire d ign is part o ho are vulner ity) campa borhoods, w ave them will Beechwood on the The (Town/C ents of neigh who don’t h ng peo ple and resid it y) residents Bay in Quincy, MA. seniors, you es of (Town/C oke alarm s in the hom “You don’t want Installing sm . g a home fire l nonprofit r od ds of survivin internationa to end up making increase thei (NFPA), the Association n 80 years, Fir e Protection eek for more tha their vulnerability the National revention W es with no According to l spon sor of Fire P fires in hom te and officia y result from effective earl y aware to the wrong safety advoca in the countr m e fire deaths s are the most people.” She ercent of ho “Smoke alarm Center for roughly 70 p oke alarms. tor of NFPA’s s or no work ing sm ecutive direc dying urges planning smoke alarm Gamache, ex ur chance of says Sharon h ome cuts yo ice there is,” larm in your committee warning dev g a smoke a utreach . “Just havin members to High-Risk O ,” says (Your rly in half.” smoke alarm know who their in a fire nea tection of a re death, residents have the pro won’t pre vent ever y fi volunteers are to make sure alarms alone they know “Our goal is “B ecause smoke es cape plan so and to make rganization). a home fire N ame, Title, O ting resi dents to have sure that they’re cludes educa our project in larm sounds.” nit y volunteers adequately the smoke a and commu what to do if rogram, loca l firefighters Residents borhoods). supervised installation p wns or neigh smoke alarm ting residen ts in (List to nding for the During the the area, visi ber). Local fu during the me) at (Num will fa n out through sh ould call (Na installation a home visit . to schedule local funders) who wish ded by (List says Judy Co moletti, portion of am was provi of minutes,” inst allation progr e in a matter nce warning the project. rough a hom why the adva and spread th tion. “That’s in th is Beals’s group “Fire can gro w public educa articipating tant vice president for g lives. By p a t local NFPA’s assis al to savin to ensure th uses off-duty n be essenti t) is helping sm oke alarms ca ir e Departmen firefighters provided by tion, (Your F oke alarm installa community sm homes.” and the safer in their residents are local Rotary group as its resource (Beals is a member). “It could be another group, but the key is that you have a group with knowledge of the members it’s supplying and a level of accountability.” 10
  • 12. Keys to Step 6: Recruit Volunteers Success Your ability to recruit and provide training to volunteers will play a big part in determining just how successful your smoke alarm installation project is. The more volunteers you have, the more houses your team members will Spotlight: Partnerships be able to visit. And while numbers are important, quality is key as well. When it comes to getting smoke You’ll be visiting the homes of some of the more vulnerable members of your alarms into the homes of vulnerable community. You’ll want to make absolutely sure that the volunteers you recruit are both trustworthy and accountable. older adults, the state of Virginia is tops. Since 2000, state agencies First of all, you’ll need to develop a strategy for recruiting volunteers. Here are and fire prevention groups have some tips: installed more than 3,800 smoke alarms, and provided NFPA’s Fire department first Target the community Remembering When: A Fire and As we’ve stressed throughout this Very likely, there are groups in your Fall Prevention Program for Older guide, fire department participation is community that share your mission of AdultsTM to more than 6,500 older essential to an effective smoke alarm fire safety and prevention, but aren’t adults. What’s Virginia’s secret? A installation project. Depending on the involved in the actual planning of the unique partnership with so-called department’s level of commitment, event. Supplying volunteers to help with AAAs, or Area Agencies on Aging. the fire chief may be willing to the installation of smoke alarms is a assign on-duty firefighters to the task relatively easy way for these groups to A statewide program called Get (Of course, be prepared for them support your efforts. Alarmed Virginia, now funded by to leave quickly in the event of an the Virginia Department of Health, emergency). Off-duty firefighters can is conducted through nine different Branch out—with care also be called on to help. AAAs. “They are providing services With the proper training, all sorts of people can serve as volunteers on your at the local level, so they’re able to Start with your planning installation team. Installation campaigns reach a huge number of seniors in committee across the country have circulated the state,” explains Carol Cooper Groups involved in planning your their appeals for volunteers via radio, Driskill, a program director with the smoke alarm installation project are television, even light posts. Virginia Department of Aging. “In a good source of volunteers, from turn, the agencies are partnering the staff members of health and with their local fire departments. It’s safety organizations to members been wonderful.” of local chapters of service organizations such as The Lions Clubs International and Rotary To order a Remembering International. When program or supporting brochures go to www.nfpacatalog.org. 11
