1. Civil Rights
Throughout the US history, many
groups have been denied the rights
of citizenship. Through varies means,
civil rights have been extended
throughout time and in different
ways to different people. One could
say the struggle to obtain and
maintain rights is an ongoing
struggle, and continues today.
2.
3. African Americans
• Civil War Amendments
• 13th Abolished Slavery
• 14th Defined citizenship
• 15th Extended voting rights
4. Plessy v Ferguson
• The 1896 Supreme Court case that ruled racial
segregation was legal as long as facilities were
equal— “separate but equal”.
• This brought on segregation in the South for
nearly 60 years.
5. • After the Plessy decision, laws throughout the
South, nicknamed Jim Crow laws, spread
quickly. The laws segregated buses and trains,
schools, restaurants, swimming pools, parks
and other public facilities.
6.
7. Brown v Board of Education
• In 1954 a young girl was denied admission to
her neighborhood school in Topeka, Kansas,
because of her race. The all black school was
across town from where she lived. The case
was taken all the up to the Supreme Court
where their ruling overturned Plessy. They
ruled that segregation in schools was
unconstitutional.
8. • Brown v Board of Education
• http://youtu.be/TTGHLdr-iak
9. Dr. Kenneth and Mamie Clark’s Doll
Test
• The Clarks concluded that "prejudice,
discrimination, and segregation" caused black
children to develop a sense of inferiority and
self-hatred.
10. Blue eye Brown eye Experiment
• http://youtu.be/YHSmvcOzbjI
11. 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott
• In Alabama it was law that blacks give up their
seats to whites and that blacks sit in the back
of the bus. Rosa Parks decided to challenge
the law by refusing to give up her seat. She
was arrested for her actions.
12. • The next day a call for a Bus boycott was
organized and a young 26 year old pastor of a
local church named Martin Luther King Jr. was
elected to help organize the event.
13. Martin Luther King Jr.
• King believed the only way to fight hate and
segregation and racism was through
nonviolent passive resistance. He practiced
the philosophy and techniques of Indian
leader Mohandas Gandhi who used non
violent resistance.
14. • MLK’s words stirred African Americans
through out Montgomery. Instead of riding
the buses, AA organized car pools, took taxis
or walked to work. For over a year the buses
rode nearly empty. The Supreme Court ruled
Alabama’s low unconstitutional.
15. MLK’s Speeches
• Last speech-1968
• http://youtu.be/aL4FOvIf7G8
• I Have a Dream-1963
• http://youtu.be/uBx4vPr27fo
17. Little Rock Crises 1957
• The Governor of Arkansas, Orval Faubus was
determined to keep the schools in his state
segregated. He called in the National Guard to
prevent 9 African Americans from entering
Central High School in Little Rock . TV played a
huge role in exposing the “south’s little
secret”.
18.
19.
20. African American Civil Rights Law
• Civil Rights Act of 1964-Provides criminal
penalties for discrimination in employment or
voting and integrates most public facilities.
• 24th Amendment 1964-Banned the poll tax
• Voting Rights Act 1965- Banned literacy tests
in counties where over half of eligible voters
have been disenfranchised.
21. • The Civil Rights Movement use a variety of
methods to get results. These included
practicing non-violence and passive
resistance, sit-ins, boycotts, and freedom
rides.
• Other leaders included Malcolm X, Stokely
Carmichael and the Black Panthers.
