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Antonio Baudo
7 th Period
10/28/12
Table of Contents
1.    Nationalities
2.    Stem Changers
3.    Para
4.    Indirect Object Pronouns
5.    Object Pronoun Placement
6.    Gustar
7.    Affirmative/Negative Words
8.    Superlatives
9.    Reflexives
10.   Affirmative Tú Commands/Irregulars/Pronoun Placement
11.   Negative Tú Commands/Irregulars/Pronoun Placement
12.   Sequencing Events
Stem-Changers
    O-UE (dormir)
                           E-IE (Querer)

Duermo    Dormimos         Quiero      Queremos


Duermes                    Quieres


Duerme    Duermen          Quiere     Quieren

  U-UE (jugar)               E-I (pedir)

Juego     Jugamos
                           Pido        Pedimos

Juegas
                           Pides

Juega     Juegan
                           Pide        Piden
Para
Para indicates:
1. a recipient of an item
 •   Ellie compra un regalo para su amiga.
2. a purpose
 •   Voy a la tienda para comprar la comida.
3. an implied purpose
 •   Tengo dinero para (comprar) algo.
Answers:
  Indirect Object Pronouns                                   To Whom?
                                                             For Whom?
 Me      Nos
 Te
 Le      Les

ME                                 NOS
Tyler compra la comida a mi.      Tyler compra la comida a nosotros.
Tyler me compra la comida.        Tyler nos compra la comida.


TE
Tyler compra la comida a ti.
Tyler te compra la comida.

LE                                 LES
Tyler compra la comida a Elena.   Tyler compra la comida a ellos.
Tyler le compra la comida.        Tyler les compra la comida.
                                                                         Comes before the
                                                                         conjugated verb.
Object Pronoun Placement
 Attach the pronoun to the infinitive
 Attach the pronoun to a progressive tense
 Attach the pronoun to an affirmative command
 Place the pronoun before a conjugated verb
Gustar      -To like

Me gusta(n) Nos gusta(n)
Te gusta(n)
Le gusta(n)    Les gusta(n)

                                       Me gusta bailar.
Gusta(n) will always have              I like to dance.
me/te/le/nos/les in front of it
                                       Le gustan los gatos.
                                       He likes the cats.

 Gusta is when the object              Nos gusta la fiesta.
 pronoun is singular.                  We like the party.
 -Te gusta el regalo.
                                       Te gustan los chicas.
 Gustan is when the                    You like the girls.
 pronoun is plural.
 -Te gustan los regalos.
Affirmative/Negative Words


       Siempre, me lavo los                                 Nunca pongo la mesa.
       dientes.
                                                            No tengo ninguno pasta de
       ¿Algo más?                                           dientes.



                                                                      Double negatives are
                                                                      required in Spanish.

Algo             Something                                    Nada                 Nothing
Alguien          Someone      Algùn y ningùn come before      Nadie                No one
                              a singular masculine noun.
Algùn/Alguno Some             Any other noun is alguno or     Ningùn/Ninguno       None
                              ninguno (the exceptions are
Siempre          Always       nunca and nadie).               Nunca                Never
Tambien          Also                                         Tampoco              Neither/Either
Superlatives
   -ísimo      -ísimos
   -ísima      -ísimas



       -Means very                    C, G, or Z become Qu, Gu, C

                                         Rico Riquísimo
                                         Larga Largísima
Alto        Altísimo                     Feliz Felicísimo

Fuerte      Fuertísimo
                                      N or R become –císimo

                                         Joven      Jovencísimo
                                         Trabajador Trabajadorcísimo
Reflexives
-verb done to oneself
-identified with –se
                                 Bañarse (to bathe)
   -me      -nos                 You bathe yourself.
                                 Te bañas.
   -te
   -se      -se
                                 Acostarse (to lie down)
                                 I lie down.
                                 Me acuesto.
 1. Drop the –se
 2. Conjugate the verb
 3. Add the correct pronoun      Maquillarse (to put on make up)
    to the front                 Sarah puts on make up.
                                 Sarah se maquilla.
Affirmative Tú Commands/
         Irregulars/Pronoun Placement
-Put in él/ella/Ud. form
for regulars-
  Run.         Corre.


         Irregulars        Attach an object pronoun to the end
Decir          Di          of the command.

Hacer          Haz         Put it.   Ponla.
Ir             Ve
                           Wash it. Lavalo.
Poner          Pon
Salir          Sal
Ser            Sé
Tener          Ten
Venir          Ven

     Leave.     Sal.
Negative Tú Commands/
        Irregulars/Pronoun Placement
 Put it in the yo form.
 Add an “s”
 Use the opposite vowel (ar-e
 and er/ir-a)
 Don’t play. No jueges.         Place an object pronoun before the
                                command.
Irregulars
Decir           No digas        Don’t play it (the sport).
                                No lo jueges.
Hacer           No hagas
Ir              No vayas
Poner           No pongas
Salir           No salgas
Ser             No seas
Tener           No tengas
Venir           No vengas

     Don’t leave. No salgas.
Sequencing Events

Primero                     First
Entonces                    Then
Luego/Después               Later/After
Por fin                     Finally
Antes de                    Before
Después de                  After
Por la mañana/tarde/noche   In/During the …
Los lunes, etc.             On mondays, etc.

