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Hand Hygiene and Isolation Precautions
- 1. Hand Hygiene and Isolation Precautions Anthony Stull EME 6053
- 2. Hand Hygiene 1.7 million hospital-acquired infections annually 99,000 deaths annually 6 billion dollars annually Northwestern Memorial Hospital VRE and MRSA survive 24 hours on keyboard Contact resulted in hand transfer of MRSA 92% of he time Lab coats contaminated with MRSA 65% of the time when leaning over infected patient
- 3. Hand Hygiene Plain soap Detergent removes, soil, and organic substances Some transient bacteria Alcohol 60-95% alcohol to denature proteins rapidly Potent against many different organisms Not appropriate when hands visibly contaminated May dry skin
- 4. Hand Hygiene Chlorhexidine (CHG) Used in anti-microbial soaps Sustained residual activity Microbial resistance can develop Other Quaternary ammonia Triclosan Iodaphors
- 5. Hand Hygiene When to perform: Before patient contact After contact with blood, body fluids, or contaminated surfaces Before invasive procedures After removing gloves
- 8. Standard Precautions Assume that blood and body fluids from all patients contains infectious organisms Treat all patients the same Anticipate potential exposures before they happen
- 10. Gloves Use: Utilize when skin could potentially come in contact with blood or other potentially infectious body fluids (OPIM) Applying pressure to bleeding sites Suctioning Handling contaminated objects Dressing changes Performing procedures
- 11. Gloves Change when soiled or torn Single use Change after patient contact Hand hygiene
- 12. Gowns Utilize when splashes, sprays, or droplets from body fluids are anticipated Wound irrigation Cleaning instruments Cleaning major blood spill
- 13. Mask/Eye Shield Utilize when splashes, sprays, or droplets from body fluids are anticipated Suctioning Intubation Removing drains/devices Eye glasses are not considered appropriate eye protection
- 14. Isolation Precautions Devised to prevent spread of certain infectious organisms Certain PPE required with any patient contact Signs indicate isolation and appropriate PPE
- 15. Special Contact MRSA, VRE, other MDRO Daily cleaning Patient specific equipment Gown and gloves required for all contact Patient transport Patient wears gown, mask, and gloves (no gloves if on stretcher) Staff wears gown and gloves
- 17. Contact C-diff, Scabies, Lice Daily cleaning Gown and gloves required for all contact Patient transport Patient wears gown and gloves (no gloves if on stretcher) Staff wears gown and gloves Alcohol hand rubs not effective, must wash hands All equipment cleaned with bleach solution
- 18. Droplet Bacterial meningitis, mumps, certain pneumonias, influenza Daily cleaning Patient specific equipment Mask and gloves required for all contact Patient transport Patient wears mask and gloves (no gloves if on stretcher) Staff wears mask and gloves
- 19. High Risk Precautions Immunosuppressed Daily cleaning Gloves and mask required for all contact Patient transport Patient wears mask whenever leaving room Hand hygiene extremely important
- 20. PPE Removal Gown Gloves Mask/Eye protection Hand hygiene
- 21. References Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2002). Guideline for hand hygiene in health-care settings: Recommendations of the healthcare infection control practices advisory committee and the HICPAC/SHEA/APIC/IDSA hand hygiene task force. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 51(16). Tampa General Hospital Bloodborne Pathogen Exposure Control Plan Tampa General Hospital Standard Precautions and Transmission-Based Isolation Precautions, IC11