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LA-UR 11-04994




                       Leveraging Software Disclosures
                         into Licensable Technologies


                                                                 Aaron G. Sauers
                                             Technology Transfer Division
                                         Los Alamos National Laboratory




                                                                            UNCLASSIFIED     Slide 1

    Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA



Wednesday, September 28, 2011
LA-UR 11-04994


    Agenda
             What is a copyright?
             Copyright Disclosure information capture
             Decision criteria
             Diligence: License compatibility
             Should we license?
             Passive marketing
             Active marketing
             Exclusive / Multiple non-exclusive
             Exclusive licensing
             Preparing principal investigators



                                                                            UNCLASSIFIED     Slide 2

    Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA



Wednesday, September 28, 2011
LA-UR 11-04994


    What is a Copyright?


              Copyright protection subsists….in original works of authorship
              fixed in any tangible medium of expression …..otherwise
              communicated, either directly or with the aid of a machine or
              device. (17 U.S.C. §102)
              • Applicable for:
                 — Software

                 — Schematics/drawings
                 — Firmware

                 — Publications (technical/journal articles, etc.)




                                                                            UNCLASSIFIED     Slide 3

    Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA



Wednesday, September 28, 2011
LA-UR 11-04994


    Copyright Disclosure Information Capture
             Abstract (functionality)
              •      Why was this developed? Is this not available commercially? What does it do?
              •      Technology Maturity (is there a Graphic User Interface?)
             Authorship
              •      Internal Authors? Collaboration across internal divisions?
              •      External Authors?
                     —   Commercial, Open Source, Collaboration across National Laboratories?
              •      Intended Distribution? (Policy versus Practical Considerations)
                     —   Controlled?
                     —   Open?
                             •     Open Source? (GPL, LGPL, BSD, etc.)
                             •     Publicly Available?
              •      Assert Copyright as a Gov. Owned Contractor Operated (GOCO) lab?
                     —  Open Source Software?
                     —  Commercial?


                                                                            UNCLASSIFIED            Slide 4

    Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA



Wednesday, September 28, 2011
LA-UR 11-04994


    Decision Criteria
             Are there pre-existing License Requirements?
              • Open Source Software? (GPL, LGPL, BSD, etc.?)
              • 3rd Party Contributions?
                — Royalty Sharing Agreement in place?

              • Are there reach-through license requirements stemming from the
                compiler?
              • Multi-Lab Collaboration Incorporating GOGOs?
                — Is there an IP Management Agreement?

                — Partnership intermediary?

              • Are There Related Patents?




                                                                            UNCLASSIFIED     Slide 5

    Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA



Wednesday, September 28, 2011
LA-UR 11-04994


    Diligence: License Compatibility




     http://www.dwheeler.com/essays/floss-license-slide.html


                                                                            UNCLASSIFIED     Slide 6

    Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA



Wednesday, September 28, 2011
LA-UR 11-04994


    License Compatibility (continued)
             Take note of the compiler(s) your PIs are using
              •      Compilers turn human-readable (source) code into executable (target) code
              •      Most compilers combine portions of certain header files and runtime libraries with
                     the compiled program. As a result, the compiled code is technically a derivative
                     work of the compiler
              •      Take care to read the license language associated with any compilers that were
                     used
             There are several popular GPL open source compilers
              •      Target code produced using an open source compiler could inherit a viral license
              •      Some of these open source compilers, such as G95, contain exceptions that allow
                     you to propagate derivative works in cases that would otherwise violate the terms
                     of the GPL license: e.g. GCC Runtime Library Exception, GNU Classpath, etc.
             Some commercial compilers contain reach-through requirements
              •      Absoft requires execution of an “Absoft Runtime Redistribution License” prior to
                     distribution of compressed works


                                                                            UNCLASSIFIED            Slide 7

    Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA



Wednesday, September 28, 2011
LA-UR 11-04994


    Should we License?
             Market Value
              • Smaller cost of protection of copyright versus patent; thus, multiple
                non-exclusive agreements often make good business sense
              • The smaller capital outlay required for software makes arms-
                length, transactional management of codes a viable
                commercialization option, whereas patents are almost always
                strategic
             Laboratory Brand Recognition
             Can we Build a Laboratory Capability?
             Can we Bring an Author or Division into the TT Network?
              • Author self-selection helps



