1. Latin American Revolution

3. Spanish and Portuguese Colonial
System
• Denied political power to the Natives and put
economic restrictions on them that made it
difficult to trade with other countries other
than Spain or to make their own goods

4. Toussaint L’Ouverture
• Led a movement of African slaves in
Haiti and gained independence

5. Causes
• They were inspired by the ideas of the French
and American Revolutions.
• They believed that government should protect
its citizens rights
• They got a taste of independence when
Napoleon took over Spain but was taken away
when Napoleon was defeated

6. South America
• Simon Bolivar: Known as the “Liberator”
• Most important leader in the struggle for
independence in South America. He helped
Venezuela, Ecuador, and Colombia gain
independence. He then moved to Peru and
helped Jose San Martin liberate Peru. He
declared himself dictator.

7. Effects
• Create new independent countries in Central
and South America

8. Monroe Doctrine
• Issued by the U.S. to protect the newly
independent countries by telling European
countries to stay away—keep out of North and
South America