  • 13. Step 7: Provide Your Volunteers with the Necessary Smoke Alarms with Special Features Training, Tools and Materials Many smoke alarm models now You’ve assembled enough volunteers to fan out across the area you’ve chosen to come equipped with enhanced check smoke alarms, install new ones and replace batteries as needed. So how do features so that they can be more you make sure that your volunteer force is up to the task? Simple: train them. You’ll easily tested, even by people with want to ensure that your helpers understand how to install smoke alarms correctly vision and hearing problems. and can speak about the purpose of the program and about fire safety in general. Escape Light: When the smoke alarm sounds, an escape light is Installation 101 your volunteers, their ‘people skills’ are key as well. Do role-playing also activated, helping you to exit Thanks to enhanced features, testing activities to make sure that they can the area. your smoke alarm to ensure that it works can be as easy as using a explain the program in a friendly and Alarms with Strobe Lights: Some TV remote control. And thanks to knowledgeable way. alarms come equipped with strobe advanced warning systems, alarms lights to alert people who are deaf or are more easily seen or heard, even Have materials ready hard of hearing. Chances are, you’ll want to have by people with vision and hearing problems. Most successful campaigns some materials to distribute to the Lithium Batteries and 10-Year recommend conducting a thorough residents of the homes you’re visiting. Power Cells: Alarms that use Many of these are available online these power sources can operate for training session before the big day. at www.nfpa.org. Under ‘Research up to 10 years without requiring a The top lesson on the agenda: how to & Reports’ navigation bar, click on change of battery. install a smoke alarm. To make sure ‘Fact Sheets’ and then ‘Fire Prevention your training covers the basics, follow Equipment’. Make sure you have Combination Alarms: A smoke the suggested Installation Training alarm and carbon monoxide alarm brochures, fact sheets and home fire Agenda on page 17. are in one unit. Make sure to note escape plans ready before the big day. the difference between the sound of Firefighters lead the way Ask firefighters to help you conduct Tools for success each alarm. Whether you end up with donated Remote-Controlled Testing the training. Have them break down alarms and batteries, or purchase Buttons: No need to climb up the installation process into simple them yourself, you’ll need to divide on a ladder—smoke alarms with steps that can be easily replicated. them among your volunteers when this feature allow you to use most Training volunteers to lead installation day finally arrives. In standard TV/VCR remote controls to If you are relying on on-duty addition, you may also want to test your smoke alarm. firefighters to lead the installation consider supplying your volunteers teams, be sure you’re prepared in with the following: Hush Buttons: This feature allows you to temporarily silence the smoke the event of an emergency (one that • Cordless drills and screwdrivers alarm in the event of a “nuisance” requires them to leave the installation • Safety goggles alarm (cooking smoke that is not project to do what they do best: fight • Safety step stools fire-related, for example). Depressing fires). You’ll want to make sure that • Liability release forms the hush button automatically your volunteers can step up to (see page 13) switches the alarm to a reduced the challenge if there are no sensitivity condition for a limited firefighters present. • Installation survey period of time. If a real fire occurs, forms (see page 14) Role-play the day and the quantity of smoke reaching While you’ll want to the smoke alarm is sufficient, the check on the knowledge alarm will sound. and installation skills of 12
  • 14. Installation Sample Waiver Form Waiver Sample waiver form for smoke alarm installation program* Before your team members actually install a smoke alarm in a particular household, they’ll need to get the resident’s signature on the following waiver. By signing the waiver, the resident agrees not to sue the fire department, the city or town, or other organizations involved in the smoke alarm installation program in the event that the smoke alarm fails to work properly. 13