                                                                            UNCLASSIFIED     Slide 8

    Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA



Wednesday, September 28, 2011
LA-UR 11-04994


    Passive Marketing
     Hosted on LANL webpage
     Minimal effort— Title, Abstract,
     Tracking Number
     Meets Fairness Of Opportunity
     (FOO) Requirements
     Gives authors a place to direct
     colleagues to demonstrate their
     code developments
     TT receives 20-30 inquiries
     annually as a result of this
     passive marketing




                                                                            UNCLASSIFIED     Slide 9

    Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA



Wednesday, September 28, 2011
LA-UR 11-04994


    Active Marketing
     Moderate   effort— a
     more targeted
     approach to marketing
     May be technology-
     specific or a broad
     capability description
     for Sponsored
     Research (CRADA or
     WFO opportunity)
     Serves as a nice pre-
     phone call marketing
     element



                                                                            UNCLASSIFIED     Slide 10

    Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA



Wednesday, September 28, 2011
LA-UR 11-04994


    Exclusive / Multiple Non-exclusive
     For reduced-functionality
     executable codes
     Best suited for mature, user-
     friendly software
     Facilitates collection of basic
     market information
     Builds a user community to
     promote software adoption
     Easily builds brand
     recognition with hassle-free
     download                                                                                For Executables Only




                                                                            UNCLASSIFIED                            Slide 11

    Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA



Wednesday, September 28, 2011
LA-UR 11-04994


    Commercialization Workshop
     Strategic               licensing
     Appropriate  for
     exclusive licensing in
     defined fields of use
     Best suited for portfolios
     of technologies including
     software




                                                                            UNCLASSIFIED     Slide 12

    Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA



Wednesday, September 28, 2011
LA-UR 11-04994


    Prepare your Principal Investigators
             The PI is the strongest advocate for the technology. By preparing
              software authors prior to presentations and publications, you leverage
              word-of-mouth marketing within the author’s peer groups
             This can help you find technical champions within potential licensees’
              organizations (in some cases they will even reach out to TT)




                                                                            UNCLASSIFIED     Slide 13

    Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA



Wednesday, September 28, 2011
Questions?

            Aaron G. Sauers
            Technology Transfer
            Los Alamos National Laboratory
            505-665-0132
            asauers@lanl.gov




                                                                            UNCLASSIFIED     Slide 14

    Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA



Wednesday, September 28, 2011

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Leveraging software disclosures into licensable technologies

