Anatomy Of A Domain Name and URL
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A quick guide on how domain names and URLs work.
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Anatomy Of A Domain Name and URL
- 1. Anatomy of a URL by Andy Wibbels http://andywibbels.com/
- 2. A web address has many parts.
- 3. Understanding which parts do what can help you better understand how your readers and search engines see your site.
- 4. www.yourdomain.com Here’s a domain name.
- 5. www.yourdomain.com Let’s break it down into its many parts.
- 6. www.yourdomain.com That thing on the end? That’s called a Top Level Domain.
- 7. Common top-level domains .com .net .org • For • For internet • For non- commercial service profits entities providers .edu .mil .gov • For • For military • For US educational use gov’t institutions bodies
- 8. Each country has it’s own top-level domain: .uk .ch .ph .th .us .tv .ca .au .cc .sp .fr and so on… Full list at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Country-code_top-level_domain
- 9. www.yourdomain.com So that’s the top-level domain, the part after the ‘dot’ and before the ‘everything else.’
- 10. www.yourdomain.com Let’s take a look at the part ‘between the dots.’
- 11. www.yourdomain.com It doesn’t allow spaces or underscores.
- 12. www.yourdomain.com www.YourDomain.com www.YOURDOMAIN.com It is not-case sensitive. All of the above go to the same place.
- 13. www.your-domain.com You can have dashes.
- 14. www.yourdomain12.com Or numbers.
- 15. www.yourdomain12.com Together with the top-level domain. This is what most people mean when they talk about ‘a domain name.’
- 16. www.your-domain12.com www.your-domain12.net www.your-domain12.org www.your-domain12.au These are all different domain names, that might be owned by different people.
- 17. www.your-domain.com So that was the part ‘between the dots.’
- 18. www.your-domain.com Let’s look at the part ‘before the dot.’
- 19. www.yourdomain.com The part before the first dot is called the sub-domain.
- 20. www.yourdomain.com Yes, you’re right. It doesn’t make sense that it is ‘sub’ and is first as you read it out loud.
- 21. www.yourdomain.com Make peace with that.
- 22. www.yourdomain.com mail.yourdomain.com blog.yourdomain.com stuff.yourdomain.com Sub-domains allow you to channel different bits of traffic to different parts of your company.
- 23. www.yourdomain.com mail.yourdomain.com blog.yourdomain.com stuff.yourdomain.com All of these sub-domains are controlled by the same person that owns the domain name.
- 24. www.yourdomain.com The default is ‘www’ for ‘world wide web.’
- 25. www.mail.yourdomain.com A common mistake is adding the ‘www’ if there is already a domain name.
- 26. www.mail.yourdomain.com That isn’t necessary and may cause weird error messages.
- 27. yourdomain.com = www.yourdomain.com Depending on how a site is setup, you don’t have to type in the ‘www.’
- 28. yourdomain.com ≠ www.yourdomain.com Other times they are different. This small detail may drive you batty when troubleshooting so be vigilant.
- 29. www.yourdomain.com So: sub-domain.
- 30. www.yourdomain.com Domain.
- 31. www.yourdomain.com Top-level domain.
- 32. www.yourdomain.com Usually referred to as one big thing called ‘a domain name.’
- 33. http://www.yourdomain.com So what’s this H-T-T-P business?
- 34. http://www.yourdomain.com There are many ways for you to connect to a website.
- 35. http:// The most common used by browser is Hypertext Transfer Protocol
- 36. http:// Hypertext is a nerdy way of saying ‘web site stuff.’
- 37. http:// The http:// tells the web server how to respond to the request to view a particular web page or file.
- 38. http:// The colon and 2 forward slashes just make it look fancy.
- 39. http:// Yes, the direction of the slashes matters. If they lean to the right – into the direction you’re reading, they are forward slashes. If they lean to the left – they are backslashes.
- 40. http://www.yourdomain.com Another piece of the puzzle!
- 41. http://www.yourdomain.com/stuff Uh-oh. What’s this?
- 42. http://www.yourdomain.com/stuff This tells the website, I want to see your folder of stuff.
- 43. http://www.yourdomain.com/stu_ff http://www.yourdomain.com/1 23 http://www.yourdomain.com/FuN This folder on the webserver can be case sensitive and can contain spaces and underscores. It is separate from the domain name system.
- 44. http://www.yourdomain.com/stuff This part points us to the server. This part tells us what to get once we’re there.
- 45. The path to these files can be as long as it needs to be. http://www.yourdomain.com/stuff/something/important.pdf This part points us to the server. This part tells us what to get once we’re there.
- 46. http://www.yourdomain.com/stuff.xls This tells the website, I want to see a spreadsheet called stuff.xls.
- 47. http://www.yourdomain.com/stuff.htm This tells the website, I want to see a webpage called stuff.htm.
- 48. http://www.yourdomain.com/stuff If there is no file requested – just the folder – the server may respond with the ‘index’ of that folder.
- 49. Sometimes a URL has variables in it that tell the site what to do. Here is the full URL to my Facebook profile. http://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=505504719 The browser talks to Facebook and asks for the the profile.php file is a profile.php file script and looks for a variable called ‘id’ and that is how it knows what Facebook profile to show.
- 50. But at the end of the day, the important thing to remember is this:
- 51. www.yourdomain.com Sub-domain.
- 52. www.yourdomain.com Domain.
- 53. www.yourdomain.com Top-level domain.
- 54. www.yourdomain.com Usually referred to as one big thing called ‘a domain name.’
- 55. Thanks! Let’s connect: http://andywibbels.com/