  • 15. Survey Form for Smoke Alarm List of service Installation Program organizations Your volunteers will need some means of keeping track of the work they’ve Service organizations are a great done. This installation survey from NFPA will allow them to record important source of volunteers. Here’s a list of some of the better known clubs, and information about the residence they’ve visited, as well as the number of alarms their national offices. Contact them they’ve installed or batteries they’ve replaced. to identify a branch near you. www.nfpa.org/assets/files/PDF/installationsurvey.pdf The Association of Junior Leagues International Inc. 90 William Street, Suite 200 New York, NY 10038 FIRE Ac Smoke A larm Insta t Grant 212.951.8300 1. Date: llation Su rvey Form www.ajli.org 11. Was the each slee re a smoke alarm 100 Black Men of America ping area outside 141 Auburn Avenue 2. Installe �Yes � ? r’s Name No : Atlanta, GA 30303 12. How many sm (404) 688-5100 test? oke alarm www.100blackmen.org s did you 3. Occup �zero � ant’s Nam one �tw e: o �three or more Benevolent & Protective 13. How How ma 4. Street �zero � many ala rms did n ny ___ Order of the Elks of the USA Address: one �tw ot w o �three ork? 2750 N. Lakeview Avenue or more 14. If smo ke alarms How many ___ Chicago, IL 60614-1889 please in did not w (773) 755-4700 dic ork the follow ate how many ala , www.elks.org ing proble rms had �battery m was disco (s): �battery nn was dead ected________ Fraternal Order of Eagles �battery ________ wa __ 5. Town: �other (s s missing______ _____ 1623 Gateway Circle S. pecify)__ _ ________ ______ Grove City, OH 43123 _______ 15. How (614) 883-2200 many sm more tha oke alarm n1 s were www.foe.com 6. Type o �zero � 0 years old? f Residen one �tw �one fam ce: o �three ily �2-fa or m Kiwanis International �apartm m ent �ma ily (duplex)� 16. How m How man ore any batte y ___ nufacture d home replace? ries did y ou 3636 Woodview Trace (mobile h ome) �zero � one �tw Indianapolis, IN 46268-3196 7. Numbe o �three (317) 875-8755 r of levels or m �one � two �thre in the hom e How man ore www.kiwanis.org e or more : y ___ 17. How m How man any new y ___ you insta smoke ala ll? rms did Knights of Columbus Headquarters 8.How ma �zero � ny smoke one �tw in the hom e alarms w ere o �three or more 1 Columbus Plaza alarms? (I before you installe 18. What f zero, ple d new safety info How many ___ New Haven, CT 06510 Question ase skip leave with rmation d (203) 752-4000 16 to th id �zero � .) Please sp e home’s occupa you one �tw o �three ________ ecify:___ ________ t? n www.kofc.org or more __ ___ 9. Was th ________ ______________ _____ ere at lea How many ___ ________ __ Lions Clubs International on every st one sm oke alarm ________ _____ lev _______ �Yes � el of the home? 19. Did y Headquarters No ou help o ways out ccupant fi 300 W 22nd St. of nd two 10. If “no ”, which le �Yes � every room? Oak Brook IL 60523-8842 No smoke ala vel(s) did rm not have (630) 571-5466 �baseme ? a 20. Did you help nt �first occ www.lionsclubs.org �other (s floor �se pecify)__ cond floo outside meeting p upant select an ________ r �Yes lace? ________ �No Rotary International One Rotary Center 1560 Sherman Ave. 10/19/04 Evanston, IL 60201 (847) 866-3000 www.rotary.org 14
  • 16. Training Tips Step 8: Be Prepared for Challenges— Tools for Volunteers and Know How to Overcome Them Smoke Alarms: Be sure to use Sometimes, even the best-laid plans fail to come off, and a smoke alarm smoke alarms that bear the label installation program is no exception. From recruiting volunteers to reaching out to of an independent testing agency. the residents you want to serve, you may encounter difficulties along the way. To When distributing alarms to the installers, be sure to keep track help you overcome these bumps in the road, we’ve asked some campaign experts of the number of alarms given to to tell us about the hurdles that they encountered, and how they overcame them. each volunteer. The installer must complete surveys to account for every alarm. Additional alarms Problem: Too Few Volunteers should not be given to the installer When Cackie Joyner, training coordinator for the Occupational and Environmental until all alarms are accounted for. Safety Office at Duke University, set out to help plan Durham, NC’s first ever Survey & Waiver Forms: Provide smoke alarm installation, she had an ambitious plan to recruit more than 100 forms for volunteers to complete when volunteers. But while her efforts garnered tons of local publicity, she had trouble they visit a home. Provide installers getting people to make a commitment. And on the big day: disaster. Many with pens and a clipboard to make it volunteers who’d signed up to participate didn’t show at all. “The volunteers were easier to complete the forms. supposed to come to a big festival we were putting on that day and have lunch. Identification: All volunteers should We were kind of surprised at how many didn’t show up.” In the end, Joyner be able to identify themselves. and her