  • 1. LA-UR 11-04994 Leveraging Software Disclosures into Licensable Technologies Aaron G. Sauers Technology Transfer Division Los Alamos National Laboratory UNCLASSIFIED Slide 1 Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA Wednesday, September 28, 2011
  • 2. LA-UR 11-04994 Agenda  What is a copyright?  Copyright Disclosure information capture  Decision criteria  Diligence: License compatibility  Should we license?  Passive marketing  Active marketing  Exclusive / Multiple non-exclusive  Exclusive licensing  Preparing principal investigators UNCLASSIFIED Slide 2 Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA Wednesday, September 28, 2011
  • 3. LA-UR 11-04994 What is a Copyright? Copyright protection subsists….in original works of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression …..otherwise communicated, either directly or with the aid of a machine or device. (17 U.S.C. §102) • Applicable for: — Software — Schematics/drawings — Firmware — Publications (technical/journal articles, etc.) UNCLASSIFIED Slide 3 Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA Wednesday, September 28, 2011
  • 4. LA-UR 11-04994 Copyright Disclosure Information Capture  Abstract (functionality) • Why was this developed? Is this not available commercially? What does it do? • Technology Maturity (is there a Graphic User Interface?)  Authorship • Internal Authors? Collaboration across internal divisions? • External Authors? — Commercial, Open Source, Collaboration across National Laboratories? • Intended Distribution? (Policy versus Practical Considerations) — Controlled? — Open? • Open Source? (GPL, LGPL, BSD, etc.) • Publicly Available? • Assert Copyright as a Gov. Owned Contractor Operated (GOCO) lab? — Open Source Software? — Commercial? UNCLASSIFIED Slide 4 Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA Wednesday, September 28, 2011
  • 5. LA-UR 11-04994 Decision Criteria  Are there pre-existing License Requirements? • Open Source Software? (GPL, LGPL, BSD, etc.?) • 3rd Party Contributions? — Royalty Sharing Agreement in place? • Are there reach-through license requirements stemming from the compiler? • Multi-Lab Collaboration Incorporating GOGOs? — Is there an IP Management Agreement? — Partnership intermediary? • Are There Related Patents? UNCLASSIFIED Slide 5 Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA Wednesday, September 28, 2011
  • 6. LA-UR 11-04994 Diligence: License Compatibility http://www.dwheeler.com/essays/floss-license-slide.html UNCLASSIFIED Slide 6 Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA Wednesday, September 28, 2011
  • 7. LA-UR 11-04994 License Compatibility (continued)  Take note of the compiler(s) your PIs are using • Compilers turn human-readable (source) code into executable (target) code • Most compilers combine portions of certain header files and runtime libraries with the compiled program. As a result, the compiled code is technically a derivative work of the compiler • Take care to read the license language associated with any compilers that were used  There are several popular GPL open source compilers • Target code produced using an open source compiler could inherit a viral license • Some of these open source compilers, such as G95, contain exceptions that allow you to propagate derivative works in cases that would otherwise violate the terms of the GPL license: e.g. GCC Runtime Library Exception, GNU Classpath, etc.  Some commercial compilers contain reach-through requirements • Absoft requires execution of an “Absoft Runtime Redistribution License” prior to distribution of compressed works UNCLASSIFIED Slide 7 Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA Wednesday, September 28, 2011
  • 8. LA-UR 11-04994 Should we License?  Market Value • Smaller cost of protection of copyright versus patent; thus, multiple non-exclusive agreements often make good business sense • The smaller capital outlay required for software makes arms- length, transactional management of codes a viable commercialization option, whereas patents are almost always strategic  Laboratory Brand Recognition  Can we Build a Laboratory Capability?  Can we Bring an Author or Division into the TT Network? • Author self-selection helps UNCLASSIFIED Slide 8 Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA Wednesday, September 28, 2011
  • 9. LA-UR 11-04994 Passive Marketing Hosted on LANL webpage Minimal effort— Title, Abstract, Tracking Number Meets Fairness Of Opportunity (FOO) Requirements Gives authors a place to direct colleagues to demonstrate their code developments TT receives 20-30 inquiries annually as a result of this passive marketing UNCLASSIFIED Slide 9 Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA Wednesday, September 28, 2011
  • 10. LA-UR 11-04994 Active Marketing Moderate effort— a more targeted approach to marketing May be technology- specific or a broad capability description for Sponsored Research (CRADA or WFO opportunity) Serves as a nice pre- phone call marketing element UNCLASSIFIED Slide 10 Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA Wednesday, September 28, 2011
  • 11. LA-UR 11-04994 Exclusive / Multiple Non-exclusive For reduced-functionality executable codes Best suited for mature, user- friendly software Facilitates collection of basic market information Builds a user community to promote software adoption Easily builds brand recognition with hassle-free download For Executables Only UNCLASSIFIED Slide 11 Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA Wednesday, September 28, 2011
  • 12. LA-UR 11-04994 Commercialization Workshop Strategic licensing Appropriate for exclusive licensing in defined fields of use Best suited for portfolios of technologies including software UNCLASSIFIED Slide 12 Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA Wednesday, September 28, 2011
  • 13. LA-UR 11-04994 Prepare your Principal Investigators  The PI is the strongest advocate for the technology. By preparing software authors prior to presentations and publications, you leverage word-of-mouth marketing within the author’s peer groups  This can help you find technical champions within potential licensees’ organizations (in some cases they will even reach out to TT) UNCLASSIFIED Slide 13 Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA Wednesday, September 28, 2011
  • 14. Questions? Aaron G. Sauers Technology Transfer Los Alamos National Laboratory 505-665-0132 asauers@lanl.gov UNCLASSIFIED Slide 14 Operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC for the U.S. Department of Energy’s NNSA Wednesday, September 28, 2011

Notas do Editor

  1. Approximately 25 minutes per presentation, then Q&A.
  2. Less mature codes may need additional development by means of WFO or CRADA