definitions for elements and principles of design

1. ELEMENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
ELEMENTS
SPACE- Areas “leftover” in an artwork.
SHAPE- A flat, two-dimensional area with height and width, which might have an edge, or outline, around it.
FORM- A three-dimensional object, such as a cube or a ball.
LINE- A mark on a surface created by a pen, pencil, or brush.
TEXTURE- The way something feels or looks like it feels.
VALUE- The lightness or darkness of a color. Tints have a light value. Shades have a dark value.
COLOR- The visual quality of objects caused by the amount of light reflected by them. Also know as hue.
PRINCIPLES
BALANCE- The way an artwork is arranged to make different parts seem equally important.
EMPHASIS- Importance given to certain objects or areas in an artwork. Color, texture, shape, space, and size
can be used to create dominance, contrast, or a focal point.
RHYTHM- The repetition of elements, such as lines, shapes, or colors, that create a feeling of visual motion in
an artwork.
VARIETY- The combination of elements of art, such as line, shape, or color, to provide interest in an artwork.
PATTERN- Repeated colors, lines, shapes, forms, or textures in an artwork.
PROPORTION- The relation of the parts, or sizes, of an artwork to each other and to the whole.
UNITY- The quality of seeming whole and complete, with all parts looking right together.
THREE STYLES OF ART
REALISM- A style of art that represents people, places, objects, or events as they are perceived by the senses.
ABSTRACT- A style of art that is not realistic. Abstract art usually contains geometric shapes, bold colors, and
lines.
NON-OBJECTIVE- A type of art that usually shows color, form, and texture, but has no recognizable subject,
such as a person or an animal.