team went to Plan B: They brought fire trucks into designated areas Consider using badges, T-shirts, and had volunteers and firefighters canvas the neighborhoods. “It worked,” says jackets, or hats to identify your Joyner. “But it would have been more fun for me if there had been hundreds of volunteers. Inform residents thousands of volunteers!” requesting an installation/inspection that they should ask to see the credentials of the installer. Problem: Trouble Reaching Designated Recipients Drill: If possible, have cordless drills The Camden-Gloucester County SAFE KIDS Coalition in southern New Jersey had and screwdrivers available on a loan a plan. With the help of a grant, the group identified 145 children in Camden basis for volunteers. Teach installers who were both low-income, and suffered from moderate to profound hearing how to operate the drill. Be sure loss, then offered to provide each family with specially designed smoke alarms to recharge the drills according to manufacturer’s instructions. for the hearing impaired and install them free of charge. But to the frustration of coordinator Valerie Chapman, the group had trouble reaching the people they’d Drill Bits: Extra drill bits should be hoped to help. “The population wasn’t responsive. Even when we went through provided with the drill. the schools, we didn’t get a response, or the families wouldn’t agree.” The Safety Ladder: If possible, loan a solution: Organizers ultimately relaxed their criteria in order to boost the number safety ladder for the installer to use. of participants in the program. “We ended up opening it up to anyone who met the hearing impairment part,” says Chapman. Dry Wall Screws: Screws designed to be used with dry wall may be easier to use than the screws and drywall Problem: Residents Live in Apartments anchors provided with the alarms. Peggy Harrell and her team of fire safety advocates in Plano, TX, wanted to install Batteries: If an installer discovers smoke alarms in the homes of older adults but they had a problem: Many older an alarm with missing or dead adults in Plano live in apartment complexes, and installing smoke alarms is the batteries, fresh batteries can be province of the landlord or building supervisor. “We can’t go door-to-door in the installed and the alarm tested. apartments,” says Harrell. “Instead we’re working with building maintenance and Goggles: Installers can protect their supervisors, making sure that they understand the importance of having working eyes from injury by wearing goggles. smoke alarms.” Harrell has even applied for a grant to do a print media campaign specifically for residents of apartments. 15
  • 17. Step 9: Evaluate Your Program Spotlight: Once the big day has come and gone, you’ll want to evaluate your program’s Keep Your Installation success. Having completed survey forms from volunteers will facilitate this process. As you answer the following questions (and no doubt come up with Program Going a few more of your own), try to focus on ways that you might strengthen the installation project the next time around. The town of Deerfield, IL, has been conducting smoke alarm installation campaigns for more than 20 years. How many alarms did you install? In 1983, the community, located 18 miles north of Chicago, made Were you able to gain access to the community headlines with its ambitious effort or communities you were targeting? to install alarms in every one of Deerfield’s 7,000 homes. Every year Did you meet the installation goals you set? since then, firefighters have paid If not, what were the problems? return visits to those homes, making sure that the alarms and their Was your effort to recruit volunteers successful? batteries are still working. The key to their efforts: a huge commitment Did you receive coverage in the local media? from the local fire department, says Keith Patterson, director of What kinds of financial support did your campaign receive? education and media affairs for the Deerfield-Bannockburn Fire How might you conduct the project differently next time? Protection District. “Everyone in the department got involved and the chief came up with incentives to get people to participate.” The incentives included allowing firefighters to wear comfortable athletic shoes, and special shorts and T-shirts that identified who they were. Since the success of that initial effort, civic and community groups have joined the cause, raising money to support the initiative. “It’s important to think outside the box and be persistent,” says Patterson. Reminder: Smoke alarms are only good for 10 years. After 10 years, the entire unit needs to be replaced. Here are other ideas to keep your installers motivated: • Recognition certificates • Gift certificates • A recognition breakfast, lunch or dinner • Having installers featured on your web site Sparky® and Sparky the Fire Dog® 16 are registered trademarks of the NFPA.