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Grammar hand book

  • 1. Antonio Baudo 7 th Period 10/28/12
  • 2. Table of Contents 1. Nationalities 2. Stem Changers 3. Para 4. Indirect Object Pronouns 5. Object Pronoun Placement 6. Gustar 7. Affirmative/Negative Words 8. Superlatives 9. Reflexives 10. Affirmative Tú Commands/Irregulars/Pronoun Placement 11. Negative Tú Commands/Irregulars/Pronoun Placement 12. Sequencing Events
  • 3.
  • 4. Stem-Changers O-UE (dormir) E-IE (Querer) Duermo Dormimos Quiero Queremos Duermes Quieres Duerme Duermen Quiere Quieren U-UE (jugar) E-I (pedir) Juego Jugamos Pido Pedimos Juegas Pides Juega Juegan Pide Piden
  • 5. Para Para indicates: 1. a recipient of an item • Ellie compra un regalo para su amiga. 2. a purpose • Voy a la tienda para comprar la comida. 3. an implied purpose • Tengo dinero para (comprar) algo.
  • 6. Answers: Indirect Object Pronouns To Whom? For Whom? Me Nos Te Le Les ME NOS Tyler compra la comida a mi. Tyler compra la comida a nosotros. Tyler me compra la comida. Tyler nos compra la comida. TE Tyler compra la comida a ti. Tyler te compra la comida. LE LES Tyler compra la comida a Elena. Tyler compra la comida a ellos. Tyler le compra la comida. Tyler les compra la comida. Comes before the conjugated verb.
  • 7. Object Pronoun Placement  Attach the pronoun to the infinitive  Attach the pronoun to a progressive tense  Attach the pronoun to an affirmative command  Place the pronoun before a conjugated verb
  • 8. Gustar -To like Me gusta(n) Nos gusta(n) Te gusta(n) Le gusta(n) Les gusta(n) Me gusta bailar. Gusta(n) will always have I like to dance. me/te/le/nos/les in front of it Le gustan los gatos. He likes the cats. Gusta is when the object Nos gusta la fiesta. pronoun is singular. We like the party. -Te gusta el regalo. Te gustan los chicas. Gustan is when the You like the girls. pronoun is plural. -Te gustan los regalos.
  • 9. Affirmative/Negative Words Siempre, me lavo los Nunca pongo la mesa. dientes. No tengo ninguno pasta de ¿Algo más? dientes. Double negatives are required in Spanish. Algo Something Nada Nothing Alguien Someone Algùn y ningùn come before Nadie No one a singular masculine noun. Algùn/Alguno Some Any other noun is alguno or Ningùn/Ninguno None ninguno (the exceptions are Siempre Always nunca and nadie). Nunca Never Tambien Also Tampoco Neither/Either
  • 10. Superlatives -ísimo -ísimos -ísima -ísimas -Means very C, G, or Z become Qu, Gu, C Rico Riquísimo Larga Largísima Alto Altísimo Feliz Felicísimo Fuerte Fuertísimo N or R become –císimo Joven Jovencísimo Trabajador Trabajadorcísimo
  • 11. Reflexives -verb done to oneself -identified with –se Bañarse (to bathe) -me -nos You bathe yourself. Te bañas. -te -se -se Acostarse (to lie down) I lie down. Me acuesto. 1. Drop the –se 2. Conjugate the verb 3. Add the correct pronoun Maquillarse (to put on make up) to the front Sarah puts on make up. Sarah se maquilla.
  • 12. Affirmative Tú Commands/ Irregulars/Pronoun Placement -Put in él/ella/Ud. form for regulars- Run. Corre. Irregulars Attach an object pronoun to the end Decir Di of the command. Hacer Haz Put it. Ponla. Ir Ve Wash it. Lavalo. Poner Pon Salir Sal Ser Sé Tener Ten Venir Ven Leave. Sal.
  • 13. Negative Tú Commands/ Irregulars/Pronoun Placement Put it in the yo form. Add an “s” Use the opposite vowel (ar-e and er/ir-a) Don’t play. No jueges. Place an object pronoun before the command. Irregulars Decir No digas Don’t play it (the sport). No lo jueges. Hacer No hagas Ir No vayas Poner No pongas Salir No salgas Ser No seas Tener No tengas Venir No vengas Don’t leave. No salgas.
  • 14. Sequencing Events Primero First Entonces Then Luego/Después Later/After Por fin Finally Antes de Before Después de After Por la mañana/tarde/noche In/During the … Los lunes, etc. On mondays, etc.